Professional Documents
Culture Documents
MORNING
Submitted By:-
Vikram Pal
MBA
LEADERSHIP
Leadership is the process of influencing the behaviour of others to work
willingly and enthusiastically for achieving predetermined goals.
According to TERRY
“Leadership is essentially a continuous process of influencing
behaviour. A leader breaths life into the group and motivates it towards
goals. The lukewarm desires for achievement are transformed into a
burning passion for accomplishment.”
FEATURES OF LEADERSHIP
Motivating Employees
Creating Confidence
Building Morale
LEADERSHIP THEORIES
Various theories of leadership are:-
Trait Theory
Behavioural Theory
Situational Theory
Charismatic Leadership Theory
This theory is also known as Great Man Theory.
This theory accepted the fact that leadership traits are not completely
inborn but can also be acquired through learning and experience.
SITUATIONAL FACTORS
USE OF AUTHORITY BY
MANAGER
Superior see- Seldom gets Sometimes get Usually gets Always gets
-king involve Ideas and Ideas and Ideas and Ideas and
Ment with Opinions of Opinions and Opinions and Opinions
Subordinates. Subordinates inUsually tries to Usually tries to And always
Solving job Make constructiveMake constructiveTries to make
Problems. Use of them. Use of them. Constructive
Use of them.
Likert has also isolated three variable
which are representative of the total
concept of system 4. These are:-
(i)The use of supportative relationsip by
managers.
(ii)The use of group decision making
and group methods of supervision.
(iii)The high performance goals.
MANAGERIAL GRID:
It is developed by Blake and Mouton. They emphasis
that leadership style consists of factors of both task-
oriented and relation-oriented behaviour. Their
“concern for” phrase has been used to convey how
managers are concerned for people or production,
rather than ‘how much’ production getting out of
group. Concern for production shows the attitude of
superiors such as quality of decisions, procedures
and processes, creativeness of research, quality of
staff services etc. concern for people includes
degree of personal commitment toward goal
achievement, maintaining the self esteem of
workers responsibility based on trust, and satisfying
interpersonal relations.
HIGH 1,9 9,9
(COUNTRY (TEAM)
9 CLUB)
8
7 5,5
Concer 6 (MIDDLE
n 5 ROAD)
For 4
people 3
2
1,1 9,1
1
(IMPOVER- (TASK)
-ISHED)
LOW
LOW 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 HIGH
LOW HIGH
BUREAUCRATIC BENEVOLENT
AUTOCRAT
RELATED INTEGRATED
RO
SEPERATED DEDICATED
TO
LESS EFFECTIVE STYLES
DESERTER AUTOCRAT
TRIDIMENSIONAL GRID
BASIC STYLE LESS EFFECTIVE STYLE MORE EFFECTIVE STYLE
CELLS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
VERY VERY
FAVOURABLE UNFAVOURAB
INTERRELATIONSHIP
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STYLE AND
SITUATION
Fielder feels that the effectiveness of
leadership style depends on the situation.
FOR EXAMPLE:- he says that
“The group performance will be contingent
upon the appropriate matching of
leadership style and the degree of
favourableness of the group situation for
the leader, that is, the degree to which
the situation provides opportunities to the
leader to influence his group members”
STYLE OF
LEADERSHIP
TASK
DIRECTED O
HUMAN
RELATIONS
VERY + - VERY
FAVOURABLE FAVOURABLE 0 UNFAVO-UNFAVOURABLE
-RABLE