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PROPERTIES
Stress = F/A
where F is the applied force
A the cross-sectional area
A stress resisting a compressive force is
referred to as a compressive stress and
that resisting a tensile force a tensile
stress.
When a cylinder of a
brittle material is
compressed across a
diameter, a tensile stress
is set up in the specimen,
the value of the stress
being given by
Stress = 2F
DT
A diametral compressive
tensile test is commonly used
when conventional tensile
testing is difficult to carry out
due to the brittle nature of the
test material.
Stress-strain relationship:
Stress and strain are not independent
and unrelated properties, but are
closely related.
The application of an external force,
producing a stress within a material,
results in a change in dimension or
strain within the body.
Stress
Modulus of elasticity =
Strain
Fatigue properties:
Many materials which are used as
restoratives or dental prostheses are
subjected to intermittent stresses over
a long period of time.
The stresses encountered may be far
too small to cause fracture of a
material.
Abrasion resistance:
Wear can occur by one or more of a
number of mechanisms.
Wear caused by indenting and
scratching of the surface by abrasive
wear .
Rheological properties
Rheology is the study of the flow or
deformation of materials.
A study of the rheological properties of
liquids and pastes normally involves the
measurement of viscosity.
Viscosity () is given by the equation:
Shear stress ()
Shear rate (E)