University of San Carlos

Department of Political Science

POSC 12
Philippine Government & Constitution

Miscellaneous Articles
(Philippine 1987 Constitution)
Arts. IX, X, XI, XII, XIII, XIV, XV, XVI,
XVIII

Learning Objectives
To have a working knowledge on
the articles of the Philippine
1987 Constitution not belonging
to Constitution of Liberty,
Government & Sovereignty; and
To understand the importance of
these articles.

Art. IX
CONSTITUTIONAL COMMISSIONS
The Constitutional Commissions, which
shall be independent, are:
- The Civil Service Commission (CSC);
- The Commission on Elections
(COMELEC); and
- The Commission on Audit (COA)

Art. X.
LOCAL GOVERNMENT
The territorial and political subdivisions
(enjoying local autonomy) of the Republic of
the Philippines are the:
- Provinces;
- Cities;
- Municipalities
- Barangays;
- There shall be autonomous regions in Muslim
Mindanao and the Cordilleras as hereinafter
provided.

Art. XI
ACCOUNTABILITY OF PUBLIC OFFICIALS
Public office is a Public Trust.
Impeachable Officials:
- President;
- Vice-President;
- Members of the Supreme Court;
- Members of the Constitutional
Commissions;
- Ombudsman

 Grounds for Impeachment:

1.) Culpable violation of the Constitution
2.) Treason
3.) Bribery
4.) Graft and Corruption
5.) Other High Crimes
6.) Betrayal of Public Trust

 Impeachment Proceeding:
- HR: exclusive power to INITIATE all cases of
impeachment (at least 1/3 votes).
- Senate: sole power to TRY and DECIDE all cases of
impeachment (2/3 votes for conviction)
SANDIGANBAYAN: Anti- Graft Court
OMBUDSMAN
- Independent Office
- Protectors of the people, shall act promptly in any form
or manner against public officials or employees of the
Government, or any subdivision, agency or
instrumentality thereof, including government-owned or
controlled corporations, and shall, in appropriate cases,
notify the complainants of the action taken and the
result thereof.

Art. XII
NATIONAL ECONOMY & PATRIMONY
The goals of the national economy are a
more equitable distribution of
opportunities, income, and wealth; a
sustained increase in the amount of goods
and services produced by the nation for
the benefit of the people; and an
expanding productivity as the key to
raising the quality of life for all,
especially the under-privileged.

Art. XIII

SOCIAL JUSTICE AND HUMAN RIGHTS

Labor
Agrarian & Natural Resources Reform
Urban Land Reform & Housing
Health
Women
Role & Rights of Peoples Organization
Human Rights

Art. XIV

EDUCATION, SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY,

ARTS, CULTURE & SPORTS
Arts & Culture
Language
Science and Technology
Sports

Art. XV

THE FAMILY
Family is the foundation of the nation.
Marriage is an inviolable social institution and
is the foundation of the family protected by
the State.
Existence of Rights defined by the
Constitution.
The family has the duty to care for its elderly
members but the State may also do so through
programs of social security.

Art. XVI
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Flag of the Philippines shall be red, white, and blue,
with a sun and three stars, as consecrated and honored
by the people and recognized by law.
The Congress may, by law, adopt a new name for the
country, a national anthem, or a national seal, which
shall all be truly reflective and symbolic of the ideals,
history, and traditions of the people. Such law shall
take effect only upon its ratification by the people in a
national referendum.
The Armed Forces of the Philippines shall be composed
of a citizen armed force which shall undergo military
training and serve as may be provided by law. It shall
keep a regular force necessary for the security of the
State.

Art. XVIII
TRANSITORY PROVISIONS

Important provisions
bridging the gap from the
old to the new
constitution.