Professional Documents
Culture Documents
MANAGEMENT
(JACOB KOUNIN)
BUILDING THE FOUNDATION
(SKINNER, GLASSER, GORDON)
RUBATARSHNE D/O VASU
AMIRAH NAJIHAH BT ABDUL AZIS
MOHD AFIF AZRI B. AHMAD
Question
Compare and contrast
on the two theories
researched and present
your findings
CONTENT
Definition
Approaches or Strategies
Strengths and
weaknesses
DEFINITI
ONS
DEFINITION
S
INSTRUCTION
AL
MANAGEMENT
(JACOB
KOUNIN)
Focused on a
teachers
ability to affect
students
behavior
through
instructional
management
BUILDING THE
FOUNDATION
(B.F SKINNER)
The practice of
providing
consequences
for both positive
and negative
behaviour.
BUILDING THE
FOUNDATION
(WILLIAM
GLASSER)
The choice
theory states
that behavior is
inspired by
what a person
wants or
needs most at
any given time
BUILDING THE
FOUNDATION
(THOMAS
GORDON)
Discipline is
best. achieved
through pupil
self-control.
Teacher use I
messages in
influencing pupil
behaviour
APPROACHES
& STRATEGIES
(Jacob Kounin)
RIPPLE EFFECT
TRANSITION
SMOOTHNESS
MANAGEMENT
TECHNIQUES
OVERLAPPING
DESISTS
WITHITNESS
Techniques
Ripple Effect
Desists
Definition
Examples
Withitness
Overlapping
Transition
smoothness
SATIATION
JERKINESS
SLOWDOWNS
FLIPFLOPS
TRUNCATIO
N
INSTRUCTIONAL
TECHNIQUES
STIMULUS
BOUND
THRUST
DANGLE
Technique Definition
s
Solutions
Satiation
Jerkiness
Stimulus
bound
attention.
When this happen, the teacher is stimulus
bound.
Thrust
Techinques
Definition
Solution
Truncation
Flip-flops
Dangle
Slow-down
1. Operant
conditioning
2. Reinforcement
stimulus
STRATEGIES
OF THE
THEORY
i.
2 categories :
Constant reinforcemen
ii. Intermittent
reinforcement
We are driven
to satisfy
basic needs:
survival, love,
belonging,
power,
freedom and
fun
Students
behaviour
is
determined by students
choice not teachers control
THE CHOICE
THEORY
To replace
external
control
psychology
Developing
meaning and
mutually beneficial
relationships
STRATEGIES
OF THE
THEORY
PROBLEM OWNERSHIP
Students behaviour is
causing a problem for
student only
No problem exist
STRENGTHS
AND
WEAKNESSES
Jacob Kounin
STRENGTHS
Teacher act as an administrator in the
classroom.
Behaviour problems are reduced to the
minimum.
Provide the teacher with a specific, detailed
approach to handle the discipline problems.
Offers techniques for making desists effective.
eg. teacher can quiet the whole class by using
desist in order to keep one pair of students from
talking. (Morris, 1996)
Teacher will avoid from frustration, yelling to
students or sarcasm.
WEAKNESSES
Might lead to overdwelling / fragmentation.
Limited use in the classroom.
Shows to avoid disciplinary problems but not to
provide effective way to solve serious discipline
problems.
Does not help the students in forming selfdiscipline.
Does not work with every problematic students
in the classroom.
It is quite impossible for a teacher to know
everything that is happening in the class at all
time.
Bf. Skinner
Strengths
Weaknesses
GLASSER
STRENGTHS
Promote a high degree of autonomy and
responsibility for students.
Help students see a wide range of possible
consequences for their behaviour.
Allow students to determine solutions to their own
discipline problems.
Help students understand their needs and how to
satisfy these need legitimately.
Explain clearly what a teacher needs to do for
every misbehaving student.
WEAKNESSES
It is difficult for teachers to help students satisfy their
need for control without feeling threatened themselves.
It is difficult to react properly when communicating with
students about their inappropriate behaviour.
Classroom meetings may consume more time than is
desirable.
It may be difficult to help students who do not want to be in
school to make plans to improve their behaviour.
GORDON
Strengths
Weaknesses
Allows the teacher to correct and confront the Children may become uncontrollable without
students misbehavior without affecting the
teachers guidance (self-regulation)
students feeling
Provides a win-win situation for teacher and
student
Practicality of theories
in ESL classroom
RIPPLE-EFFECT
Jacob Kounin
PROBLEM
Siti was not paying attention in the class. She always disturbed her friends
and loved to play around in the class.
Bf. Skinner
Ajrul in Mr Lims class is quite passive and obedient. He never create a fuss and does
little socializing with his peers. However, he rarely participate in class activities and
doesnt care about completing homework and exercises given. He just follow the flow
of the class and doesnt show any effort to improve himself.
When Ajrul is being good by doing anything
that is appropriate, reward him whenever he
participates or works
Reiterate the class rules regarding class
work. Praise Ajrul whenever he follows the
rule or active in the class.
Consider stronger reinforces. If praise is
ineffective, use points, tokens, or other
tangible to reinforce and shape Ajruls
improvement.
Set up an agreement with Ajrul. Identify a
reward that is exceptionally attractive to
him. Outline what he must do in order to
earn the reward.
GLASSER
Teacher enters the class and conduct teaching. While
teaching, there are a group of pupils misbehave and
interrupts the learning process.
GORDON
Teacher saw Renuka enter the room one day, she could sense
the girl's anger and frustration. When the teacher questioned
Renuka, the young woman responded: "Nothing's wrong and I
don't want to talk about it." The teacher replied, "OK, but if you
feel you need an ear, I have a free period later today." That
afternoon, Renuka did share her feelings and the teacher was
able to help Renuka find a way to solve her problem.
Active
listenin
g
JACOB KOUNIN
SKINNER
GLASSER
GORDON
However, if teachers do
not use reinforcement as
an approach to discipline,
they still can make use of
rewards such as praise
and approval to motivate
and support students.
Administrators and
teachers can concentrate
more on education and
less on discipline.
Teachers will make
schooling far more
interesting, prevent
disciplinary problems, and
foster higher achievement
motivation
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the theory proposed by each theory is very
effective in promoting a conducive atmosphere to learning.
The strategies suggested are very helpful in dealing with
the students misbehaviors. However, the teacher should
be aware that each student is different, thus the teacher
needs to modify or improves the techniques to make it
compatible with the students