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    Experimental investigation of compressive properties & evaluation of failure modes in FRP composites I) ABSTRACT: Composite construction is of particular interest and widely used, because the concept is very suitable and amenable to the development of lightweight structures with high in-plane and flexural stiffness. Composite panels consist typically of two or more constituents, which are soluble in each other. The overall performance of composite structures depends on the material properties of the constituents (facings, adhesive, and core), geometric dimensions and type of loading. Composite panels under compression and in-plane loading display various failure modes. Failure modes and their initiation can be predicted by conducting a thorough stress analysis and applying appropriate failure criteria in the critical regions of the panels including three-dimensional effects. This analysis is difficult because of the nonlinear and inelastic behavior of the constituent materials and the complex interactions of failure modes. For this reason, properly designed and carefully conducted experiments are important in elucidating the physical phenomena and helping the analysis. In the present work, an experimental investigation will be conducted on failure modes during compressive load for their occurrence in composite specimens. The initiation of the various failure modes depends on the material properties of the constituents, geometric dimensions, and type of loading. The loading type or condition determines the state of stress throughout the composite structure, which controls the location and mode of failure. The specimens will be made of bi-woven glass epoxy and graphite–epoxy laminates. The failure envelopes were developed for general two-dimensional states of stress. Composite specimens will be loaded under compression & failure modes will be observed and compared with available literature. The failure modes to be investigated are compressive failure, adhesive bond failure, indentation failure, and facing wrinkling. The compressive strength & compressive modulus will also be estimated for both types of composite specimens. The transition from one failure mode to another for varying loading or state of stress will be discussed. Experimental results obtained will be correlated with analytical predictions. KEY WORDS: Composite structures, failure modes, face wrinkling, debonding II) Objectives The primary objectives are • To prepare composite specimens with different fibers. • To perform compression test in determining the compressive strength and compression modulus. • To assess the failure modes of composite laminates due to compression. • Design changes can also be evaluated by using compressive strength and compression modulus. • To evaluate the compressive properties for different composite specimens which are very vital for various design applications. III) Methodology a) Literature Survey b) Preparation of Laminates with different fibers. c) Compression testing of composite laminates as per ASTM Standards d) Evaluation compressive properties. e) Interpretation of the results f) Conclusions. IV) References 1. ASTM D3410 / D3410M - 03(2008) Standard Test Method for Compressive Properties of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials with Unsupported Gage Section by Shear Loading. 2. S.J. Kim and S.H. Chang, “The relation between compressive strength of carbon/epoxy fabrics and micro-tow geometry with various bias angles”, Structures Volume, September 2006, Pages 400-407 3. N. K. Naik, and R. Ramasimha, “Estimation of compressive strength of delaminated composites”, Composite Structures Volume 52, Issue 2, May 2001, Pages 199-204. 4. Yasuhide Shindo, , Hitoshi Tokairin et.al, “Compression behavior of glass-cloth/epoxy laminates at cryogenic temperatures”, Cryogenics Volume 39, Issue 10, 12 October 1999, Pages 821-827 5. M. F. S. F. de Moura, et.al, “Prediction of compres

