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s r
Speeds
v r
Accelerations
a r
2
i
1
1 2
2 2
K R mi ri I
2 i
2
Moment of Inertia
Moment of Inertia, I, is a measure of
the resistance of an object to
changes in its rotational motion.
Moment of Inertia is analogous to
mass in translational motion.
When the
object is
made up of
point masses
you calculate
moment of
inertia using:
I ri mi
2
lim
mi 0
r
dm
i i
2
or in terms of density:
I r dV
2
Assume r is constant
I r dm R
2
I MR
dm
:
we will use the constant density
expression to evaluate the integral.
dm = l dx
M
I r dm
x
dx
L/ 2
L
1
2
I ML
12
2
L/2
I r dm
2
1
2
I z MR
2
r 2 Lr dr
2
Parallel-Axis Theorem
Is used to find I ,
if the axis of rotation
does not coincide
with the axis of
symmetry but is
parallel to the axis
through the center
of mass of the
object.
1
2
ML
12
I I CM MD
2
2
1
L 1
2
2
I ML M ML
12
3
2
Example #25
A uniform thin solid door has height 2.20m,
width 0.870m and mass 23.0kg. Find its
moment of inertia fro rotation on one hinge
across its bottom. Is any piece of data
unnecessary? (Hint: Assume that all the mass
is concentrated across the bottom of the door
along the same level as the hinge)
Example # 27
The density of the Earth at any distance r
from its center, is approximately:
= [14.2 11.6 (r/R)] x 10 3 km/m3
where R is the radius of the Earth.
Show that this density leads to a moment of
inertia I= 0.330 MR2 about an axis through
the center, where M is the mass of the Earth.
Hint:
start with thin spherical shell equation:
dI= (2/3) r2 dm
Example #23
Example #23
Three identical thin rods, each of length L and
mass m, are welded perpendicular to one
another as shown. The assembly is rotated
about an axis that passes through the end of
one rod and is parallel to another. Determine
the moment of inertia of this structure.
Ans: (11/12)mL2