CONFLICT-SENSITIVE AND PEACE

PROMOTING
LOCAL DEVELOPMENT PLANNNING PROCESS

Peace and Development is a governance framework that

accentuate the importance of peace as a prelude to development
and a development as a key element in attaining peace.
Theoretically, there is such a causal relationship of both; that
implies, there is no development without peace and there is no
peace without development. Whichever comes first the two are
necessary in governance .

Good governance is an important peacebuilding element.

Key attributes of good governance are:

transparency,
responsibility,
accountability,
participation,
responsiveness (to the needs of the people).
(Resolution 2000/64 UN Commission on Human Rights)

A Holistic Understanding of a Culture

of Peace (Flower diagram)
Dismantling the
Culture of War

Living with
compassion
and justice

Nurturing inner
peace

Living in
harmony with
the earth

Promoting
human rights &
responsibilities

Building cultural
respect,
reconciliation and
solidarity

The
Paths
are
Interrelated

Rethink development policies & agenda: Mainstream Culture of

Peace (CoP) in Local Planning

Fill in the gaps between promises and action

Conflict resolutions education: Safe & Caring schools, families,

communities

Live simply so others may live

1.

What are the sectors current realities?

a) Farmers/fisherfolks;
b) Indigenous peoples;
c) Women;
d) Children;
e) Urban poor;
f) Others

2.

What are the root causes of their current realities?

3.

What are the strategies/courses of action to address the sectors

marginalization.

Is a means of assessing the ways in which an intervention may

affect, or has affected, the dynamics of peace or conflict in a
conflict- prone community.

PCIA GUIDING PRINCIPLES

PCIA is a process, not an add-on or a single-use tool

Help us to understand the specific rather than the general;

Not static;

Needs to be transparent, shared and people-centered;

Its all about ownership, control and capacity

Haste makes waste

Neither development nor peacebuilding on their own will not

magically create peace

Conflict Analysis/Mapping

Risk and Opportunity Assessment (ROA)

Peace and Conflict Impact Assessment (PCIA)

CONFLICT
ENERGY
Like
Fire
Can be
negative
Can be positive

A practical process of
examining and understanding
the reality of conflict from a
variety of perspectives.

To understand the background

and history of the situation as
well as current events

To identify all
groups involved

To understand the perspectives

of all these groups and to know
more about how they relate to
each other

the

relevant

To identify the factors and

trends that underpin conflicts

To learn from failures as well as

successes

ROA vs. PCIA

PHASE OF
INITIATIVE/PROJECT

HOW IS PCIA USED?

OBJECTIVES

Pre - Initiative

Planning Tool for

Initiative Design and
Formulation

Anticipating/guesstimnati
ng future impacts;
contingency planning;
conflict mitigation

In-initiative

Performance Monitoring
and Management Tool

Monitoring immediate
impacts; risk
management; staff
participant security

Post-Initiative

Strategic Planning for

future phases or future
initiatives

Evaluation, institutional
learning, capacity
building, mainstreaming
PCIA

STEPS
1. Drafting vision for
the LGU

QUESTIONS TO ASK
Does the vision reflects an awareness of
peace values and aspirations?
How does it described the state of peace that
is desired?

2. Data gathering on
local realities for
selected date or
key
local
development
indicators (Conflict
Mapping)

What are the types & stages of conflict being

experience in the area?
Is there competition of resources? What
resources? Who are the interested groups?
Is there a conflict management and conflict
resolution mechanisms in place?

STEPS

QUESTIONS TO ASK

3.
Identifying
gaps What are the possible impacts of location on the
between vision and proposed CLUP/CDP?
reality that needs to be
addressed
by How might the timing of the proposed plans affect its
CLUP/CDP
chances of success
How might the changing political context affect the
proposed plans?
What are the possible impact of the conflict on the
proposed plan?
What socio-eco factors that might affect the
proposed plan?
Are there other factors that might affect the
proposed plans?

STEPS
4. Goals and Objectives
Formulation

QUESTIONS TO ASK
What are the possible impacts of location of the
proposed P/P/As?
How might the timing of the proposed P/P/As affect
its chances of success?
How might the changing political context affect the
proposed P/P/As?
What are the possible impact of the conflict on the
proposed P/P/As?
What socio-eco factors that might affect the
proposed P/P/As?
Are there other factors that might affect the
proposed P/P/As?

STEPS

QUESTIONS TO ASK

5. Plan & Budget Approval

Will the proposed P/P/As provide opportunities for

individuals/groups to get involved in responding to
peace building efforts?

6. Finalization of priority
projects by LDC
7. Submission to
sanggunian

Will the proposed P/P/As affect the peoples sense

of security positively/negatively? How?
Can the benefits be broadly or fairly distributed?

8. Approval by the
sangguniang

Will there be real improvements in the political,

economic, physical and food security among men
and women?
Will the proposed P/P/As helps or hinder the
strengthening
of
the
relationship
among
stakeholders in the LGU? How?
What will be the impacts of P/P/As on the political
structures/processes?

STEPS

QUESTIONS TO ASK
What will be the impact of the P/P/As on the human
rights conditions within the LGU?
Will the proposed P/P/As contribute to or distract
from efforts to reconstruct damage economic and
social infrastructure?
Will the proposed P/P/As address the unequal
distribution of wealth?
Will the proposed P/P/As create or support equity
and justice?
Will the proposed P/P/As contribute to positive
communication or interaction?

Government policies and programs affect the peace and conflict

situation in an area
LGUs play a crucial role in peace work with mandates emanating from
the Comprehensive Peace Plan of the national government and
the LGU mandate in maintaining peace and order
LGU activities have a strong potential to positively contribute to
peace. On the other hand, LGU projects can inadvertently create
conflict by increasing competition for scarce resources or
increasing inequities in service delivery
PCIA will enable the LGU to anticipate, monitor and evaluate the
impact of their interventions on peace and conflict.

Insufficient understanding of the concepts of peace work beyond the

traditional mindset of peace, equating it with peace and order and
policing;

Usual assumption that development automatically brings peace;

Lack or absence of technical skill, resources, authority for conflict

resolution or to integrate peace and conflict consideration into local
legislation and development programs;

LGU initiatives can contribute to conflict;

Political dynamics brought about by patronage politics as well as

incompatible goals, interests and processes, traditional leaderships
of elected officials; and

Maximizing the role of peace and order councils/committee in peace

work

Development
is
inevitably
conflictual,
destabilizing and subversive because it
challenges existing political, economic, and
social power structures that stop individuals and
groups from attaining their full potential.

Thank You