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Tense of Passive
Sentences
The tense of the passive sentence is determined by the
auxiliary be (the verb is always Past Participle!)
Past Simple
Present Simple
Future Simple
Past Perfect
Present Perfect
Future Perfect
Past
Progressive
1. John is smoking a
cigar.
2. Sam hit Bill.
3. Jane was reading a
book.
4. Sue will watch a
movie.
5. Bill likes Mary.
A cigar is being
smoked.
Bill was hit.
A book was being
read.
A movie will be
watched.
Mary is liked.
Fun was had.
verb; 1
2
NP NP
Remember the
kiss (passive): verb; 1
(2) By- Phrase
NP PP is optional!
2. Jane was kissed by Sam.
When theres no
(2) By-Phrase the
sentence is a
verb;
1
NP
2
NP
(2)
NP PP
Convert to Truncated
Passives
Active or Passive?
1. They bought the house by the railroad tracks.
2. Their daughter had been selected for that honor.
3. Mary was enjoying the cake by herself.
4. The monument is being designed by a known
sculptor.
5. Billy was staying at that hotel by the beach.
6. The milk was once delivered every morning.
7. The population of N.Y has increased by a million.
8. The judge has been detained by his clerk.
9. The door will be locked by the night custodian.
10. The investigator was walking by the courtroom.
Subjects
Note what the book says about Subjects of
passives:
Subjects
Two important properties of Subjects are:
I. Only subject pronouns can be subjects
1. I repaired this computer.
2. This computer was repaired by me.
me cannot be the subject of sentence 2.
II. Only the Subject agrees with the verb
1. They like
cake.
2. He likes
3. Cake is liked by
them.
4. Cake is liked by me.
5. Cakes are
Homework
Read and do all the
exercises of lesson 52
Watch out for quick-tip
52.2
The Auxiliary do
1. John loves basketball.
2. Does John love basketball?
If there is no auxiliary, we add the auxiliary
do.
Aux. do requires the verb that follows it to
be in the Base Form!
Aux. do determines the tense of the
sentence:
do / does Present simple
did Past simple
The Auxiliary do
1. John loves basketball.
2. John Does not love basketball.
If there is no auxiliary, we add the auxiliary
do.
Aux. do requires the verb that follows it to
be in the Base Form!
Aux. do determines the tense of the
sentence:
do / does Present simple
did Past simple
1.
2.
3.
4.
Homework
Read lesson 51.
Read and do all the
exercises of lesson 53.