3G2G HandOver and Roaming

Brief

In Idle Mode , UE use cell reselection to enter GSM Network

Connect Mode, UE use HandOver to enter GSM Network.

Cell Selection

PLMN Selection
1) when ue is power on , it scans RF and read MIB

to define whether this cells PLMN is what it wants.

2) PLMN has order list .
Auto Selection
i) RPLMN
ii) Home PLMN
iii) User or Operator controlled PLMN selector with Access

Technology
Manual Selection

Read SIB3 , Evaluate S Criteria

IF matchs S Criteria , Camped on the cell ,then LA/RA update.

Else

read SIB11 finds neighbor cells Evaluate S Criteria for neighbor cells

if matched ,
camped
else
scan other cells or in PLMN selection.
end
camped on any cell .

Cell Reselection

All Neighbor Cell evaluate S criteria .

In S>0 cells , Compute R value.

Select Rmax Cell .

S & R Criteria
Squal = Qqualmeas - Qqualmin
Srxlev = Qrxlevmeas - Qrxlevmin - Pcompensation
Squal > 0
Srxlev > 0

Rs = Qmap,s + Qhysts
Rn = Qmap,n - Qoffsets,n - TOn * (1 - Ln)

Cell Selection &Reseletion Parameters(1)

Qqualmin

Value range: -24 -- 0 (dB)

Content: Minimum required quality level corresponding to the CPICH Ec/No. UE can camp
on the cell only when the CPICH Ec/No measured is larger than the value of this
parameter.
Recommended value: -18(dB).

Qrxlevmin

Value range: -58 -- -13. (dBm)

Physical value range: -115 -- -25; step: 2 (-58: -115; -57:-113; ..., -13:25).
Content: Minimum required RX level corresponding to the CPICH RSCP. UE can camp on
the cell only when the measured CPICH RSCP is larger than the value of this parameter..
Recommended value: -58.

Qqualmeas

Measured cell quality value. The quality of the received signal expressed in CPICH Ec/N0 (dB) for FDD cells.
Not applicable for TDD cells or GSM cells.

Qrxlevmeas

Measured cell RX level value. This is received signal, CPICH RSCP for FDD cells (dBm), P-CCPCH RSCP for
TDD cells (dBm) and RXLEV for GSM cells (dBm).

Pcompensation

Max(UE_TXPWR_MAX_RACH P_MAX, 0) (dB)

Pmax

Value range: -50 -- 33 (dBm)

Content: Allowed maximum power transmitted on RACH in the cell. It is related to network
planning.
Recommended value: 24.

Cell Selection &Reseletion Parameters(2)

Treselectiontime

Value

range: 0~31 Physical unit: second.

Content:

If the signal quality of a neighbor cell is better than the serving cell during the

specified time of this parameter, the UE will reselect the neighbor cell. It is used to avoid
ping-pong reselection of UE between different cells. Note: 0 does not refer to 0 second but
corresponds to the default value defined in the protocol.
Recommended

value: 0.

Ssearch.RAT

Value range: -16~10 Physical value range: -32 ~ 20; step: 2.

Physical unit: dB.
Content: Threshold for inter-RAT cell reselection. When the quality (CPICH Ec/No measured by UE)
of the serving cell is lower than the threshold plus the minimum required quality ( Qqualmin) of the
cell, the inter-RAT cell reselection procedure will be started. It's mandatory When the value of
parameter SsearchratInd is TRUE.
Recommended value: 2.

Qhyst1s

Value range: 0-20

Physical value range: 0 40(dB); step: 2.
Content: Hysteresis value for serving FDD cells in case the quality measure for cell
selection and re-selection is set to CPICH RSCP. It changes with the slow-fading
feature of the area where the cell is located. The bigger the slow-fading variance is,
the bigger this value of the parameter.
Recommended value: 2.

Qhyst2s

Value range: 0 - 20
Physical value range: 0 40 (dB); step: 2.
Content: Hysteresis value for serving FDD cells in case the quality measure for cell
selection and re-selection is set to CPICH Ec/No. It changes with the slow-fading
feature of the area where the cell is located. The bigger the slow-fading variance is,
the bigger this value of this parameter.
Recommended value: 1.

CELL Selection & Reselection MML COMMAND

Cell Selection & Reselection Command

1) MOD CELLSELRESEL
2) MOD INTERRATNCELL

3) MOD CELLMEAS

HandOver -CS_3G->2G1
UE

NODEB

3G MSC

RNC

1. RRC Connect Req

2. RRC Setup Complete
3. Measure Control (measure ID 0x1 )
4. Measure Control (measure ID 0x2 )
5.Initial UE message(service request)
6.DL DT (Authentication Request)
7.UL DT (Authentication Response)
10. Security Mode Command

8.Common ID
9. Security Mode Command

11. Security Mode CMP

12. Security Mode CMP
13. UL DT(Setup)
14. DL DT(Call proceeding)
15. RAB Assign Req
16.RL Recfg Prep
17.RL Recfg Ready
18.RL Recfg Commit
19 RB Setup
20 RB Setup Cmp