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    Experimental investigation of compressive properties & evaluation of failure modes in FRP composites I) ABSTRACT: Composite construction is of particular interest and widely used, because the concept is very suitable and amenable to the development of lightweight structures with high in-plane and flexural stiffness. Composite panels consist typically of two or more constituents, which are soluble in each other. The overall performance of composite structures depends on the material properties of the constituents (facings, adhesive, and core), geometric dimensions and type of loading. Composite panels under compression and in-plane loading display various failure modes. Failure modes and their initiation can be predicted by conducting a thorough stress analysis and applying appropriate failure criteria in the critical regions of the panels including three-dimensional effects. This analysis is difficult because of the nonlinear and inelastic behavior of the constituent materials and the complex interactions of failure modes. For this reason, properly designed and carefully conducted experiments are important in elucidating the physical phenomena and helping the analysis. In the present work, an experimental investigation will be conducted on failure modes during compressive load for their occurrence in composite specimens. The initiation of the various failure modes depends on the material properties of the constituents, geometric dimensions, and type of loading. The loading type or condition determines the state of stress throughout the composite structure, which controls the location and mode of failure. The specimens will be made of bi-woven glass epoxy and graphite–epoxy laminates. The failure envelopes were developed for general two-dimensional states of stress. Composite specimens will be loaded under compression & failure modes will be observed and compared with available literature. The failure modes to be investigated are compressive failure, adhesive bond failure, indentation failure, and facing wrinkling. The compressive strength & compressive modulus will also be estimated for both types of composite specimens. The transition from one failure mode to another for varying loading or state of stress will be discussed. Experimental results obtained will be correlated with analytical predictions. KEY WORDS: Composite structures, failure modes, face wrinkling, debonding II) Objectives The primary objectives are • To prepare composite specimens with different fibers. • To perform compression test in determining the compressive strength and compression modulus. • To assess the failure modes of composite laminates due to compression. • Design changes can also be evaluated by using compressive strength and compression modulus. • To evaluate the compressive properties for different composite specimens which are very vital for various design applications. III) Methodology a) Literature Survey b) Preparation of Laminates with different fibers. c) Compression testing of composite laminates as per ASTM Standards d) Evaluation compressive properties. e) Interpretation of the results f) Conclusions. IV) References 1. ASTM D3410 / D3410M - 03(2008) Standard Test Method for Compressive Properties of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials with Unsupported Gage Section by Shear Loading. 2. S.J. Kim and S.H. Chang, “The relation between compressive strength of carbon/epoxy fabrics and micro-tow geometry with various bias angles”, Structures Volume, September 2006, Pages 400-407 3. N. K. Naik, and R. Ramasimha, “Estimation of compressive strength of delaminated composites”, Composite Structures Volume 52, Issue 2, May 2001, Pages 199-204. 4. Yasuhide Shindo, , Hitoshi Tokairin et.al, “Compression behavior of glass-cloth/epoxy laminates at cryogenic temperatures”, Cryogenics Volume 39, Issue 10, 12 October 1999, Pages 821-827 5. M. F. S. F. de Moura, et.al, “Prediction of compres

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    Experimental Investigation of Compressive Properties & Evaluation of

    Uploaded by

    Avinash Gowda
    Experimental investigation of compressive properties & evaluation of failure modes in FRP composites I) ABSTRACT: Composite construction is of particular interest and widely used, because the concept is very suitable and amenable to the development of lightweight structures with high in-plane and flexural stiffness. Composite panels consist typically of two or more constituents, which are soluble in each other. The overall performance of composite structures depends on the material properties of the constituents (facings, adhesive, and core), geometric dimensions and type of loading. Composite panels under compression and in-plane loading display various failure modes. Failure modes and their initiation can be predicted by conducting a thorough stress analysis and applying appropriate failure criteria in the critical regions of the panels including three-dimensional effects. This analysis is difficult because of the nonlinear and inelastic behavior of the constituent materials and the complex interactions of failure modes. For this reason, properly designed and carefully conducted experiments are important in elucidating the physical phenomena and helping the analysis. In the present work, an experimental investigation will be conducted on failure modes during compressive load for their occurrence in composite specimens. The initiation of the various failure modes depends on the material properties of the constituents, geometric dimensions, and type of loading. The loading type or condition determines the state of stress throughout the composite structure, which controls the location and mode of failure. The specimens will be made of bi-woven glass epoxy and graphite–epoxy laminates. The failure envelopes were developed for general two-dimensional states of stress. Composite specimens will be loaded under compression & failure modes will be observed and compared with available literature. The failure modes to be investigated are compressive failure, adhesive bond failure, indentation failure, and facing wrinkling. The compressive strength & compressive modulus will also be estimated for both types of composite specimens. The transition from one failure mode to another for varying loading or state of stress will be discussed. Experimental results obtained will be correlated with analytical predictions. KEY WORDS: Composite structures, failure modes, face wrinkling, debonding II) Objectives The primary objectives are • To prepare composite specimens with different fibers. • To perform compression test in determining the compressive strength and compression modulus. • To assess the failure modes of composite laminates due to compression. • Design changes can also be evaluated by using compressive strength and compression modulus. • To evaluate the compressive properties for different composite specimens which are very vital for various design applications. III) Methodology a) Literature Survey b) Preparation of Laminates with different fibers. c) Compression testing of composite laminates as per ASTM Standards d) Evaluation compressive properties. e) Interpretation of the results f) Conclusions. IV) References 1. ASTM D3410 / D3410M - 03(2008) Standard Test Method for Compressive Properties of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials with Unsupported Gage Section by Shear Loading. 2. S.J. Kim and S.H. Chang, “The relation between compressive strength of carbon/epoxy fabrics and micro-tow geometry with various bias angles”, Structures Volume, September 2006, Pages 400-407 3. N. K. Naik, and R. Ramasimha, “Estimation of compressive strength of delaminated composites”, Composite Structures Volume 52, Issue 2, May 2001, Pages 199-204. 4. Yasuhide Shindo, , Hitoshi Tokairin et.al, “Compression behavior of glass-cloth/epoxy laminates at cryogenic temperatures”, Cryogenics Volume 39, Issue 10, 12 October 1999, Pages 821-827 5. M. F. S. F. de Moura, et.al, “Prediction of compres

