PARUL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Net Neutrality
Content Providers
vs. ISP
vs. Consumers

PREPARED BY:
PATEL JAY C (140870705004)
ME(EC-1ST SHIFT)
PIT

Definition of the Internet

A system connecting networks around the world using TCP/IP,
which stands for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet
Protocol, a set of standards for transmitting and receiving
digital data. The Internet consists primarily of the collection of
billions of interconnected computers (Economides 2008).

How the Internet Works

As you can see, your ISP is what connects your computer to the
internet, which other computers and servers connect to via their
ISP. There are several ways to connect to the ISP, which include
using a dial-up modem over a phone line, cable, or satellite.

What is Net Neutrality ?

Net Neutrality is a guiding principle that means the
Internet will remain free and unrestrictedwhich
means
The public will continue to be able to view the
smallest blog as easily as the largest corporate
websitewhich means
Keeping the Internet open and accessible (as it now
exists) to the fullest extent possible.

Definition of Net Neutrality

Net Neutrality is a network design paradigm that argues for
broadband network providers to be completely detached from
what information is sent over their networks.

Proponents

Google
Yahoo!
Vonage
Ebay
Amazon
Microsoft
Christian Coalition
Gun Owners of
America
AARP
Tim Berners-Lee
Robert W. McChesney
Moby
Steve Wozniak

Arguments for
Control of data

Cable and internet company must allow ISPs free access to their networks and
should not screening or filtering of data

Digital rights and freedoms

Ensures

that

the

Internet

remains

Competition and Innovation

Preserving Internet standardsEnd-to-end principle

free

and

open

technology

Opponents

Competitive Enterprise Institute

National Association of Manufacturers

Freedom Works Foundation

Americans for Tax Reform

Goldwater Institute

Cato Institute

Comcast

Arguments Against
o Innovation and investment

o Counterweight to server-side non-neutrality

o Bandwidth availability

o Opposition to legislation
o Spam, Virus

This chart shows the worlds Internet restrictions. Internet black

holes mean that data information is really sucked up in a void
meaning that it is there but it will just keep coming and coming. A
lot of smaller under developed countries surveillance their Internet
like Iran that blocks twitter feeds because of the recent Iran
elections. Some countries as you can see have minor or no
restrictions on the Internet.

Our Stance on Net Neutrality

We, as a group, are for net neutrality, keeping the internet
the same as it was since its inception.

Table of Contents

History of the Internet

History of Net Neutrality
Seven Reasons Why the Internet should be Neutral
Politics and Net Neutrality
Economy and Net Neutrality
Religion and Net Neutrality
Philosophy and Net Neutrality
Culture and Net Neutrality
Legality and Net Neutrality
Arguments against Net Neutrality

History of the Internet

In 1934 the Communications Act became law. First attempt
to regulate phone lines by FCC.
Vannevar Bush first proposed the basics of hypertext in
1945.
In 1958, Bell System announced its Data Phone service
using regular phones circuits (Anderberg 2007).
In 1962, DARPA lead the way in developing the Internet.

History of Internet Pt. 2

In 1969, the network known as ARPANET was created to
connect 4 databases owned by universities in the
southwestern U.S.
In 1989, the Internet grew in popularity as its host amount
breaks 100,000.
Hypertext Markup Language (First Version of HTML) was
formally published on June 1993.
In 1994, the Internet grew by 341,634%

History of Internet Pt. 3

In 2003, the phrase network neutrality was coined when
Law Professor Tim Wu presented a paper at the Silicon
Flatirons conference in Boulder Colorado.
In 2004, the FCC gained control of the telecommunication
industry, introduced the Four Freedoms
In 2006, Net Neutrality hit mainstream with the musician
Moby appearing at a Capitol Hill press conference

History of Internet Pt. 4

In 2006, a bill was struck down when the House voted 269152 to reject Representative Ed Markeys net neutrality
amendment to the COPE telecom reform bill, HB 5252.
In 2007, the Internet giant Google finally flexed its
muscles with its hiring of former MCI lobbyist Rick Whitt.
In 2008, the FCC made a critical decision when it found by
a 3-2 vote Comcast guilty of violating Internet principles.
In September of the same year, Comcast filed an appeal to
the FCCs actions.

