IPv6 in Mobile Wireless

Networking
Dana Blair
dblair@cisco.com
Presentation_ID

2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

IPv6 in Mobile Wireless

Networking

Dana Blair
dblair@cisco.com

Contributors
Steve Deering, Mark Denny, Dennis Clare,
Michael Ramalho, Greg Pelton, Ajay Mishra,
Prasanna Satarasinghe, Kittur Nagesh, Jim
Christy

NANOG 21

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Agenda

Current Cellular IP Connectivity

2.5 and 3G Cellular IP
IPv6 in 3G
Backbone Services for 2.5/3G

NANOG 21

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Agenda

Current Cellular IP Connectivity

NANOG 21

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Mobile Wireless Technologies

Cellular
GSM, TDMA, CDMA, W-CDMA

Wireless LAN - 802.11

Personal Area Networks (PAN)
Bluetooth, 802.15

Satellite
Public cellular operators have earliest need for IPv6

NANOG 21

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Wireless/Cellular/Mobile Challenge
Circuit Switched Cellular
2G

BTS

Base Station
Controller (BSCA,1)

Mobile Switching Center

(MSCA)

PSTN

BTS

BSCA,2

Voice Anchor
changes to BSCB
BTS

BSCB

This trunk is only

used when call
originates in BSCA,2

MSCB

Radio Control Functions

are in BSC
Selector Distribution Function
(a.k.a., multidiversity function)
is in BSC
MSC is a specialized Class 5 CO

3G architectures BACKHAUL IP the same way during a phone call!

NANOG 21

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Wireless/Cellular/Mobile Challenge
Packet Switch Networks - Migration
2G

MSC

BTS

BSC

PSTN

2.5G
GGSN/PDSN

Circuit/Signaling
Gateway

GPRS/PDSN
IP Network

Internet

Packet
Gateway

3G

IP Radio Access
Network (RAN)

IP
Mobility
Management

Radio
Network
Controller

NANOG 21

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Feature Servers

SDB
GPRS Backbone
IP Network Call Agent

Feature Servers

Agenda

2.5G and 3G Cellular

NANOG 21

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Cellular Standards

3GPP2 - www.3gpp2.org
Uses Mobile IP
Based in US
Developed TDMA/CDMA/IS-41 standards
Next Generation is 3GPP2 using CDMA2000 Radio technology
NANOG 21

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Overview of Mobile IPv4

rfc2002
CN

5.

4.

FA
1. and 2.
MN

NANOG 21

HA
3.

Internet

1. MN discovers Foreign Agent (FA)

2. MN obtains COA (FA - Care Of Address)
3. MN registers with FA which relays registration to HA
4. HA tunnels packets from CN to MN through FA
5. FA forwards packets from MN to CN or reverse tunnels
through HA (rfc3024)
2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

10

Cellular Standards

3GPP - www.3gpp.org
3GPP defined GTP IP tunneling protocol for
mobility.
Based in Europe
Developed GSM/GPRS standard
70% of mobile phones use GSM
Next Generation is UMTS using Wideband CDMA

NANOG 21

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

11

GPRS/UMTS Packet Services

MS

ATM RAN

SGSN

Local Part of
End-to-End
Network(s)
Gi, v4/v6

Local IP
Network
GN

GGSN

Internet

Edge Router(s)

Inter-PLMN
Network
Gp
Radius

NANOG 21

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

DHCP

DNS

12

Agenda

IPv6 in 3G Cellular

NANOG 21

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

13

Rationale Behind IPv6

IETF IPv6 (was NG) WG began in early 90 to handle addressing growth issues
IP everywheredata, voice, audio, video integration
Looking at few numbers...
~300 million mobile phone users in 1998, 1 billion by 2005
1 billion cars in 2010 with GPS and Yellow Page services
Worldwide deployment of Internet appliances

Emerging populations/geopolitical
China, India, Japan, Russia,
Internet in every school,

NANOG 21

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

14

3G Cellular requires IPV6

- Next Generation GSM standards require

IPv6 for Packet Services including VoIP.
- Next Generation Mobile Devices shall
exclusively support IPv6 for the connection
to packet services including VoIP.
www.3gpp.org - 3G TR 23.821

NANOG 21

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

15

Packet/VoIP 3GPP Architectural

Details
MRF/MP

Feature
Servers

Announcement
Server
(AS5400)

IM Subsystem

MS
v4/v6

IP RAN

SGSN
v4/v6

Unified
Messaging
(Uone)

CCSC
Sun Netra
(OptiCall)

MGW
PSTN-GW
(AS5850)

Local Part of
End-to-End
Network(s)
Gi, v4/v6

Local IP
Network
Gn, v4/v6

GGSN
v4/v6

SS
7
SS7

SGW
SS7 GW

PST
N

IPv6
Networ
k
Edge Router(s)
v4/v6
IPv4
Network

Inter-PLMN
Network
Gp, v4/v6
Radius

DHCP

DNS

Services v4/v6

Blue - v4/v6
Red - v4
Green -v6

NANOG 21

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

16

Overview of Mobile IPv6

draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-13.txt
CN

4.

3.
HA

1.
MN

2.

Internet

1. MN obtains IP address using stateless or stateful

autoconfiguration
2. MN registers with HA
3. HA tunnels packets from CN to MN
4. MN sends packets directly to CN or via tunnel to HA
Binding Update from MN to CN removes HA from path.
NANOG 21

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

17

Agenda

Backbone Services 2.5/3G

NANOG 21

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

18

BackBone Services

IPv4 transport
IPv6 transported in IPv4 or MPLS
NAT-PT for IPv6 <-> IPv4
Home Agent Services
Virtual Private Networking
NANOG 21

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

19

BackBone Services

QoS Services
DiffServ, Traffic Engineering,
draft-ietf-mpls-diff-ext-07.txt
draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-lsp-tunnel-07.txt

NANOG 21

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

20

QUESTIONS

???????

NANOG 21

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

21