ISO STANDARDS

By
Swayambhu Dutta
Username:Swayambhu_XIMB_2013

Standards: Definition

A Standard is an acknowledged measure of

comparison for quantitative or qualitative value.

A practice or a product, that is widely recognized or

employed, especially because of its excellence

Standards are a basis of comparison, an approved

model, as considered by an authority or by general
consent

Importance of Global Standards

To survive in the global market, an organization

should have:
Consistency of service and product performance
High levels of customer satisfaction
Improved levels of productivity and efficiency of
operations
High perceived quality and demand
Reduced costs and wastage during production
Ability to respond to technological and market changes

Introduction to ISO Standards

ISO, derived from the Greek isos, meaning "equal"

ISO (International Organization for Standardization) is the world's largest

developer and publisher of International Standards.

A network of the national standards institutes of 162 countries, with a

Central Secretariat in Geneva.

A non-governmental organization that forms a bridge between the public

and private sectors.

Many of its member institutes are part of the government of a country, or

are mandated by the government. Others have their roots in the private
sector, having been set up by industry associations.

Enabling a consensus to be reached on solutions that meet both the

requirements of business and the broader needs of society

Introduction contd.

No matter what the size or strength of that economy, each participating

member in ISO has one vote
ISO standards are voluntary and has no legal authority to enforce the
implementation of its standards
According to their application in the business sector, ISO standards can be
classified as:

The ISO Portfolio

information tool that provides aggregated information on the ISO
work covering selected areas of activities

Management and leadership standards

ISO standards that provide requirements or give guidance
on good management practices

The ISO sectoral portfolio

ISO develops International Standards for all industry sectors

Exceptions are electro-technology, covered by IEC, & telecommunications,

covered by ITU

Most ISO standards are highly specific and require specialized knowledge to
develop. Therefore, the technical committees that develop these standards are
also specialized in a specific area of technology or business.

The ISO sectoral portfolio is an information tool that provides aggregated

information on the ISO work covering following areas of activities:

Agriculture

Building construction

Food technology

Health technologies

Oil and gas

Plastics

Shipbuilding

Management and leadership standards

Contains information about management standards for specific applications,

from ship recycling to food safety, as well as energy, education or customer
satisfaction

These are among the best known of ISO's offering.

Some examples:
ISO 26000 Social responsibility

ISO 31000:2009 Risk management

ISO 9001:2008 Quality management
ISO 14001:2004 Environmental management

not a certification standard

certification standard

The ISO Structure

Decision to Develop a standard

Industrial
Sectors/Stakeholders

ISO National Members

Proposing a
new Work
Item

Relevant ISO
Technical
Committee(TC)

New TC can
also be
formed

Majority support of the

Participating members
of ISO TC

Global
Relevance
also verified

Who Develops ISO Standards

Technical Committees (TC)

Experts from Industry, business and technical Sectors pertaining to the

subject of discussion
ISO member bodies choose to be
Participating (P)
Observers (O)
Non-member (N)
A secretariat is formed for admin support
An Individual selected as the chairman of TC
- Experts participate as national delegations for concerned country
- International or regional organizational may apply for liaison status
or to be informed status without any voting rights

Stages of Development
Proposal Stage
Preparatory Stage
Committee Stage
Enquiry Stage
Approval Stage
Publication Stage

Confirmation of the need of a standard

Proposal for a new work item is submitted
Nominating a project leader

A working group of experts is set up to work on a draft copy

Continuous evaluation and drafting
Final draft forwarded to parent committee for consensus
Registration by the ISO Central Secretariat
Analysis by participating member on technical content
Final submission as Draft International Standard
DIS circulated across ISO body members for voting and comment
Final DIS is approved with 2/3rd majority of (P) members of the TC/SC
In case of disapproval, draft is returned for further study
FDIS is circulated to all ISO member bodies for final voting within 2 months
Technical comments received during this period are kept for future revision
2/3rd votes of P-members in favor & less than 1/4th votes are negative

Approved FDIS is subjected to minor editorial changes

Sent to ISO Central Secretariat for publication

ISO 9000

ISO 9000 is a series of international standards that deals with quality

systems that are used to ensure that customers receive what they are
expecting to receive.

Applicable to a range of organisations from manufacturing to service

industries.

It sets the standards and provides guidelines on how to implement and

improve a Quality Management System.

Third party certification bodies provide independent confirmation that

organizations meet the requirements of ISO 9001

ISO 9000
The series of standards consist of:
ISO 9000 : 2005 :

ISO 9001 : 2008 :

describes the fundamentals of quality management systems

specifies the terminologies used.

organisations achieving their quality requirements

fulfilling applicable regulatory requirements
enhancing customer satisfaction.

ISO 9004 : 2009 :

Provides guidelines for performance improvement

Improving organisations performance by considering the needs of all
stakeholders, not just customers.

