Semi-Green Plane

EMAN ESAM
NURNABILAH
MOHD FAHIMIE
CHEONG MUN KIT
MOHAMAD FAEZ
MOHAMAD AZIM
SAIFUDIN

 To improved the current technology

To reduce the dependency of fuel of aircraft
Apply thermodynamics technology in an
aircraft

INTRODUCTION
Today , the world is facing a crisis that may
change life as we know it.
We are on the verge of losing our familiar
energy sources; for instance, coal and oil.
Therefore , the scientific world is directing its
attention towards renewable and sustainable
energy.

WHY GREEN TECHNOLOGY?

To generate power while reducing waste and
pollution resulting in a frivolous impact on the
environment
Replacing our current energy sources with green
ones is the fact that they are renewable.
While fossil fuels are finite and are meant to
finish approximately by the end of the 22nd
century, green energy resources are infinite and
will ensure ever lasting sustainability.

WHAT IS GREEN ENERGY ?

Energy that is produced in a way as to
minimize the negative impact on the
environment.
Produce less greenhouse gases.
Contribute less to the phenomenon of global
warming/ climate change.
Sources of green energy are numerous and
include solar power, wind power, ocean wave
energy, etc.

OUR PROJECT
To create a new energy self sufficient air plane
by the use of solar energy .
The body of the air plane would have solar
panel and solar chips integrated along with
the material of the outer part of the air plane .
In this way, the solar panels would be able to
absorb enough sun radiation ,while flying
above in the sky , sufficient for the air plane to
fly and also store the energy for future use.

THE FIRST SOLAR AIRCRAFT

The solar aircraft was introduce by Frederick To.
1977- He started building Solar One with the help and advice
of David Williams .
1978-Solar One made its first short hop at Lasham.( world's
first solar powered aircraft)
Mid-1978 -he was making structural tests on the use of
polyester film structures for an inflatable wing.
He designed and built 'Phoenix.
1980 - Formed his own company, The Air-Plane Co
to undertake inflatable aircraft powered by a 22 hp
engine.

SOLAR AIRCRAFT BY NASA

Pathfinder

Centurion

Pathfinder Plus

Helios

 NASA developed four solar aircraft- the purpose is to demonstrate solar power
technology as used in long-duration, high-altitude flight.

PATHFINDER

PATHFINDER PLUS

CENTURION

HELIOS

Progress in 1994 1997

Progress in 19982003

Progress in 1997

Progress in 19992003

In 1997-reach an
altitude of 71,530
feet

Altitude of 80,201
feet

Altitude of 100,000
feet

In 2001- reached an
altitude of
93,863 feet

However on June,2003 - the Helios suffered a catastrophic failure over the Pacific
Ocean about 10 miles west of Kauai, when excessive turbulence caused the aircraft
to exceed its designed speed limits and literally break apart.

SOLAR IMPULSE
Solar Impulse is an aircraft which

are single pilot with wide wing.

Its purpose is to demonstrate the feasibility of

the program by making the first ever whole dayand-night flight without fuel, a task that it
accomplished brilliantly in July 2010.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOLAR IMPULSE

Achieved timeline
2003: Feasibility study at the cole Polytechnique Fdrale de
Lausanne
20042005: Development of the concept
2006: Simulation of long-haul flights
200609: First prototype (HB-SIA)
2009: First flight of prototype
200911: Manned test flights with prototype
201112: Further test flights through Europe and North Africa in 7
legs
201113: Construction of second prototype (HB-SIB)
2013: continental flight across United States[1] (Mission Across
America[6])-(started on 3rd May 2013)

Planned timeline
2014: Start of flight testing in HB-SIB
2015: Attempt world tour in several stages.[9]

WHAT IS SEMI-GREEN CONCEPT ?

1 ENGINE CONSISTING 2 DIFFERENT
OPERATING SYSTEMS BUT WITH THE SAME
PURPOSE

FUEL

ELECTRIC

FUEL

ELECTRIC

LESS KEROSINE
CONSUMPTION

Comes from the solar

energy which is then
converted to
electrical energy to
run the engine

ADVANTAGES
Less Carbon Dioxide CO2 and Nitrogen Dioxide
NO2 emission to the environment
Reduce the fuel cost
Solar is a renewable source of energy
Save flight journey due to less transit on
airports

IMPROVEMENT ON THE SOLAR PANEL

Adjusting the solar panel in certain
angle to consume maximum amount
of energy without losing its
aerodynamic ability
Reduce the thickness of the solar
panel and maximize its efficiency
Larger wingspan

CHARACTERISTIC OF THE NEW PLANE

THAT USES SEMI GREEN CONCEPT
Use lightweight composite structures
consisting of nano technology.
Use all-new carbon fibre reinforced plastic
(CFRP) fuselage in order to lower fuel
consumption, as well as easier maintenance.

 The engines are mounted on top of the

rear fuselage above a U-tail, in a way
that noise emissions are shielded by the
wing and the tail to reduce noise
pollution

Using Lithium battery to :

Improved power quality
The required high voltage and high current production
Similar functionality to that of Nickel Cadmium
batteries while weighing 30 percent less
Compact about the size of the average car battery

METHODOLOGY
Group Discussion
Research & Review
Task Division

Summarization

Group Discussion
1. Understand the topic of assessment
- what is needed (refer to guideline)
2. Identify the engineering system
- rocket engine
- solar panel
- aircraft cooling system
3. Select the best system ~ semi-green craft
4. General discussion on system
- adv & disadv
- relation to thermodynamic

Research & Review

1) Library
- Fluid Mechanics
- Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach
2) Internet
- solarimpulse.com
- renewable energy
3) Journal

Task Division
Separate task accordingly among the 7
members.
Share ideas and information among members

Summarization
Collect data and information from each
members.
Final discussion and reviews.
Compilation and slideshow-making

Why it is called semi-green?.

SYSTEM
Simple concept
Solar energy

Electrical
energy

W out
Mechanical
work

Fuel energy

Qin (electricity)+ Qin(fuel)= W out

SEMI-GREEN SOLAR PANEL

SOLAR ENERGY

ELECTRICAL
ENERGY

MECHANICAL
ENERGY

how energy transform?.

Light(sun) striking a silicon semiconductor
causes electron flow and create electricity

Thermodynamic laws
1st law( conservation of energy)
2nd law ( quality and quantity)
Kelvin plank statement (efficiency)

CONCLUSION

Semi-green plane is really relevant to future use in aircraft

industries.
The aviation world is often considered as a heavy polluter with
little ecological focus. So the solar plane includes as innovative
project that run counter to these prejudices.
Given a lists of advantages and disadvantages semi-green
plane :Advantages

Disadvantages

Green technology

High installation cost

Reduce fuel consumption

Larger wing more space

needed

Longer flight distance

Depends on weather

Less noise

High maintenance cost

 In future , we want to see the fully dependent on

solar power on craft. No more fuel engine with solar
engine in one system.
Or maybe the solar aircraft looks like UFO shape in
order to maximize the potential of solar energy.
This is very good for the air transport industry. Lets
hope that other companies follow the same path
and invest in green-technology in the future.