The Seven Reasons for N.N.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Economic Recovery and Prosperity

Freedom of Speech
Civic Participation
Marketplace of Ideas
Social Justice
Rise of Telecom companies
Political Opportunity

Senator Ted Stevens

Senator Ted Stevens (Chairmen of commerce) which means he
is in charge of commerce over the internet. He has a limited
understanding of the Internet and Net Neutrality (Stevens
2009). John Stewart explains the epic failure that is Ted
Stevens:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gfga4bFIUoc

Politics & Net Neutrality

Most democrats agree with net neutrality and republicans
disagree with it. Republicans are telling Obama that net
Neutrality laws are harmful (Karr 2009). Let it be known the
net was neutral since its beginning. The way the internet
is now is the way it always has been. Our stance is it
should stay this way.

Economic Contributions Against Net Neutrality

These are companies that have shown top contributions of money

to representative republican Joe Barton of Texas for fighting
against net neutrality. These are the top companies who help run
the Internet.

Economics
Net Neutrality is the building block of the abundance-based
economy on the Internet. Significantly effecting the dollars
that we would have back in our pockets, online publishers
would, under Net Neutrality be able to raise its cost of
publishing back to its former level. When Net Neutrality ends,
the monopoly begins again. Sites like West Seattle Blog are
profitable because of this reason.

Philosophy & Net Neutrality

The philosophy of Net Neutrality is broken up into three
course beliefs.
First, Digital technology, if unshackled is a powerful means
for creating an egalitarian society.
Secondly, the end-to-end design of the Internet is open to
innovation.

Continued on Next
Page

Philosophy & Net Neutrality

Continued.
Third, and lastly, market players should not control the Internet
(Cleland 2009). Those who believe in Network Neutrality generally
have a strong stance on the freedom of speech. The people on
Network Neutrality also want to make it clear that they do not
want to force ISPs to avoid differentiating themselves. What
they dont want is for them to do it in ways that is determined
out of bounds (Anderson 2009).

Culture & Net Neutrality

Our culture is a very dynamic
one. Throughout the years it
has seen many changes;
Even more changes are
brought by technological
innovations, such as the
internet.

Culture & Net Neutrality Continued

The way our culture communicates has been changed by the
internet. Never before has instant communication from
countries from all over the world been possible in such a new
way.
This opens the issue of Net Neutrality with countries who wish
to censor or silence their populace.

Legal Issues
Who has the right to hold the reigns to the Internet?
Do the telecommunication companies own the
Internet?
The answer is no. Telecommunication companies are
merely a means to an end. In other words, they are merely
the gateway to the Internet; they dont own the Internet
themselves.
Telecommunication companies should be concerned with
providing the best product to their customers rather than
limiting their output. If they decide to change the current
system, assuredly the people would not stand for it, nobody
wants a regulated Internet (Press 2006).

Legal Issues Continued

For fair market competition, internet service
providers should be able to facilitate a similar
experience for a similar price across the board,
otherwise connecting to the internet will become a
monopoly scheme directed towards the highest
bidding telecommunication company that provides
the best plan.

Arguments Against Net Neutrality

Argument:

Net Neutrality would keep broadband access providers from offering

more than one service

Rebuttal:

With Net Neutrality, you are offered a choice. If the internet was not
neutral you would be forced to utilize certain products dictated by
the service provider, to illustrate this metaphorically, this would be
like being forced to use Pepsi or Coke depending on the restaurants
(internet service provider) you are utilizing.
But the difference between Internet service providers & restaurants
is that you have the freedom to go to a different restaurant or store
to obtain your preferred soda. If where you live determines what
service provider you use, or if the government of your country is
running the internet, there is no where for you to turn to get the
products or services you desire (websites, etc.)

Arguments Against Net Neutrality

Continued

AT&T claims that 5% of its users use over 50% of the

bandwidth. Sandvine reports that over 44% of its Internet
traffic comes from file sharing. While these numbers may
sound drastic, they still do not justify discrimination on the
Internet. Claiming the fears of people to be irrational, those
who oppose Network Neutrality do not look at the possible
scenarios of a broadband future (Davis 2009).

Concluding Statements
In conclusion, the Internet should be a neutral place for all
of its users. Not all cars are created are the same, but all
should be allowed on the highway. The same is true with
Internet traffic. File sharing and increased usage, as well
as profits are all issues to the Internet corporations. What
this is about, though, is the consumer. Its the consumer
that the corporations should cater too, and its the
consumer that counts.

The Best we can do is

Support for free internet

QUERIES ARE WELCOMED!!!