MATA KULIAH PILIHAN PADA SEMESTER GANJIL 2012

UNIL
A

PROSES PEMESINAN DAN MESIN PERKAKAS

DR. GUSRI AKHYAR IBRAHIM

JURUSAN TEKNIK MESIN

FAKULTAS TEKNIK UNIVERSITAS LAMPUNG
2011

Contents
General-Purpose Machine Tool
1.

Turning (turning operation, metal cutting lathe)

2.

Milling (milling operation, operation by milling, types of milling)

3.

Drilling ( drilling operation, radial drilling, horizontal drilling)

4.

Grinding (grinding process, surface grinding, grinding wheel)

Numerical control and CNC Technology

1.

Coordinate system

2.

Zero point location

3.

Machine movement in NC system

4.

Numerical control machine tools

5.

Programming

6.

CAD-CAM

Contents
Environmental friendly machine tools and operation for
traditional machining
1.

Cutting fluids (classification, selection and evaluation)

2.

Hazard cutting fluid (health, environmental, safety)

3.

Using cutting fluids (flooded, mist-cooling, air cooling, cryogenic)

4.

Grinding (grinding process, surface grinding, grinding wheel)

Non traditional machining

1.

Electro Discharge Machining

2.

Laser Beam Machining

3.

Ultrasonic Machining

4.

Abrasive Jet Machining

Contents
Cutting tools wear failure
1.

Types of cutting tools

2.

Wear on cutting tool (ISO standard)

3.

Wear analysis

4.

Development of cutting tools

Contents
Surface Integrity after machining
1.

Surface roughness

2.

Surface Texture

3.

Surface hardness

4.

Microstructure of machine surface

5.

Surface alteration

Cutting temperature
Thermal Energy in cutting
Experimental techniques
Analytical approach

Classification of machining process based on product

Klasifikasi
pemesinan
pelumas:

berdasarkan

penggunaan

1. Pemesian melimpah (flooded)

Air (water based)
Minyak (oil based)
2. Pemesinan kering (dry)
Udara normal
Udara dingin (air cooling)
3. Pemesinan Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL)
4. Pemesinan Liquid Nitrogen (LN2)
5.

Objectives of machining:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Membuang bahan dari benda kerja

Membuat komponen
Mendapatkan bentuk yang presisi
Akurasi
Waktu pemotongan pendek
Umur pahat panjang
Kualitas komponen yang tinggi
Biaya produksi rendah
Ramah terhadap lingkungan

Rusia, Korea, Taiwan, India.

Jepang is the most successfully commersialized and
exported technology

Turning (Lathe machine)

Proses pemotong yang menggunakan satu titik perkakas yang memotong bahan kerja
pada permukaan yang berputar dengan melibatkan; kecepatan potong, v (m/min);
kadar suapan, f (mm/rev); dalam pemotongan, d (mm). Biasanya dalam pemotongan
(d) paling kurang 5 kali kadar suapan (mm/rev) (Shaw, 2005).

Component Description

CNC LATHE
Advantages:
Dapat
dikontrol
Program
Connected to
software
CSS
HSM
Stabilitas

Parameter:
Kecepatan
potong
Kadar suapan
Dalam
pemotongan
Pahat pemotong
Benda kerja
RPM

Lathe Operations

Cutting time

L
Tm
fr

atau

LDo
Tm
vf

Cutting Tools
Term of cutting tool
Flank/ rusuk
Crater/kawah
Nose radius/ jejari
hidung
Hujung potong

Right hand or
Left hand

Three jaw chuck

- For holding
cylindrical stock
centered.
- For facing/center
drilling the end of your
aluminum stock
Four-Jaw Chuck
- This is independent
chuck generally has four
jaws , which are
adjusted individually on
the chuck face by means
of adjusting screws

Problem -1
A mild steel rod having 50 mm diameter and 500 mm length is to be
turned on a lathe. Determine the machining time to reduce the rod to 45
mm in one pass when cutting speed is 30 m/min and a feed of 0.7
mm/rev is used.

Solution
Given data: D = 50 mm, Lj = 500 mm
v = 30 m/min, f = 0.7 mm/rev
Substituting the values of v and D in
V = DN/1000 M/min

Required spindle speed as: N = 191 rpm

Milling

Bisa terdiri dari lebih daripada satu insert

Pahat yang berputar
terdiri daripada 2 aksis
biasanya bahan kerja tidak berbentuk bulat/silinder

Jenis pemesinan Milling

Up-milling

Down-milling

Tool
holder
inserts
serpihan
Bahan
kerja

DRILLING