Chapter 1

AW101 Occupational Safety &

Health 1

Introduction To
Occupational Safety
and Health

Learning Outcomes

Understand the Occupational Safety and

Health

1. Define the
concepts
of OSHA

5. Classify types of
accident
Student must
be able to :
4. Describe the
major
safety
terminologies

2. Explain the
history
of OSHA
3. Explain the importance
of
safety in the W/place

What is OSHA?

Occupational Safety and

Health Administration
Responsible for worker safety
and health protection

1. Concept of OSHA
To prevent work-related injuries,
illnesses, and occupational fatality by
issuing and enforcing standards for
workplace safety and health

Concepts of OSHA
Accident prevention is an essential part of
good management and workmanship
Management and workers must cooperate
Top management must take the lead
A define and known safety and health policy
Organization and resources to achieve
policy
Best available knowledge and methods

Cont

The Occupational Safety and Health Act

1994 ( OSHA 1994), which is based on the
concept of self regulation places the
responsibility to ensure safety and health
of workers on those who create the risk .
As such , it is important that both
employer and employees undertake the
responsibility to provide a safe and healthy
workplace.

History of OSHA
Evolution of OSH Legislation in Malaysia
1844 British Legislation specific safety & health
Piecemeal legislation and regulations for example
transporting machinery on the train

1972 Lords Roben Committee of Inquiry

Robens Report on OSH
Factories and Machinery Act (139) in 1967
Part II Safety, Health and Welfare enforced 1970

Occupational Safety and Health Act (514) 1994

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2. HISTORY OF OCCUPATIONAL
SAFETY AND HEALTH
Act 514
Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994

Regulations under OSHA 1994

Occupational Safety and Health (Safety and Health Officer) Order 1997
cupational Safety and Health (Prohibition of Use of Substance) Order 199

Guidelines

Code of practice

Application of OSHA
Apply throughout Malaysia to the industries as follows (First Schedule )

Manufacturing;

Mining and Quarrying;

Construction;

Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing;

Utilities such as Electricity, Gas, Water and sanitary Services;

Transport, Storage and Communication;

Wholesale and Retail Trades;

Hotels and Restaurants;

Finance, Insurance, Real Estate and Business Services

Public Services and Statutory Authorities

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OSH LAWS IN MALAYSIA

1. Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 (OSHA
94)
2. Factories and Machinery Act 1967 (FMA 67)
3. Electricity Supply Act 1990 (ESA 90)
4. Environment Quality Act 1974 (EQA 74)
5. Employees Social Security Act (SOCSO)

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SCOPE OF OSHA 1994

Includes
ALL WORKING
PERSONS
Except
ARMED FORCES
PERSONNEL
And
CREW OF
MERCHANT SHIPS

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3. Importance of Safety in the Workplace

1. Improve productivity when the employees feel
safe at work, they can give their best of their
potential work.
2. Protects employees and employer from death or
injury.
3. Teaches workers how to work in a safe
environment.
4. Teaches workers to pay attention to their
surroundings.
5. Prevents companies from law suits.
6. Keeps everyone feel safe and happy!!
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3. Importance of Safety in the Workplace

1. Meningkatkan produktiviti - apabila pekerja
berasa selamat di tempat kerja, mereka
boleh memberikan yang terbaik mereka
kerja potensi mereka.
2. Melindungi pekerja dan majikan dari
kematian atau kecederaan.
3. Mengajar pekerja bagaimana untuk bekerja
dalam persekitaran yang selamat.
4. Mengajar pekerja untuk memberi perhatian
kepada persekitaran mereka.
5. Menghalang syarikat daripada guaman
undang-undang.
6. Memastikan semua orang merasa selamat
dan gembira!!
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Major Safety Terminology

Safety: The condition of being safe; freedom from danger,

risk, or injury.
Accident: An unplanned unexpected event which may
result in loss, injury, or damages.
Danger: A state of condition in which personal injury
and/or asset damage is reasonably foreseeable.
First Aid: The skilled application of accepted principles of
treatment on the occurrence of an accident using facilities
or material available at the time.
Hazard: a situation which poses a level of threat to life,
health, property or environment.
Near Miss: An incident which does not show a visible
result, but had a potential to do so.
Risk Assessment: A process where hazards are identified
and risks evaluated, with the objective of eliminating or
reducing the risks as low as is reasonably practicable.

Major Safety Terminology

Keselamatan: keadaan yang selamat; kebebasan dari bahaya,

risiko, atau kecederaan.
Kemalangan: Suatu acara yang tidak dirancang yang tidak dijangka
yang mungkin menyebabkan kerugian, kecederaan atau kerosakan.
Bahaya: A menyatakan keadaan di mana kecederaan peribadi dan /
atau kerosakan aset boleh diteka secara munasabah.
Pertolongan Cemas: Permohonan mahir prinsip-prinsip yang
diterima rawatan apabila berlaku kemalangan yang menggunakan
kemudahan atau bahan-bahan yang terdapat pada bila-bila masa.
Bahaya: situasi yang menimbulkan tahap ancaman kepada nyawa,
kesihatan, harta, atau alam sekitar.
Berhampiran Miss: satu insiden yang tidak menunjukkan hasil
yang dapat dilihat, tetapi mempunyai potensi untuk berbuat
demikian.
Penilaian Risiko: Satu proses di mana bahaya dikenal pasti dan
risiko yang dinilai, dengan tujuan untuk menghapuskan atau
mengurangkan risiko serendah yang semunasabahnya dapat
dilaksanakan.

Pearson Triangle Effect

1
Serious
Accident
2
Lost time, losses
3
First aid, rescue
4
Property damage, home loss, income
loss
5
Near misses out there

Types Of Accident

FINISH ..
CHAPTER 1

TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE

OSHA Coverage Activity

Covered by
OSHA?

Worker

YES

NO

1. Harry Adams, a miner at Below Ground

Inc.

YES

NO

2. Adrian Smith, one of 3 employees of

ABC landscaping.

YES

NO

3. Taylor Dell, an accountant in business

for herself.

YES

NO

4. Rob Jones, one of 10 carpenters

working for Woody, Inc.

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