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    of 11

    Experimental investigation of compressive

    properties & evaluation of failure modes in FRP


    composites

    By
    Ravi kumar R
    haranappa koodi

    Objectives

    To prepare composite specimens with different fibers.

    To perform compression test in determining the compressive


    strength and compression modulus.

    To assess the failure modes of composite laminates due to


    compression.

    Design changes can also be evaluated by using compressive


    strength and compression modulus.

    To evaluate the compressive properties for different composite


    specimens which are very vital for various design applications.

    Preparation of specimen by HAND


    LAY-UP process

    Specimen used and dimensions


    Bi-woven glass epoxy laminates
    Graphite epoxy laminates
    Dimensions and thickness of cut and
    orientation
    150*150mm
    2mm and 4 mm
    0 and 90 degree

    Mode of failures
    Initiation of the various failure modes
    depends on
    1.The material properties of the constituents
    2.Geometric dimensions,
    3.Type of loading. The loading type or
    condition determines the state of stress
    throughout the composite structure, which
    controls the location and mode of failure

    Loading type failure


    The loading type or condition determines
    the state of stress throughout the
    composite structure, which controls the
    location and mode of failure
    Failure envelopes were developed for
    general two-dimensional states of stress
    The failure modes to be investigated are
    compressive failure, adhesive bond failure,
    indentation failure, and facing wrinkling

    FEM analysis
    We determine the compressive properties
    of the FRP composite by using ANSYIS
    and FEM PRO.

    Applications

    Automobile sector
    Construction field
    Medical field
    Recreation
    Marine field
    Sports goods
    Electrical and electronic industries

    Methodology

    a) Literature Survey
    b) Preparation of Laminates with different fibers.
    c) Compression testing of composite laminates
    as per ASTM Standards
    d) Evaluation compressive properties.
    e) Interpretation of the results
    f) Conclusions.

    References

    1. ASTM D3410 / D3410M - 03(2008) Standard Test Method for Compressive


    Properties of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials with Unsupported Gage Section by
    Shear Loading.

    2. S.J. Kim and S.H. Chang, The relation between compressive strength of
    carbon/epoxy fabrics and micro-tow geometry with various bias angles, Structures
    Volume, September 2006, Pages 400-407

    3. N. K. Naik, and R. Ramasimha, Estimation of compressive strength of


    delaminated composites, Composite Structures Volume 52, Issue 2, May 2001,
    Pages 199-204.

    4. Yasuhide Shindo, , Hitoshi Tokairin et.al, Compression behavior of glasscloth/epoxy laminates at cryogenic temperatures, Cryogenics Volume 39, Issue 10,
    12 October 1999, Pages 821-827

    5. M. F. S. F. de Moura, et.al, Prediction of compressive strength of carbonepoxy


    laminates containing delamination by using a mixed-mode damage model,
    Composite Structures Volume 50, Issue 2, October 2000, Pages 151-157. under
    your organization's agreement with Elsevier.

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