ISO 9000
Evolution of ISO 9000 standards:

1987 version

1994 version

2000 version

2008 version

Advantages:

Creates a more efficient, effective operation

Reduces audits

Improves employee motivation, awareness, and morale

Reduces waste and increases productivity

ISO 14000

Addresses Environmental Management system to

a) Minimize harmful effects on the environment caused by its activities
b) Achieve continual improvement of its environmental performance

Implemented by some 200,000 organizations in 155 countries

ISO 14001:2004 provides EMS requirements, a framework for a holistic,

strategic approach to the organization's environmental policy, plans and actions

ISO 14004:2004 gives general EMS guidelines on its elements and

implementation, and discusses principal issues involved.

Other standards and guidelines include environmental labelling and

declarations, performance evaluation, life cycle analysis, communication and
auditing of Greenhouse Gas

ISO 14001:2004

To identify and control the environmental impact of an

organisations activities, products or services

To improve its environmental performance continually

To implement a systematic approach to set environmental

objectives and targets, to achieve these and to demonstrate that
they have been achieved

establishing a common reference for communicating about

environmental management issues between organizations and their
customers, regulators, the public and other stakeholders.

Benefits
Internal

Management in control of the organizational processes and activities impacting the environment

Assures employees that they are working for an environmentally responsible organization

External

Assures external stakeholders on environmental issues

complies with environmental regulations

Authenticates the organization's claims about its own environmental policies, plans and actions

Economical

Reduced raw material/resource use

Reduced energy consumption

Improved process efficiency

Reduced waste generation and disposal costs

Utilization of recoverable resources.

Lower distribution costs

ISO/OHSAS 18000

Occupational health and safety (OHS) standard to establish a

management system (OHSM) which promotes a safe and healthy working
environment

A framework to consistently identify and control health and safety risks,

reduce the potential for accidents

aid legislative compliance

improve overall performance by reducing litigations and downtime

OHSAS 18002 explains the requirements of the specification and shows

how to work toward implementation and registration.

Activities under ISO 18000

PLAN DO CHECK ACT

Preparing plans for hazard identification and risk assessment / control

Occupational Health and Safety Management programmes
Staff Training and awareness of duties
Operational control
Emergency plans
Continuous monitoring and improvement

Benefits

Enhanced employee awareness regarding occupational health & safety

Reduction in possibilities of accidents and incidents
Improved legal compliance and lower insurance costs
Reduced material and man-days loss due to accidents and production
breakdowns
Better identification of hazards and risk management.
Promotion of teamwork through improved communication at all levels,

ISO 22000

ISO 22000 is a standard developed by the International Organization for Standardization dealing
with food safety.

This is a general derivative of ISO 9000

Food safety is related to the presence of and levels of food-borne hazards in food at the point of
consumption.

As food safety hazards may be introduced at any stage of the food chain, adequate control
throughout the food chain is essential.

ISO 22000 ensures integrity of food supply chain by minimizing food-borne hazards

ISO 22000 can be applied on its own or in combination with other management system standards
such as ISO 9001:2000

Benefits
ISO 22000 results in :

Systematic identification and management of food safety hazards.

Greater confidence for safety of food and related products served and delivered.

Food safety assurance in food chain

Contributes to the quality of life by:

reducing food borne diseases

better quality and safer jobs in the food industry

better utilization of resources

efficient validation and documentation of techniques, methods and procedures

increased profits

increased potential for economic growth and development

ISO 27000

The ISO27000-series comprises information security standards published jointly by

the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International
Electro -technical Commission (IEC).

A comprehensive approach to security of information needing protection, ranging

from
digital information, paper documents, and physical assets (computers and
networks) to the knowledge of individual employees.

Subjects to address include

competence development of staff

technical protection against computer fraud

information security metrics and incident management

requirements common to all management system standards such as internal

audit, management review and continuous improvement

Benefits

Systematic identification of Information Security Risks and its mitigation to reduce risk
Better protection of confidential data and reduced risks from hackers attacks
Faster and easier recovery from the attacks and improved ability to survive disasters
Prudent use of Information security costs of the organization
Internationally recognized & applicable to all sectors, giving access to new markets
globally
Due to dependability of information and IS, confidentiality, integrity and availability of
information is essential to maintain competitive edge, cash-flow, profitability and
commercial image.
Provide assurance to shareholders, clients, consumers and suppliers.
Provide & enhanced customer confidence and satisfaction, which in turn can lead to
increased business opportunities.

Conclusion

Benefits start with your implementation project; you do not need to wait
until registration is achieved to start seeing the improvements.

Standards :
Promote mutual understanding
Ensure compatibility and interface coordination
Ease the coordination of diversity
Clarify appropriate product quality
Help in achieving policy objectives and eliminating barriers to trade

THANK
YOU..!!!