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PCET BELTHANGADY
A PRESENTATION OF
SEMINAR ON
TRANSONIC ENGINES
Presented by:
PCET ,Belthangady
SAJU JOHN
VIII SEM MECHANICAL
USN: 4PR10ME021
TRANSONIC ENGINES
Under The Guidance of
Principal
PCET ,Belthangady
INTRODUCTION
Internal combustion engines play a vital role in our
day to day life in many ways. The two terms which
are highly associated with an internal combustion
engine are ,
Efficiency and economy
Efficiency, which is simply defined by ratio of output
to input .
economy which is highly considered in automobile
sector defined by the distance that can be travelled by
the automobile by giving unit amount of fuel,
expressed in kilometers per liter(km/l).
PCET ,Belthangady
PCET ,Belhangady
PCET ,Belthangady
IGNITION SYSTEMS
Ignition system of an SI engine is used to ignite the
fuel air mixture (charge).
It mainly consists of a spark plug which is operated at
high voltage 20000-30000 V. The spark plug consists
of two electrodes which are separated at a small
distance (generally 0.1 mm).
As the piston compresses the charge then a high
voltage is passed between the electrodes and a spark
generates between the electrodes, as the gap is very
small which cause the combustion
PCET ,Belthangady
PCET ,Belthangady
PCET ,Belthangady
The
PCET ,Belthangady
SUPERCRITICAL FLUID
A supercritical fluid is any substance at a temperature and
pressure above its critical point; it is not a solid, liquid or a
gas.
Generally supercritical fluids have properties between those
of a gas and a liquid.
Supercritical fluids also have other unique properties such as
having no surface tension, the ability to solvate other liquids
and solids.
Supercritical fluids possess rapid mass transfer properties
with diffusion coefficients more than ten times that of a liquid
near the critical point.
The density ranges between one third and two thirds of that of
the corresponding fluid and varies significantly with
temperature and pressure.
PCET ,Belthangady
COMPONENTS OF TRANSONIC
ENGINE
HIGH PRESSURE PUMP
CATALYTIC CONVERTER
HEAT EXCHANGER
SUPERCRITICAL FUEL INJECTOR
PCET ,Belthangady
CATALYTIC CONVERTER
Metal-oxide catalyst that breaks fuel molecules down
into simpler hydrocarbon chains.
Catalytic activity that is two to three times of
magnitude faster than the purely liquid form of the
substance.
Catalytic actions on the fuels reduce the amount of CO
in exhaust emission.
It oxidizes the fuel before the combustion by adding
oxidizers like ethanol.
PCET ,Belthangady
HEAT EXCHANGER
SUPERCRITICAL INJECTORS
OPERATION
SUPERCRITICAL INJECTION VS
NORMAL INJECTION
In super critical injection the fuel is readily mixed
with the air than normal injection.
The rapid mixing of the fuel enables the engine to
derive maximum efficiency than in normal injection.
The rapid mixing and multiple combustion sites are
the reasons of the greater efficiency of transonic
engines than in diesel engines
PCET ,Belthangady
ADVANTAGES OF TRANSONIC
ENGINES
The efficiency of gasoline engine can be increased up to
50 to 70%.
TSC decreases the amount of fuel needed to propel a
vehicle.
Like diesel engine, the Transonic Combustion technology
operates in gasoline engine without needing a spark plug.
Transonic injection is being developed for use with
gasoline engines at present, but will also be compatible
with advanced low carbon footprint bio-fuels in the future.
Convenient use of exhaust gas temperature.
PCET ,Belthangady
LIMITATIONS OF TRANSONIC
ENGINES
Manufacturing cost is high
Injectors must be made carefully
PCET ,Belthangady
SUPERCRITICAL COMBUSTION
IN DIESEL ENGINE
Super critical combustion in diesel engine is
achieved by heating diesel above 300C and
pressurizing it above 100 bar which is the critical
temperature and pressure of diesel fuel respectively.
Fuel is partially oxidized by coating the fuel lines
with catalytic materials like nickel & molybdenum.
Oxygen will be supplied for this oxidation process
by adding ethanol (2%) with diesel.
SC combustion in diesel engine gives a thermal
efficiency of 75-85%
PCET ,Belthangady
CONCLUSION
The thermal efficiency of an IC engine depends upon
T HA N
PCET ,Belthangady
KYOU