3.

0 Lexical Devices
By Sofea & Jeremy

What is Lexical Devices

Deal mainly with words and they are used to create additional
expression and evaluation
Types of Lexical Devices

Synonym

Antonym

Hyponym

Homonym,
Homograph,
homophone

Metonymy

3.1 Synonym
A synonym is a word which has a similar meaning as another
word
A word having the same or nearly the same meaning as
another word (American Heritage Dictionary of the English
Language)
Example :
1. Result = consequence
2. Reject = discard
3. Forgivable = pardonable

3.2 Antonym
An antonym is a word which has an opposite meaning of
another word
Examples :
1. Reject = accept
2. Forgivable = inexcusable
3. Alien = native

3.3 Hyponym
A hyponym is a word that has a relationship with another
word.
It has a super ordinate.

a thing that represents a superior order or category within a

system of classification

3.4 Homonym
A word which has the same spelling and pronunciation as
another word but with different meanings
Example :
Homonym

Meaning

Bank

A place where money is

deposited
Land along the side of a
river or lake

Left

Opposite of right
Past tense of leave

3.5 Homograph
A word which has the same spelling as another word but with
different pronunciation and meanings
Example :
Homograph
Tear

Meanings
Please do not shed a tear
(noun)
Please do not tear the letter
(verb)

Bow

He is wearing a bow (noun)

They bow as a sign of respect
(verb)

3.6 Homophone
A word which has the same sound as another word but with
different meanings
Example :
Homophone
Know
No
Two

Meaning
Do you know her name?
No, I dont know.
May I have two slices of
cheese?

Too

I want cheese too!

3.7 Metonymy
A figure of speech in which a word or phrase is substituted for
another which is closely associated.
Also a way of describing something or making a reference to
things around it
Example :
Hollywood is used as a metonym for American cinema
because of the cultural identity of Hollywood (a district of Los
Angeles) as a centre of movie studios and movie stars.

Word

Literal Meaning

Metonymic Use

Hollywood

A district of Los
Angeles

The press

Printing press

The American film

and television
industry
The news media

Sweat

Perspiration

Hard work

The White House

The Palace

The official presidential

residence in
Washington D.C.
Buckingham Palace

Drinking

Consuming a liquid

the American
president and his
staff
The monarchs
office
Consuming
alcohol

Exercises on synonyms :
1. To begin =
2. Usually =
3. Terrible =
4. Missing =
5. Great =
6. Rubbish =
7. Couch =
8. Almost =

To start
Normally
Awful
Lost
Fantastic
Garbage
Sofa
Nearly

Exercise on antonyms :
1. More =
2. Happy =

Less
Sad

3. Alive =

Dead

4. Loud =

Soft

5. Dangerous =
6. Fast =
7. Now =
8. Cool =

Safe
Slow
Then
Warm

 List out the hyponymy of Flower

Rose

Tulips

Hibiscus

Morning
Glory

Lilies

Marigolds

Sunflowers

Dandelions

Exercise on homonym :
1. A female dog =

Bitch

2. A sandy shore =

Beach

3. Support, carry or hold =

Bear

4. A person or part of body without clothes =

5. A set of two things used together =

Pair

6. A yellowish or brownish juicy fruit =

Pear

Bare

7. A small imaginary human with magical powers =

Fairy

8. A water transportation carrying passengers & goods = Ferry

End Of Slide
Thank You For Your Attention!