JURISDICTION

OF
DIFFERENT
COURTS

JURISDICTION
It is the power and the
authority of a court to
hear, try and decide a
case.

JURISDICTION OF THE
SUPREME COURT
"Sec. 17 Jurisdiction of the Supreme
Court.
The Supreme Court shall have
original jurisdiction over cases
affecting ambassadors, other public
ministers, and consuls; and original
and exclusive jurisdiction in petitions
for the issuance of writs of certiorari,
prohibition and mandamus against
the Court of Appeals.

 "The Supreme Court shall further have exclusive

jurisdiction to review, revise, reverse, modify
or affirm on certiorari as the law or rules of court
may provide, final judgments and decrees of inferior
courts as herein provided, in
"(1) All cases in which the constitutionality or
validity of any treaty, law, ordinance, or executive
order or regulation is in question;
"(2) All cases involving the legality of any tax,
impost, assessment or toil, or any penalty imposed
in relation thereto;
"(3) All cases in which the jurisdiction of any inferior
court is in issue;

"(4) All other cases in which only errors or questions of

law are involved: Provided, however, That if, in addition
to constitutional, tax or jurisdictional questions, the
cases mentioned in the three next preceding
paragraphs also involve questions of fact or mixed
questions of fact and law, the aggrieved party shall
appeal to the Court of Appeals; and the final judgment
or decision of the latter may be reviewed, revised,
reversed, modified or affirmed by the Supreme Court on
writ of certiorari; and
"(5) Final awards, judgments, decisions, or orders of the
Commission on Elections, Court of Tax Appeals, Court of
Industrial Relations, the Public Service Commission and
the Workmen's Compensation Commission."

JURISDICTION OF THE COURT OF

1. ORIGINAL jurisdiction
to issue writs of mandamus, prohibition,
APPEALS
certiorari, habeas corpus, and quo warranto, and auxiliary writs or
processes, whether or not in aid of its appellate jurisdiction (concurrent
with SC and RTCs)
2. EXCLUSIVE original jurisdiction over actions for annulment of
judgments of RTCs.
3. EXCLUSIVE appellate jurisdiction over all final judgments,
decisions, resolutions, orders or awards of RTCs and quasi-judicial
agencies, bodies, or commissions,

EXCEPT those which fall within the appellate jurisdiction of the SC,
namely:
a. COMELEC;
b. Commission on Audit;
c. Sandiganbayan.

JURISDICTION OF THE
SANDIGANBAYAN
A. ORIGINAL
Violations of: Anti-Graft and Corrupt
Practices Act;
Where one or more of the accused are
officials occupying the following positions in
the government, whether in a permanent,
acting or interim capacity, at the time of the
commission of the offense:

 Officials of executive branch occupying positions

classified as Grade 27 or higher, specifically including:
Provincial governors, vice-governors, members of the
sangguniang panlalawigan and provincial treasurers,
assessors, engineers and other provincial department
heads;
City mayors, vice-mayors, members of the
sangguniang panlungsod, city treasurers, assessors,
engineers and other city department heads;
Officials of the diplomatic service occupying the
position of consul and higher;

 Philippine army and air force colonels, naval captains,

and all officers of higher rank;
Officers of the Philippine National Police while
occupying the position of provincial director and those
holding the rank of senior superintendent or higher;
City and provincial prosecutors and their assistants,
and officials and prosecutors in the Office of the
Ombudsman and special prosecutor;

Presidents, directors or trustees, or managers of

government-owned or controlled corporations, state
universities or educational institutions or foundations;

 Members of Congress and officials thereof

classified as Grade 27 or higher

Members of the Judiciary, without prejudice to

the provisions of the Constitution (on
impeachment)

Chairmen and members of the Constitutional

Commissions, without prejudice to the
provisions of the Constitution
All other national and local officials classified as
Grade 27 or higher; or

JURISDICTION OF THE
COURT OF TAX APPEALS

EXCLUSIVE APPELLATE JURISDICTION over:

Decisions of the Collector of Internal Revenue in cases involving
disputed assessments, refunds of taxes, fees or other charges,
penalties imposed in relation thereto, or other matters arising
under the NIRC;
Decisions of the Commissioner of Customs in cases involving
liability for customs duties, fees or other money charges;
seizure, detention or release of property affected; fines,
forfeitures, or other matters arising penalties imposed in relation
thereto; and other matters arising under the Customs Law; and
Decisions of provincial or city Boards of Assessment Appeals in
cases involving the assessment and taxation of real property or
other matters arising under the Assessment Law.

