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Company Confidential Unauthorized use or distribution prohibited. 2012 Boart Longyear. All rights reserved.
Drilling Guidelines
Section 6: Drilling Guidelines (3 hours)
Rotational Speed
WOB
Torque
Penetration Rate
RPI
Water Flow
Sharpening
Troubleshooting
Drilling Guidelines
Rotational Speed
Size
Aq
ltk48
Aqtk
ltk60
BQ
btw
BQTK
NQ
NTW
NQTK
NQ3
HQ
HTW
HQ3
PQ
PQ3
Rpm
1501
1501
1501
1200
1200
1200
1200
949
949
949
949
748
748
748
586
586
Drilling Guidelines
Rotational Speed
Broken conditions:
Cut speed roughly in half from values listed in
chart, which will reduce wear due to loose
material. Loose material causes wear at a much
higher rate than stationary material.
Mud products will make a large difference in bit
performance in broken conditions.
UMX with its large diamond will have higher
penetration rates at lower rpms.
Drilling Guidelines
WOB
High and Low Values are listed left for 6 to 8 ipm in Mohs 8,
granite
Weight in bit is the primary control mechanism to produce
stable cutting.
Initially weight is added to sharpen the bit.
If insufficient weight is added the bit will begin to polish,
which can be detected in the sound of rod and the
declining torque values
At this point additional weight needs to be added to
sharpen the bit.
When sharpening with weight it tends to remove only
the are around the wear flat diamonds.
In a large diamond bit it may only be one or two
diamonds that pull out.
The penetration rate to get beyond the polishing mode
will be higher in UMX due to the larger diamonds
The following chart varies for every formation and bit
combination
UMX will take a larger increase in WOB to sharpen and
will have lower WOB once sharp.
Size
Aq
ltk48
Aqtk
ltk60
BQ
btw
BQTK
NQ
NTW
NQTK
NQ3
HQ
HTW
HQ3
PQ
PQ3
Low Lbsf
High Lbsf
1389
3472
928
2320
1207
3019
1498
3744
2000
5000
1617
4043
1708
4271
3055
7638
2271
5678
2789
6972
3264
8161
4582
11455
3697
9242
4846
12114
6897
17242
7181
17953
Drilling Guidelines
WOB
EXAMPLE:
Hydraulic Pressure w/rods
suspended
1500 PSI (10.343 MPa)
Hydraulic Pressure w/bit
contacting bottom of hole
1000 PSI (6.895 MPa)
Off Pressure is the difference
500 PSI (3.448 MPa)
Total force on bit =
12.56 in2 x 500 PSI 6,280 lbf.
(81 cm2 x 3.448 MPa) (27,934 N)
Drilling Guidelines
Life vs WOB
450
8000
400
7000
350
300
Life (m)
5000
250
4000
200
3000
150
6000
Diamond
Polishing
2000
100
1000
50
0
0
10
12
14
STD Bit
Life
UMX Bit
Life
STD Bit
WOB
Drilling Guidelines
WOB
Size
Aq
ltk48
Aqtk
ltk60
BQ
btw
BQTK
NQ
NTW
NQTK
NQ3
HQ
HTW
HQ3
PQ
PQ3
Low kn
High Kn
6
4
5
7
9
7
8
14
10
12
15
20
16
22
31
32
15
10
13
17
22
18
19
34
25
31
36
51
41
54
77
80
Drilling Guidelines
Life vs WOB
450
8000
400
7000
350
300
Life (m)
5000
250
4000
200
3000
150
6000
2000
100
Rapid Wear
50
1000
0
0
10
12
14
STD Bit
Life
UMX Bit
Life
STD Bit
WOB
Drilling Guidelines
WOB
10
Drilling Guidelines
Torque
Size
Aq
ltk48
Aqtk
ltk60
BQ
btw
BQTK
NQ
NTW
NQTK
NQ3
HQ
HTW
HQ3
PQ
PQ3
Torque (ft-lbs)
124
124
124
155
155
155
155
196
196
196
196
249
249
249
317
317
11
Drilling Guidelines
Power and Torque
800
70
700
60
600
Torque (ft-lbs)
50
500
40
400
Torque (ft-lbs)
30
Power(hp)
300
20
200
10
100
0
0
500
1000
1500
2000
0
2500
12
Drilling Guidelines
Torque
The rig should be dropped down a gear and run at lower rpm
to generate sufficient torque for sharpening.
