CURRICULUM CHANGE

AND INNOVATION

CHANGE VS. INNOVATION

CHANGE embraces the concepts of

innovation, development, renewal and
improvement of a curriculum.
It is dictated by the changes in the economic,
social and technological aspects of society.

INNOVATION is an intentional and deliberate

process to bring out desired effects and
change.

Curriculum Innovation
Is any improvement that is deliberate,
measurable, durable and unlikely to occur
frequently.
It is the criterion, selection, organization, and
utilization of human and material resources
in ways that result in higher achievement or
curriculum goals and objectives.

Types of Curriculum
Change
1. Hardware types
Physical development and material
acquisition
2. Software types
- Content and delivery changes

Forms of Curriculum
Change
1.

2.

3.
4.

Substitution - one element replaces

another.
Alteration change in existing structures
rather than a complete replacement.
Addition introducing a new component.
Restructuring rearrangement of the
curriculum in order to implement desired
changes.

Strategies of Curriculum
Change and Innovation
Participative Problem-solving
- Needs assessment and finding solution by the
users. local initiative
Planned Linkage
- Collaboration of other agencies to bring
together the users of innovation.
Coercive Strategies

Operates on the basis of power and coercion

Open Input Strategies
- Open, flexible, and creative approaches.

Models for Curriculum Change

and Innovation
The Research, Development and
Diffusion Model
Innovation is the center of the system.
Processes of change is made of rational
sequence of phases namely:
1. Invented or discovered
2. Developed
3. Produced, and
4. Disseminated to the user

Problem-Solving Model
The user is the center of the process, who
follows the following steps:
1. Determine the problem
2. Search for innovation
3. Evaluate the trials
4. Implement the innovation

Social Interaction Model

-Change proceeds through informal or formal
contacts between interacting social groups
which will be based on the following:

Awareness of innovation
Interest in the innovation
Trial
Adoption for permanent use

Planning and Executing

Change
In order for change to implemented, a
process has to take place. It involves four
factors namely:
The Change agent
The Innovation
The user system
Time

Innovation Process
Steps:
1. Identify the problem, dissatisfaction or
need that requires attention.
2. Generate possible solutions to the
identified problem
3. Select a particular solution or innovation
that has been identified as the most
appropriate.
4. Conduct a Trial

Innovation Process
(contd..)
5.
6.
7.

8.

Evaluate the proposed solution.

Review the evaluation
If the innovation has solved the identified
problem, implement it on a wide scale.
Adopt and institutionalize the innovation
or search for another solution.

Innovation planning
Elements to consider:
1. The personnel to be employed
2. Specification of the actual task
3. The strategy or procedure
4. Equipment needed
5. Buildings and conducive environment
6. Costs
7. Social context
8. Time
9. Sequencing of activities
10. Rational for undertaking the innovation
11. Evaluation of the consequences or effects of innovation

Conditions for successful

implementation of Innovation
1.
2.
3.

4.
5.
6.

It must be relevant
It must be feasible
It must be compatible with values and
characteristics of the existing system
It must be tolerable and non-threatening
It must yield benefits
If must be flexible and adaptable.