JURISDICTION OF THE
REGIONAL TRIAL COURT
Section 19. Jurisdiction in civil cases. Regional
Trial Courts shall exercise exclusive original
jurisdiction:

A. CIVIL CASES

1. Cases where the subject of the litigation is

incapable of pecuniary estimation;
2. Involving the title to, or possession of, real
property, or any interest therein, where the
assessed value of the property involved exceeds
P20,000/ P50,000, EXCEPT actions for forcible
entry and unlawful detainer;


3. All actions in admiralty and
maritime jurisdiction where the
demand or claim exceeds
P200,000/P400,000;

4. Probate proceedings, both testate

and intestate, where the gross value
of the estate P200,000/P400,000;

5.

In all actions involving the contract of

marriage and marital relations;

6. In all cases not within the exclusive jurisdiction

of any court, tribunal, person or body
exercising jurisdiction;

7. In all civil actions and special proceedings

falling within the exclusive original jurisdiction
of a Juvenile and Domestic Relations Court and
of the Court of Agrarian Relations as now
provided by law; and

8. In all other cases in which the demand,

exclusive of interest, damages of whatever
kind, attorney's fees, litigation expenses, and

 B. CRIMINAL CASES
1. EXCLUSIVE
cases not within the exclusive jurisdiction of
any court, tribunal or body
Offenses punishable with imprisonment of
more than 6 years
Irrespective of fine
Offenses not falling within the exclusive
jurisdiction of Sandiganbayan
None of the accused is occupying a
position corresponding to salary grade
27 and higher
Only penalty provided by law is a fine
exceeding 4K
Jurisdiction to impose the maximum and most
serious penalty imposable for an offense

Section 21. Original jurisdiction in other cases.

Regional Trial Courts shall exercise original
jurisdiction:
(1) In the issuance of writs of certiorari, prohibition,
mandamus, quo warranto, habeas corpus and injunction
which may be enforced in any part of their respective
regions; and
(2) In actions affecting ambassadors and other public
ministers and consuls.

 Section 22. Appellate jurisdiction. Regional

Trial Courts shall exercise appellate jurisdiction
over all cases decided by Metropolitan Trial
Courts, Municipal Trial Courts, and Municipal
Circuit Trial Courts in their respective territorial
jurisdictions. Such cases shall be decided on the
basis of the entire record of the proceedings had
in the court of origin and such memoranda and/or
briefs as may be submitted by the parties or
required by the Regional Trial Courts. The decision
of the Regional Trial Courts in such cases shall be
appealable by petition for review to theCourt of
Appeals which may give it due course only when
the petition shows prima facie that the lower
court has committed an error of fact or law that
will warrant a reversal or modification of the

 Section 23. Special jurisdiction to try special

cases. The Supreme Court may designate
certain branches of the Regional Trial Courts to
handle exclusively criminal cases, juvenile and
domestic relations cases, agrarian cases, urban
land reform cases which do not fall under the
jurisdiction of quasi-judicial bodies and agencies,
and/or such other special cases as the Supreme
Court may determine in the interest of a speedy
and efficient administration of justice.
Section 24. Special Rules of Procedure.
Whenever a Regional Trial Court takes cognizance
of juvenile and domestic relation cases and/or
agrarian cases, the special rules of procedure
applicable under present laws to such cases shall
continue to be applied, unless subsequently

