Motion

Speed, acceleration, momentum

PRESENTED BY :
ANMOL KUMAR
IX-G, 20
ARMY PUBLIC SCHOOL

Frames of Reference
Object or point from which motion is
determined
Most common is the
Earth
Motion is a change
in position relative to
a frame of reference

What is motion?

If you are standing in one place, and your friend

walks by you, are you moving relative to your
friend?
Is your friend moving relative to you?
Is either of you moving relative to the earth?

Answer:

You are moving relative to your friend, and

your friend is moving relative to you!
You are not moving relative to the earth,
but your friend is. You are both moving
relative to the sun!

What is motion?

If you and your friend are walking down the hall

together at the same speed, in the same direction,
are you moving relative to your friend?
Is your friend moving relative
to you?
Are either of you moving
relative to the Earth?

Answer:

You are NOT moving relative to your

friend, and your friend is NOT moving
relative to you. You both are moving
relative to the earth.

Speed
Speed = Distance Time
D_
S T
Example: A car travels 300km in 6 hours.
What is the speed of the car?

Answer:
Speed

= distance time
Speed = 300km 6 hours
Speed = 50km/hr

More practice

1. How far can a plane travel if it flies

800km/hr for 9 hours?
2. How long does it take a ship to go
500 km if it travels at a speed of
50km/hr?

Answer
1.

D
S

D
800 9
800km 9hrs = 7200km
hr

Answer
2.

T
500
50 T

500km 50km = 10 hrs

hr

Velocity
Speed
What

in a given direction.

is the velocity of a boat that

travels from St. Peter to Mankato
(10 miles) in 15 minutes?

Answer
Speed

= distance time
Speed = 10 miles 15 minutes
Speed = 0.67 mi/min
Velocity = 0.67 mi/min South

Change your answer to mi/hr!

0.67mi/min

40

mi/hr

x 60min/hr =

Distance-time graphs

On your paper, graph the following:

D (m)

0
5
10
15

T (sec)

0
7
14
21

Was your graph a straight line?

A

distance-time graph which is a

straight line indicates constant
speed.
In constant speed, the object
does not speed up or slow down.
The acceleration is zero.

Graph the following on a distancetime graph:

D (m)
0
5
20
45
80
125

T (s)
0
1
2
3
4
5

0 1 2 3 4 5

Was your graph a curve?

A

graph that curves on a

distance-time graph shows that
the object is accelerating

Distance-time graphs

Describe the motion of the object as

shown in the
graph.

From 0-8 sec,

constant speed:
(25 m/sec);
From 8-12 sec,
no motion;
From 12-16 sec,
acceleration;
From 16-20 sec,
constant speed

Speed-time graphs

Using the distance-time graph from the

last frame, draw a speed time graph. First
fill in the table below:
Average Speed (m/s)
25
____
0
____
37.5
____

Time (sec)

0 to 8
8 to 12
12 to 20

What does your graph look like?

Constant

speed will be a
horizontal line on a speed time
graph.
If the speed decreases, the line
will slant down.
If the speed increases, the line
will slant up.

What do the following speed-time

graphs depict?