Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Alexandria University
Civil Engineering
Structural Department
Lightweight Aggregate
Concrete
Literature Review
Satisfactory durability.
Sound insulation.
Cheaper unit cost of transport.
Disadvantages of lightweight
concretes
No-Fines concrete
Aerated concrete
Lightweight Aggregate concrete
Classification of Lightweight
Aggregate Concrete
According to the ACI 213 there are
three types:
Classification of Lightweight
Concrete
Lightweight Aggregates
Lightweight aggregate (LWA) can be
divided in two categories:
Naturally and are ready to use only
with mechanical treatment, i.e.,
crushing and sieving.
Produced by thermal treatment from
either naturally occurring materials
or from industrial by-products, waste
materials, etc.
Production Processes of
Lightweight Aggregates
Rotary Kiln
Sintered Strand
Vertical Shaft Kiln
Rotary Kiln
Properties of Lightweight
Aggregates
Unit Weight
Absorption
Bulk Specific Gravity
Particle Shape and Surface Texture
Bulk Specific
Water Absorption by
%Weight
Pumice
1.25 - 1.65
880 - 480
30 20
1.15 - 2.2
1200 - 400
15 - 8
Expanded Perlite
0.7 - 1.05
160 ~
30 - 10
Expanded Vermiculite
0.85 - 1.05
160 ~
30 - 10
Expanded Clay
1.1 - 2.1
960 - 560
15 - 2
~ 1.7
770 - 590
24 - 14
Saw Dust
0.35 - 0.6
320 - 128
35 - 10
Polystyrene Foam
0.05
20 - 10
50 ~
Precautions in Manufacture of
Lightweight Concrete
8.
Compressive Strength
Density
Modulus of Elasticity
Tensile and Flexural Strength
Effect of sand replacement
Elastic compatibility
Drying Shrinkage
Creep
9.
Thermal Conductivity
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Compressive Strength
Density
Modulus of Elasticity
Elastic compatibility
Drying Shrinkage
Creep
Thermal Conductivity
Durability
Permeability
Normal weight Concrete
Lightweight concrete
Stiffness of
Aggregates
relatively low
Microcracks
Frequency
Infiltration
of
water
Size of
Aggregates
Water
Cement
ratio
Fire Resistance
FIRE TEST
1.
2.
3.
4.
specimens
Conclusion
Chemical Exposure
Acid Resistance
Carbonation and Corrosion
Chloride Ion Penetration
Sulphate resistance
Acid Resistance
1.
2.
3.
(akaganite).
Leaching of salt increases the porosity and
permeability of concrete and weakens the bond
between the aggregate and the cement paste.
Sulphate Resistance
materials
CEMENT
Fine
aggregate
Coarse
aggregate
Silica fume
water
admixture
steel
CEMENT
Fine Leca
SAND
Coarse aggregate
Silica fume
Foam
We used it as a percentage of
10,20,30and 40% of the mix vol.
ADMIXTURES
C C.L F .L S W A
Where:
C = wt. of cement
C.L = wt. of coarse leca
F.L = wt. of fine leca
S = wt. of sand
W = wt. of water
A = wt of adm.
Y= unit wt.
2. Volumetric method
C
S
W
Foam 1.0
G.c G.s G.w
Where:
C = wt. of cement
S = wt. of sand
W = wt. of water
F = Foam = volume of foam used in
cement content
Experimental Program
Lightweight Concrete
Group 1 cement
content= 300
Group 2 cement
content= 350
Group 3 cement
content= 400
Group 4 cement
content= 450
Mixes
Sand 0%
Sand % 20
Sand % 40
Sand % 60
Sand % 80
Sand % 100
Fine % 100
Leca
Fine % 80
Leca
Fine % 60
Leca
Fine % 40
Leca
Fine % 20
Leca
Fine % 0
Leca
Silica 15%
Fume
Replacement
100%
Cement
100%
Cement
Foam
Silica 15%
Fume
Replacement
Tests
Compressive
strength
days 7
days 28
Indirect
tensile
strength
Bond
strength
Flexural
strength
Modulus of
elasticity
Thermal
properties
Shrinkage
Properties of LWAC
Fresh Concrete:
Hardened Concrete:
Introduction
Slump
The slump value for the different concrete mixes has an average of 11cm.
This was achieved by adding the 1.25% dosage of the super plasticizer.
Compressive strength
Effect of sand replacement
The increase of sand replacement increase the cube compressive strength.
Flexural strength
Effect of sand replacement
Flexural strength increases with increase of sand replacement percentage
Bond Strength
Effect of sand replacement
The bond strength increases with increase of sand replacement percentage
Modulus of Elasticity
Shrinkage Drying
Conclusion
We have found some results &conclusions regarding all
the experimental work done
Conclusion