WCDMA RNO Paging Procedure

Review

Paging is one of the most important procedures in

WCDMA.

Paging is critical factor associated with the call

setup success rate of the network.

Objectives

Upon completion of this course,you will be able to:

Know

the

detailed

paging

procedure in UMTS

Know

how

to

paging procedure

optimize

the

Course Contents

Paging initiation
Paging Type
UE DRX procedure
Paging parameters optimization

Paging initiation

The network will initiate paging in the following three cases:

Mobile terminating call

UTRAN system information update

UE state transitions

Mobile terminating call

NSS

UE AS

UE NAS

paging

RR_PAING_IND

RANAP

MSC
paging

RR_EST_REQ (PAGING RESPONSE)

RRC setup procedure

INITIAL_DIRECT_TRANSFER
AUTHENTICATION REQUEST
AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE
RR_SECURITY_CONTROL_REQ
(IK CK)

security mode control

SETUP
CALL CONFIRM

RAB setup procedure

ALERT
CONNECT
CONNECT ACKNOWLEDGE

(PAGING RESPONSE)

RANAP

UTRAN system information update

UE

NodeB

RNC

Cell system information changed

RRC

RRC

System information update request

RRC

RRC

System information update response

RRC

Paging type 1

RRC

When cell system information changed, paging type 1 is used

to inform mobile to read the updated system information. It is
special for the mobile in IDLE mode, CELL PCH and URA

PCH .

UE state transitions
UTRA RRC Connected Mode
URA_PCH
out of
service

in
service

CELL_DCH

out of
service

in
service

Establish RRC Release RRC

Connection
Connection

in
service

GSM
Connected
Mode

GPRS
Packet
Transfer
Mode

CELL_FACH
out of
service

Release RRC
Connection

GSM:
Handover

UTRA:
Inter-RAT
Handover

CELL_PCH

Cell reselection

Establish RRC
Connection

Release of
temporary
block flow

Release RR
Connection

Establish RR
Connection

Initiation of
temporary
block flow

GPRS Packet Idle Mode1

Camping on a UTRAN cell1

Camping on a GSM / GPRS cell1

Idle Mode

When UTRAN wants mobile to change its state from CELL PCH or
URA PCH to CELL FACH, UTRAN will send paging type 1 to
mobile.

Course Contents

Paging initiation
Paging Type
UE DRX procedure
Paging parameters optimization

Paging type 1
UE

Node B
1.1

Node B
2.1

RNC
1

RNC
2

RANAP

RANAP

1. Paging

CN

1. Paging

RANAP

RANAP

2. PCCH : Paging Type 1

3. PCCH : Paging Type 1

When receiving paging from core network, UTRAN decides

the paging type.

When mobile in IDLE mode, CELL PCH and URA PCH,

UTRAN will send paging type 1 on PCCH.

Paging type 2
UE

Serving
RNC

RANAP

CN

1. Paging

RANAP

2. DCCH : Paging Type 2

RRC

RRC

Paging type 2 for a UE in RRC Connected Mode (CELL_DCH

and CELL_FACH states) on DCCH.

Course Contents

Paging initiation
Paging Type
UE DRX procedure
Paging parameters optimization

DRX

The UE may use Discontinuous Reception (DRX) in order to reduce power

consumption. When DRX is used the UE needs only to monitor one Page
Indicator, PI, in one Paging Occasion per DRX cycle.

In FDD mode, DRX cycle length = 2^k, k is DRX cycle length coefficient.

The UE shall store each CN domain specific DRX cycle length for each CN
domain the UE is attached to and use the shortest of those DRX cycle
lengths.

The CS CN specific DRX cycle length coefficient shall be updated locally in

the UE using information given in system information.

The PS CN specific DRX cycle length coefficient shall be updated after the
negotiation between the UE and PS CN by NAS procedure.

Paging Occasion
one paging
occasion

2^K-1

4095

PI PI
0

PI

PI

NP-1

Paging Occasion =
{(IMSI div K) mod (DRX cycle length div PBP)}
* PBP + n * DRX cycle length + Frame Offset, Where n = 0,1,2 as long as
SFN is below its maximum value. K is the number of SCCPCH bears the PCH.
In FDD mode, Paging Occasion = IMSI mod 2K + n*2K

Paging Indicator Channel (PICH)

288 bits for paging indication
b0 b1

12 bits (transmission
off)
b287 b288

b299

One radio frame (10 ms)

One PICH radio frame of length 10 ms consists of 300 bits (b0, b1, , b299). Of
these, 288 bits (b0, b1, , b287) are used to carry paging indicators.
In each PICH frame, Np paging indicators {P0, , PNp-1} are transmitted, where
Np=18, 36, 72, or 144.
The PI calculated by higher layers for use for a certain UE, is associated to the
paging indicator Pq . PI = DRX index mod NP = (IMSI div 8192) mod NP

Np

q PI 18 SFN SFN / 8 SFN / 64 SFN / 512mod144

mod Np
144

If a paging indicator in a certain frame is set to "1" it is an indication that UEs

associated with this paging indicator and PI should read the corresponding frame of
the associated S-CCPCH.

Mapping of paging indicators Pq to PICH bits

Number of paging
indicators per frame (Np)

Pq = 1

Pq = 0

Np=18

{b16q, , b16q+15} = {1,

1,, 1}

{b16q, , b16q+15} = {0,

0,, 0}

Np=36

{b8q, , b8q+7} = {1, 1,,

1}

{b8q, , b8q+7} = {0, 0,,

0}

Np=72

{b4q, , b4q+3} = {1, 1,,

1}

{b4q, , b4q+3} = {0, 0,,

0}

Np=144

{b2q, b2q+1} = {1, 1}

{b2q, b2q+1} = {0, 0}

Random access procedure

PICH frame containing paging indicator

Associated S-CCPCH frame

PICH

The PICH timing is

PICH = 7680 chips prior to its corresponding

S-CCPCH frame timing, i.e. the timing of the S-CCPCH carrying

the PCH transport channel with the corresponding paging
information

Course Contents

Paging initiation
Paging Type
UE DRX procedure
Paging parameters optimization

Paging Cycle Coefficient

In the idle mode, the UE can receive the paging indication with DRX to reduce
the power consumption. At this time, the UE needs to detect only one paging

indication in a paging occasion within a DRX cycle. The DRX cycle length of
UTRAN domain is obtained by substituting this parameter into the formula
DRX cycle = 2K PBP frames. Where, K is [the paging cycle coefficient],
and PBP is the paging block cycle coefficient (In the FDD mode, PBP = 1).

Influence on the network performance: If this parameter is set too small,

the UE will detect the paging channel frequently, and thus the battery is
consumed fast; if it is set too big, the UE will react very slowly on the paging,
it will also occur that the system repeats the UE paging, and the downlink

interference will be increased.

Np

Np is the number of paging indicators per frame. The value

range of this parameter is 18, 36, 72, or 144.

Influence on the network performance:

PI = DRX index mod NP = (IMSI div 8192) mod NP.

All of the IMSIs is divided into Np groups. If this parameter is

set too small, for one IMSI, the paged probability of this IMSI
will increase and it will consume too much power. If this
parameter is set too big, the paged probability will decrease.
The bit number of each PI decrease too, and it requests high
demodulation performance for UE.

Summary

Paging initiation occasions: Mobile terminating call, UTRAN

system information update, UE state transitions.

Paging type: paging type 1 and paging type 2.

UE DRX procedure: UE may monitor the corresponding PI in

every paging cycle.

Parameters optimization: Paging Cycle Coefficient and Np.