CARBON

AND
ITS COMPOUND

CONTAINS

Introduction

Versatile nature of carbon

Structure of carbon & Nomenclature

Chemical properties of carbon

Importance of carbon compounds in everyday

life

Some important carbon compounds.

INTRODUCTION

Carbon symbol C
Atomic no. 6
Nature Nonmetal
A nature abundant, nonmetallic element that occurs
in all organic compounds and can be found in all
known forms of life.
Diamond and graphite are pure forms and carbon is a
major constituent of coal, petroleum and natural gas.
Carbon generally forms four covalent bond with other
atoms in larger molecules.

VERSATILE NATURE OF CARBON

1)

2)

Carbon has a unique ability to form bonds

with other atoms of carbon, giving rise to
larger molecule. These compounds are
arranged in chains, branches and ring of
carbon atoms.
Since carbon has a valency of four, its
capable of bonding with four others of
carbon or atoms of some mono-valent
element (i.e outer most electron is one).

STRUCTURE OF CARBON & NOMENCLATURE

o Compounds containing only carbon and

hydrogen are called hydrocarbons.

o Carbon compounds can be in three different
structures
1.

Chains

2.

Branches

3.

Ring

STRUCTURE OF
CARBON

Hydrocarbons are divided into saturated and

unsaturated.
Saturated means single bonded hydrocarbons and
are
named as alkane. And its general formula is CnH2n+2
Unsaturated are double or triple bonded
hydrocarbons,
Double bonded hydrocarbons are called alkene and
its general formula is CnH2n.
Triple bonded hydrocarbons are called alkyne and its
general formula is CnH2n-2.

An atom or group of atom which determine the

charecteristic properties of an organic compound is
called functional group, viz. alcohol(-OH), ester(COO-), ether(-O-) etc.

NO. OF CARBON ATOM

WORD ROOT

Meth

Eth

Prop

But
5
6
7
8

Pent
Hex
Oct
Non

Dec
10

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF CARBON

CHEMICAL FORMULA : C
Oxidation no : Combines with oxygen to produce
carbon dioxide(CO2) and carbon monoxide
(CO).
Reactivity :
carbon does not dissolve in, or
react with water or acid.
Chains of atom:
carbon has ability to make
long strings, or chain, of atom.
Compound : carbon form more compounds
then all other elements combined; several
million carbon compounds are known

IMPORTANCE OF CARBON IN EVERY

DAY LIFE
Plant use carbondioxide to produce
carbohydrate in a process called
photosynthesis , at this process oxygen also
release.
In beverages carbon compound is used for to
keep it fo long time.
Petroleum product
Graphite

SOME IMPORTANT CARBON COMPOUND

CO
CO2
C6H12O6
CHCl3

-Carbonmonoxide
-Cacbondioxide
-Glucose
- Choloflorocarbon

THE END