21 RAB Assign Resp

22. DL DT( Alerting )

23. DL DT( Connect)
24. UL DT(Connect Ack)
25 Measure Report(2D)
26.RL Recfg Prep
27.RL Recfg Ready

28 PhyCh Reconfig

29.RL Recfg Comit

30 PhyCh Reconfig CMP
31 Meaure Control(ID3 )
32Measure Report

33 Relocation Required

35. HandoverFromUtranCommand
45 RL Del Req
46 RL Del Resp

34 Relocation Command
44 Iu Release Req
47 Iu Release Complete

2G MSC

BSS

HandOver-CS_3G->2G2
UE

NODEB

3G MSC

RNC

2G MSC

BSS

33 Relocation Required

34. MAP/E Prepare Handover

35. BSSMAP Handover Request

36. BSSMAP Handover Request Ack

37. MAP/E Prepare
Handover Response
38. Relocation Commond
39. HandoverFromUtranCommand
40. BSSMAP Handover Detect
41. Handover Complete
43. MAP/E Send End Signal
Required

42. BSSMAP Handover Complete

44 Iu Release Command
45 RL Del Req
46 RL Del Resp
47 Iu Release Complete

48. MAP/E Send End Signal response

Measurement Control ID2-CS_3G->2G3

Measurement Control ID3-CS_3G->2G4

Measurement Report ID3-CS_3G->2G5

HandOver&Relocation-CS_3G->2G5

Some Record Message-CS_3G->2G6

HandOver -CS_2G->3G
UE

NODEB

RNC

3G MSC

2G MSC

BSS

1.BSSMAP Handover Request

2. MAP/E Prepare
Handover
4. Radio Link Setup

3 Relocation Request

5. Radio Link Setup RSP

6. Relocation Request Ack

7. MAP/E Prepare
Handover Response

8. MAP/E Handover
Command

9. Handover to UTRAN Command

10 RL Restore Ind
11. Handover to UTRAN Complete

12. Relocation Complete

13. MAP/E Send End Signal
request

UTRAN MobilityInfo

UE Capability enquiry

UTRAN MobilityInfo Confirm

UE Capability Info
UE Capability Info Confirm

14.BSSMAP Clear Command

15.BSSMAP Clear Complete

16. MAP/E Send End signal

response

HandOver-PS_3G->2.5G
UE

NODEB

RNC

3G SGSN

GGSN

2G SGSN

InterSystem Change decision

. Measure Report
1 . Cell Change Order from UTRAN
2 Route Area Update Requeset
3.SGSN Context Request
4.SRNS Context Request
4.SRNS Context Responset
5.SGSN Context Responset
6. SGSN Context Ack
7 SRNS Data Forward Command
8 Forward Packet

8 Forward Packet

9 Update PDP Context Request

9.Update PDP Context Response
10 Update GPRS location
12 Iu Release Command
13 14 RL release

15 Iu Release Complete

11. Cancel Location

12. Cancel Location

11. Update GPRS location Ack

12 Route Area Update Accept

HLR

Message-PS_3G->2.5G

RAT HandOver MML COMMAND

Add GSM cell1
MCC

CELL ID

GSMID

MNC

BSIC

LAC

BCCH ARFCN

1 ADD GSMCELL: MCC="460", MNC="07", LAC="0001", CID="0011",

NCC=1, BCC=3, BCCHARFCN=19,
ANDIND=DCS1800_BAND_USED,RATCELLTYPE=GSM;

GSM cells Data2

CGI : Cell Global Identification
MCC |

MNC |

LAC

CI

Location Area Identification

Cell Global Identification

Identify unique GSM

BSIC: Base Station Identify Code ,NCCBCC

| NCC | BCC |
3 bits

3 bits

MS can use it to distinguish cells with the same BCCH frequence

Network can distinguish cells when received report

GSM cells Data3

ARFCN : Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number
P-GSM 900

Fl(n)=890+0.2*n

1<=n<=124

Fu(n)=Fl(n)+45

E-GSM 900

Fl(n)=890+0.2*n

0<=n<=124

Fu(n)=Fl(n)+45

Fl(n)=890+0.2*(n-1024)

975<=n<=1023

DCS 1800

Fl(n)=1710.2+0.2*(n-512) 512<=n<=885

Fu(n)=Fl(n)+95

Fl (n) : the frequency value of the carrier ARFCN n in the lower band,
Fu(n) : the corresponding frequency value in the upper band

RAT HandOver MML COMMAND

4

SET INTERFREQHO (Object RNC )

MOD CELLINTERFREQHO (Object Cell)

SET INTERRATHO (Object RNC)

MOD CELLINTERRATHO (Object Cell)

RAT HandOver Parameters

Tuse2d ( Pcpich Rscp dBm) : -95dBm

CIO : 5dB

Inter-RAT handover trigger time : 1s

GsmRSSI Threshold : -95 dBm

Reference

3GPP TS 25.304: "UE Procedures in Idle Mode and Procedures for Cell Reselection in
Connected Mode".

3GPP TS 25.331: "Radio Resource Control (RRC); protocol specification".

3GPP TS 23.060: "General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); Service description; Stage 2".

3GPP TS 03.03: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Numbering,

addressing and identification"

3GPP TS 05.05: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Radio

transmission and reception".

Nokia 3G and GSM Roaming and Handover

NOKIA

WCDMAGSM

WCDMAGSM_

Thank You !