By

Dr.Amer Shaier

Studying the oil sorption of

an agriculture waste as a
sorbent material in
simulated field conditions
to examine the possibility
of its use in oil spill cleanup.

Operational

failures
Loading, discharging,
bunkering
Accidents
Collision
Structural damages
Fires & explosions
Intentional dumping of oil
Waste crude oil being

When oil is spilled into a marine

environment, it is subject to several
processes including spreading, drifting,
evaporation, dissolution, photolysis,
biodegradation and formation of wateroil
emulsions. Oil spreading is likely to occur,
especially if the sea surface is still. In the
peculiar environment of rivers, pollutants
are driven along the stream. In open seas
or in harbors, the consequences of
pollutants are often severe because of
the action of local or tidal currents

The effectof oil spill

It has human
effect.
It affects the
marine life.

The effect of oil spill

Whenever oil is explored, transported and

stored and its derivatives are used there
is risk of spillage with the potential to
cause significant environmental impact.
Pollution by petroleum oils affects sea life
economy, tourism and leisure activities
because of the coating properties of these
materials. Oil spills harm the beauty of
polluted sites, the strong odor can be felt
miles away and the excessive growth of
green algae alters sea color and the

CLEAN-UP TECHNIQUES ON
WATER
Clean-up techniques on water are
essentially either mechanical techniques
and/or chemical treatments. Leave alone
action can also be considered, as a
method of clean-up.

Physical Methods
In-situ burning
It has Bad impact effects on

Health and environmental

Mechanical Methods
Limitations & principle.

Floating booms for the collection of oil or

prevention of oil spreading come in a wide range
of shapes and sizes. In spite of this

booms will not operate properly when

waves are higher than one meter or
currents are moving faster than one
knot per hour

Chemical Methods
Limitations & principle.
Dispersants
Oil spill dispersants are a mixture of surface-active
materials in one or more solvents chosen to cope with
requirements. They used to:
Decrease the interfacial tension between the oil and
the water.
Enhance the dispersion of the oil into fine droplets on
the water surface and in the water column.
Prevent coalescence of oil droplets after dispersion.
Rapidly disperse the oil mainly on the water surface
and partly in the water column, quickly lowering the oil
concentration.
Enhance the biodegradation processes.

Sorbent definition .

Sorbents are insoluble

materials or mixtures
of materials used to recover
liquids through

haracteristics of sorbents
Performance
characteristics.
Operational
characteristics.

Performance characteristics
.Reusable

&Oleophilic
Buoyant
. hydrophobic
High sorption
.capacity
High retention
Surface
area
capacity
Rate of
. sorption

Operational characteristics
Cost

.Disposal

.Supply

Good performan
characteristics

Types of sorbents.
a.Natural inorganic
sorbents .
b.Synthetic
polymeric sorbent.
c.Natural organic

Experimental work

The objective
of
this
work
is
Aim of work
to
efficient,
The provide
main goalan
in this
work
easily
deployable
method
is not
only to provide
anof
cleaning up oilacceptable
spills and
environmentally
recovering
the oil,
method of of
cleaning
up itoilis
important
to also
provide
a safe
spills but
to get
an
system
for oil removal
and
applicable
technique,
recovery.
which allows its recovery.

Raw materials

1- Crude oil prepared

by weathering.
2Agriculture waste

ASTM, 1999 F726-99: Standard Test

Method for Sorbent Performance of
Adsorbents,
vol. 11.04, American Society of Testing
and Materials, Philadelphia, PA,

Procedure

1- Put 500 ml artificial sea

water & 40 ml of
weathered
oil. of sorbent on t
2- Spread 1gm
leave to sorbe under simulated
3- Calculate the sorption
capacity.

Treatment (carbonization)
Aim of work
To improve the
oleophilic &
hydrophobic

Procedure

2.
Put
crushed
1.Crush
the
pith bagasse
to t
3.
Heatthe
the
tube
in pith
the
bagasse
in a steles
steel
muffle furnace
to various
tube
temperatures ranging
from 200-600 C and
maintained at the
selected temperature for
different periods of time
ranging from 1-3 hours

Effect on sorption time

1. Sorption time

2. Desorption time

Time in min

3. Weight of sorbent

Weight of sorbent

5. Comparison between
the Prepared Carbonized
bagasse and the
Commercial Sorbents.

The present results reveal that

the use of carbonized pith
bagasse packed into a
nonwoven polypropylene bag
is found to be effective in
recovering different kind of oil
spilled on water.

The following deductions were

proved:Comparative
studies
with
asorbed
commercial
The
recovery
of
heavy
oils
into
The
carbonized
pith
bagasse
in
the
sorbent material
(Adsorbe-IT
carbonized
pith bagasse
was filtration
performed
form
ofOil-only
a pad sorbent)
studied demonstrated
is an excellent
fabric,
using filtration under mild suction at room
sorbent
for
oils,
and
under
simulated
various
advantages
of
the
carbonized
pith.
temperature, which seems to be a more
field
conditions
(artificial
water
with
The carbonized
bagasse
has a greater
practical
processpith
because
carbonized
pith
sorption
capacity
for oils and
inexpensive.
oil
layer).
bagasse
can
be recovered
without
serious
disruption of its characteristically bulky
Based
on
the
total
results
obtained
the
pad
The
morphology
for
8
times.
However,
the
holding capacity of the pad was
containing
carbonized
pith
bagasse
can be
sorption
capacity
was
found
to
decrease
found good for the different kind of oil
usedits
as recycling.
sorbent for oil spill cleanup.
with
which means that the pad can be left