Professional Documents
Culture Documents
University of Johannesburg
T. Makoelle
Discourses of inclusion
Full inclusion: typically children and those
perceived to be having additional needs
participate fully in an educational programme
that caters for all. This means inclusion focuses
on the transformation of school cultures and
pedagogic practice to enhance access, ensure
the acceptance of all and widen the participation
by all
Cluster inclusion: learners with additional needs
are catered for in an additional programme
alongside a mainstream programme
Discourses of inclusion
Social inclusion: learners with additional needs are
catered for in special settings and come together with
typically developing learners at times for social
experience (Kennedy, McLoughlin, Moore & Forster
2011)
Inclusive pedagogy
Inclusive pedagogy: totality of teaching, learning, beliefs
and attitudes to facilitating the process of knowing in
children
Characteristics of inclusive pedagogy
Emancipatory
Embraces differences
Seeks to empower
Non- judgmental
All learners can learn but differently
Characteristics of behavioristic
approach
Apply stimulus and response aimed at changing the behavior
of the learner
View human in a mechanistic way
Does not recognize the learners prior knowledge
Not culturally relevant
Teacher is in power (teacher-centred)
Ignore the context of learning
Pace driven
Does not take into account the voices of learners
Characteristics of constructivist
approach
Apply learning through discovery
View humans as constructing and reconstructing knowledge
recognize the learners prior knowledge, beliefs, atitudes and
conceptions about knowledge
culturally and socially relevant in approach
Equal share of power between learner and teacher (learner-centred)
context of learning is prioritized
Not Pace driven
takes into account the voices of learners
Characteristics
Apply learning through
discovery
View humans as
constructing and
reconstructing knowledge
recognize the learners
prior knowledge, beliefs,
attitudes and conceptions
about knowledge
culturally and socially
relevant in approach
Equal share of power
Methods
Methods are mostly
teacher-centred
Narrative/telling
Demonstration
Question and answer
Drill method
Experimental
Textbook method
Methods
Self-activity
Heuristic or problem
solving
Cooperative/
collaborative learning
Peer- tutoring
Group work
Group discussion
Project method
Programmed
Differentiation
Interactive teaching
Multiple
intelligence
Scaffolding
inductive