JURISDICTION OF THE
FAMILY COURTS (R.A. 8369)
Family Courts shall have exclusive original jurisdiction to

hear and decide the following cases:

Criminal cases where:

One or more of the accused is below eighteen

(18) years of age but not less than nine (9) years
of age, OR
One or more of the victims is a minor at the time
of the commission of the offense.
Petitions for guardianship, custody of children,
habeas corpus in relation to the latter;
Petitions for adoption of children and the

 One or more of the victims is a minor at

the time of the commission of the offense.
Petitions for guardianship, custody of
children, habeas corpus in relation to the
latter;
Petitions for adoption of children and the
revocation thereof;

 Complaints [for]:
Annulment of marriage
Declaration of nullity of marriage
Those relating to marital status and property
relations of:
Husband and wife OR
Those living together under different status and
agreements, AND
Petitions for dissolution of conjugal partnership
of gains;
Petitions for support and/or acknowledgment;
Summary judicial proceedings brought under
the provisions of the "Family Code of the
Philippines";

Petitions for:
Declaration of status of children as
Abandoned
Dependent OR
Neglected children
Voluntary or involuntary commitment of children;
The suspension, termination, or restoration of parental authority
and other cases cognizable under "Child and Youth Welfare Code",
Executive Order No. 56, (Series of 1986), and other related laws;

Petitions for the constitution of the family home;

Cases against minors cognizable under the Dangerous Drugs Act,
as amended;
Violations of Republic Act No. 7610, otherwise known as the
"Special Protection of Children Against Child Abuse, Exploitation
and Discrimination Act," as amended by Republic Act No. 7658;
and

 Cases of domestic violence against:

Women
Acts of gender based violence that results, or are likely
to result in physical, sexual or psychological harm or
suffering to women; and other forms of physical abuse
such as battering or threats and coercion which violate
a woman's personhood, integrity and freedom of
movement; AND
Children
Includes the commission of all forms of abuse,
neglect, cruelty, exploitation, violence, and
discrimination and all other conditions prejudicial to
their development.

JURISDICTION OF THE
METROPOLITAN TRIAL
COURTS (METC),
MUNICIPAL TRIAL COURTS
(MTC),
AND
MUNICIPAL CIRCUIT
TRIAL COURTS (MCTC)

 JURISDICTION OF THE MUNICIPAL TRIAL COURTS, METROPOLITAN TRIAL

COURTS AND THE MUNICIPAL CIRCUIT TRIAL COURTS

A. EXCLUSIVE ORIGINAL

1. CIVIL CASES

Civil actions and probate proceedings, testate and intestate, including the grant
of provisional remedies where the demand, exclusive of interest, damages,
attorneys fees and costs, does not exceed P100,000/200,000.

Exclusive original jurisdiction over cases of forcible entry and unlawful detainer;
issue of ownership resolved only to determine issue of possession.

After lapse of 1 year, MTC loses jurisdiction, and case becomes one for
recovery of possession de jure (accion publicicana), although MTC may still have
jurisdiction if value of property does not exceed P20,000/50,000.

Actions involving personal property valued at not more than

P100,000/200,000.

Actions involving title or possession of real property where the assessed value
does not exceed P20,000/50,000.

 2. CRIMINAL CASES
* Violations of city or municipal ordinances.

* All offenses punishable with not more than 4 years

2 mos 1 day imprisonment, irrespective of fine.
* All offenses punishable by only a fine of not more
than P4,000.
* Offenses involving damage to property through
criminal negligence.

 3. ELECTION CASES

Offense of failure to register or failure

to vote.

Election contests for barangay

offices.

 B. DELEGATED JURISDICTION in cadastral

and land registration cases covering:

1. Lots where there is no controversy or
opposition; OR

2. Contested lots the value of which does
not exceed P100,000.
decisions of the MTC in these cases are
appealable to the CA

 Summary Procedure

Cases Applicable

A. CIVIL CASES

All cases of forcible entry and unlawful detainer irrespective

of amount of damages or unpaid rentals; without question of
ownership; attorneys fees not exceeding P20,000 if quieting of
ownership; resolved to determine question of possession.