Size
Aq
ltk48
Aqtk
ltk60
BQ
btw
BQTK
NQ
NTW
NQTK
NQ3
HQ
HTW
HQ3
PQ
PQ3
Normal
Operation
Torque (N-m)
168
168
168
210
210
210
210
266
266
266
266
337
337
337
430
430
13
Drilling Guidelines
Penetration Rate
14
Drilling Guidelines
Maximizing Life
450
8000
400
7000
Diamond
Polishing
300
6000
Life (m)
5000
250
4000
200
3000
150
350
2000
100
Rapid Wear
50
1000
10
12
14
STD Bit
Life
UMX Bit
Life
STD Bit
WOB
15
Drilling Guidelines
Maximizing Life
450
8000
400
7000
Diamond
Polishing
300
6000
Life (m)
5000
250
4000
200
3000
150
350
2000
100
Rapid Wear
50
1000
10
12
14
STD Bit
Life
UMX Bit
Life
STD Bit
WOB
16
Drilling Guidelines
Penetration Rate
Rod Length(m)
Core Length(m)
Wireline time (m/min)
Rod handling
Time(min/rod)
ROP(cpm)
Drilling Cost/hour
Bit Cost
Bit Life(m)
Depth(m)
70.00%
6
3
17.6
Data HQ
Tripping
Wireline Time
Depth
Time(hrs) (hrs)
Meters/shift
1333.33
1.26
6.48
35.76
1.75
13
$70.00
$300
500
# of
Tripping
Drilling
Wireline Wireline
Time
Total Time
meters/
cost/met
Time (hrs) pulls
Time(hrs) # of trips (hrs)
(hrs)
shifts
shift
Productivity Cost
er
333.00
5.12
111
17.66
1
2.43
36.02
3.00 110.94
14.22% $2,821
$8.47
1333.00
20.51
445 281.92
3
14.58
452.87 37.74 35.32
4.53% $32,601 $24.46
1000.00
15.38
334 264.26
2
12.15
416.85 34.74 28.79
4.53% $29,780 $29.78
Company Confidential Unauthorized use or distribution prohibited.
2012 Boart Longyear. All rights reserved.
17
Drilling Guidelines
RPI (Revolutions per inch of
Penetration)
From Catalog:
To calculate the rpi
(r/cm) index, divide the
rotational
speed (rpm) of the bit
by the rate of
penetration,
e.g. 800 rpm divided by
4 in/min = 200 rpi, or
(800
rpm divided by 10
cm/min = 80 r/cm).
IDEALLY AIM FOR
200 - 250 rpi
(80 - 100 r/cm)
18
Drilling Guidelines
RPI
250
225
200
175
150
125
Actual
Penetration
Data
100
75
50
25
0
0
10
12
14
16
18
19
Drilling Guidelines
Water Flow
Size
Aq
ltk48
Aqtk
ltk60
BQ
btw
BQTK
NQ
NTW
NQTK
NQ3
HQ
HTW
HQ3
PQ
PQ3
Fluid
Volume
Range
LPM
18
12
16
20
26
21
23
40
30
37
43
61
49
64
91
95
20
Drilling Guidelines
Sharpening
This leaves only the sharp diamonds cutting. Once the wear
flat diamonds are pulled out, penetration increases. At this
point the weight should be reduced to get the desired
combination of life and penetration.
21
Drilling Guidelines
Troubleshooting:
Torque Fluctuation
Stripping
22
Drilling Guidelines
Low Life
23
Drilling Guidelines
New Bit
24
Drilling Guidelines
NORMAL
RETIREMENT
Full depth of impregnation
evenly consumed. Gauge
stays within tolerance.
25
Drilling Guidelines
CONCAVE FACE WEAR
(rounded to OD)
Cause: (A) Insufficient water flow
Check pump and rod string for
leaks;
increase pump output.
GAUGE LOSS ID
Cause: (B) Broken formations
Cement or change to a lower bit; (C)
Drilling over lost core Check core
barrel/core lifter/core lifter case;
26
Drilling Guidelines
GAUGE LOSS OD
Cause: (A) Lack of circulation
increase coolant flow rate. (B) Bit being
reamed down under-size hole Check
reamer shell gauge and replace if
under-sized. (C) Vibration alter rpm.
(B) Broken formations Cement or
change to a lower bit;
27
Drilling Guidelines
FACE GLAZED
(Diamond polished and metal bound)
Bit does not feel sharp; diamonds flush w
matrix; no significant comet tails
behind each diamond. Sand blast face or use
other recommended methods
to re-expose diamond. If the face glazes
repeatedly, change to a higher bit or lower rpi
CRACKED WATERWAYS
(diamonds polished)
Cause: (A) Excessive bit load; dropped rods;
free fall of (wireline) inner tube
in dry hole; (B) bit crushed by rod holder, foot
clamp or pipe wrench; (C)
Pushed down an undersized hole (i.e.,
reaming shell worn out).
28
Drilling Guidelines
BURNT
Cause: (A) Lack of fluid. (B) Too high a bit
weight being used. Check pump and rod
string for leaks, check inner tube
adjustment. Maintain coolant flow rates.
BLANK PARTED
Cause: (A) Drilling in broken ground.
29
Drilling Guidelines
Excessive Erosion
Embedding Formation
30
Drilling Guidelines
Rung out to OD
Rung out to ID
31