FUEL OIL HANDLING

SYSTEM/PLANT

AMARNATH BOSE
(UPES)

Fuel Oil Handling System

Fundamentals of FOHP
Fuel Oil Handling System-Main Equipment
Process Flow of HFO Unloading Storage &
Transferring System
Process Flow of Transferring HFO from Day Tank
to Boiler Burner Front
Description of various Equipment

FUEL OILS USED IN THERMAL POWER PLANT

Start-up fuel
LDO/LFO
HSD
Supporting fuel
HFO
LDO/LFO
HSD

 LDO/HSD is used as start-up fuel as they do not

need any heating and are ready to burn before
switch over to HFO. Generally up to 7.5 - 10% of
boiler load for coal based plants.
HFO is used till 30% of boiler load for coal based
plants.
HFO is used as support fuel for flame
stabilization of Coal in coal based thermal power
plant up to 40-50% plant load depending on
Coal.

Fuel Oil Characteristics for MHI Steam Generator

Fuel Oil
Type
Flash point
Viscosity
( 180C)
Pour point
Total
Sulphur
Specific
heat

Unit

HFO

LDO

C
cst

66
370

66
2.5 to 15.7

C
% max

50
4.5

12
1.8

Kcal/kg

0.48

0.22 to 0.28

Characteristics (Typ. Analysis)

FUNDAMENTALS OF FUEL OIL HANDING SYSTEM

It handles Light Diesel Oil (LDO) and Heavy Furnace
Oil (HFO) in Thermal Power Station.
Fuel Oil Handling System comprises of :
1.HFO Handling System
2. LDO Handling System

FUNDAMENTALS :
Both HFO & LDO Systems consists of the following
Sub-systems:
Unloading System of LDO & HFO from Tanker
Storing system of LDO & HFO in Storage Tank
Transferring/Forwarding System of LDO & HFO from
Storage Tank to Day Tank
Pressuring & Transferring System LDO & HFO from
Day Tank to Steam Generator

Aux-steam Heating System (only for HFO)

Treatment System
Safety System

Fuel Oil Handling System-Main Equipment:

Hoses & quick couplers

Unloading header
Suction strainers
Unloading & Transferring pumps
Flow meters

Flushing arrangements
Storage & Day Tanks
Line Heaters
Control Valves
Flame arrestor

TANKER/
RAIL WAGON

UNLOADING
HEADER

STORAGE
TANK

STRAINER

UNLOADING HFO
FROM TANKER

UNLOADING
PUMPS

LINE HEATER

STEAM
TRAP

TRANSFERRING HFO TO DAY

TANK
LINE HEATERS

STRAINERS

TRANSFERRING/
PRESSURISZING PUMPS

DAY
TANK

HFO UNLOADING & TRANSFERRING

PROCESS FLOW

ROAD TANKER UNLOADING

FUEL OIL PUMP HOUSE

RETURN TO DAY TANK

OIL COOLER

DAY
TANK

LINE HEATERS
STRAINERS

TRANSFERRING
PUMPS

TO BOILER

TRANSFERING HFO FROM DAY TANK

TO BURNER FRONT

TRANSFERRING/
PRESSURISZING PUMPS

LINE HEATERS

HFO
TANK
2 NOS,

TRANSFERRING/
PRESSURISZING PUMPS

FUEL OIL HANDLING PLANT- SLD

H.F.O STORAGE TANK:

H.F.O Storage Tank consists of the following items
1) Heaters
2) Instruments.
3) Flame Arrester

Storage tank of 2000 CuM effective capacity of 2

Nos. are used to store the HFO. The dimensions of
the Tank are 16M x 12M Ht. Storage tank consist of
steel structures, instruments & heaters. Storage
tanks are constructed with carbon steel plates.

HFO PUMPS (MALWA)

The pumps are positive displacement & Twin Screw
type.
The Material of Construction of pump is
a) Body : Cast Iron
b) Screw : SS 410
Pumping will be done through positive displacement
pumps at a pumping rate each of capacity 300 m3/hr
@ 4.0 kg/cm2 discharge pressure, Three numbers ( 2
Working and 1 Stand By). The purpose of standby
pump is only at the time of service of the working
pump. Gate valves for standby pump will always be
kept closed unless the working pump gets in to
service.

L.D.O STORAGE TANK:

L.D.O Storage Tank consists of the following items
1) Instruments
2) Flame Arrestor
LDO storage tank of 600 CuM capacity of 1 No is used
to store the LDO. The dimension of the Tank is 10M
x 9M Ht. Storage tank consist of steel structures &
instruments.
Storage tanks are constructed with carbon steel
plates.

LDO PUMP:
The purpose of LDO unloading pump is to unload
LDO from Road tankers to storage tank of Capacity
600 KL.
The type of the pump is positive displacement Twin
Screw Pump. Pumping will be done through positive
displacement pumps at a pumping rate of capacity
100 m3/hr @ 2.0 kg/cm2 discharge pressure, two
numbers ( One working and one stand by). The
purpose of standby pump is only at the time of
service of the working pump.

DRAIN OIL TANK IN PIT

INSTRUMENTS:a) PRESSURE INDICATOR:Pressure Indicator is provided before the unloading

pump suction and after the pump discharge. Pressure
indicator indicates the suction and discharge pressure
of unloading pump.
b) DIFFERENCIAL PRESSURE INDICATOR & SWITCH:DPI is connected to Strainer for local indication of
pressure difference across the Strainer. DPS will sense
the differential pressure signal across the strainer &
accordingly trip the respective working pumps if the
value reaches set pressure.

d) TEMPERATURE INDICATOR:Temperature Indicators are provided on unloading

header & HFO pipes for local temperature indication.
e)TEMPERATURE ELEMENT:Temperature Element is provided on HFO storage
tanks for interlock of temperature control valves as
per stored HFO temperature fluctuation.
f) LEVEL GAUGE:Level Gauges are provided on HFO storage tanks for
local level indication .
g) LEVEL SWITCH:Level switches are provided on storage tanks & sump
pits for giving start permissive of sump pumps
located in the same pit.

h) LEVEL TRANSMITTER:Level Transmitter is provided on HFO storage tanks to

automatically trip Unloading & Forwarding pumps at
tanks oil high high level & low low level respectively.
i) FLOW METER:One Mass Flow meter with system max flow of 600
m3/hr is provided in the HFO Tank inlet header for
local indication of flow rate & sending signal to LCP.

SCREW PUMP

Thank you