Other civil cases EXCEPT probate proceedings, where the

total amount of the claim does not exceed P10,000, exclusive of
interest and cost.

B. CRIMINAL CASES

*Violation of traffic laws, rules, regulations

*Violation of rental laws

*Violations of city or municipality ordinances

*All other criminal cases where the penalty does not exceed 6
months or a fine of P1000 or both, irrespective of other imposable
penalties or of the amount of civil liability

*Damage to property through criminal negligence where the fine
does not exceed P10,000.

SDICTION OF THE KATARUNGANG PAMBARANG

NDER THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT CODE OF 1991
JURISDICTION OF THE KATARUNGANG PAMBARANGAY
(UNDER THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT CODE OF 1991)
1. No complaint, petition, action or proceeding involving any
matter within the authority of the lupon shall be filed or instituted
directly in court or any other government office for adjudication,
unless:
There has been a confrontation between the parties before the
lupon chairman or pangkat, AND
That no conciliation or settlement has been reached as certified by
the lupon/pangkat secretary as attested to by lupon chairman or
pangkat chairman, or unless such settlement has been repudiated
by the parties thereto

 2. Disputes subject to Conciliation

Requirement: All disputes between parties
actually residing in the same city or
municipality

HOWEVER, the court in which noncriminal cases not falling within the
authority of the Lupon may, at any time
before trial, refer the case to the lupon for
amicable settlement.

3. EXCEPTIONS TO CONCILIATION REQUIREMENT (SC Circular

14-93)

Where one party is the government, or any subdivision or

instrumentality thereof;

Where one party is a public officer or employee, and the dispute

relates to the performance of his official functions;

Where the dispute involves real properties located in different

cities and municipalities, unless the parties thereto agree to
submit their difference to amicable settlement by an appropriate
Lupon;

Any complaint by or against corporations, partnerships or juridical

entities, since only individuals shall be parties to Barangay
conciliation proceedings either as complainants or respondents
(Sec. 1, Rule VI, Katarungang Pambarangay Rules);

 Disputes involving parties who actually reside in barangays of different

cities or municipalities, EXCEPT:

* Where such barangay units adjoin each other, AND

* The parties thereto agree to submit their differences to amicable
settlement by an appropriate Lupon;

Offenses for which the law prescribes a maximum penalty of imprisonment
exceeding one (1) year or a fine over five thousand pesos (P5,000.00);
Offenses where there is no private offended party;

Disputes where urgent legal action is necessary to prevent
injustice from being committed or further continued, specifically the
following:

 * Criminal cases where accused is under police custody or detention;

* Petitions for habeas corpus by a person illegally deprived of his rightful custody over another or a
person illegally deprived of his liberty or one acting in his behalf;

* Actions coupled with provisional remedies such as preliminary injunction, attachment, delivery of
personal property and support during the pendency of the action; AND

* Actions which may be barred by the Statute of Limitations.

Any class of disputes which the President may determine in the interest of justice or upon the
recommendation of the Secretary of Justice;

Where the dispute arises from the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law (CARL) (Sections. 46
& 47, R.A. 6657);

Labor disputes or controversies arising from employer-employee relations (Montoya vs.
Escayo, et al., 171 SCRA 442; Art. 226, Labor Code, as amended, which grants original and exclusive
jurisdiction over conciliation and mediation of disputes, grievances or problems to certain offices of the
Department of Labor and Employment);

Actions to annul judgment upon a compromise, which may be filed directly in court.


Venue of proceedings:

Situation

Venue

Parties reside in same barangay

That barangay

Parties
reside
barangays

in

different Barangay where respondent, or

any of the respondents, actually
resides, at the option of the
complainant
Disputes involving real property or Barangay where property is
interest therein
situated
Disputes arising at the workplace Barangay where such workplace
where the contending parties are or institution is located
employed, or at the institution
where such parties are enrolled
for study