GSM TOWARDS LTE

NETWORKS
Presented by
Syed Amir Abbas
GSM TOWARD LTE COURSE
OUTLINE
Module-1 Introduction of Communication and Wireless Concepts

History of Communication
Telecommunication Basics
Frequency, Range of Wireless Frequency
Channel Concept
Multiple Access Concepts and its types

Module-2 Cellular Generation Wireless Concepts

1st Generation of Cellular Communication (AMPS, TACS)
2
nd
Generation of TDMA , GSM
3
rd
Generation WCDMA
4
th
Generation LTE

Module-3 GSM Architecture

MS
BSS
NSS
Interfaces, Protocols


Module-4 GSM Channel Concepts

GSM Channels
Physical and Logical Channels

Module-5 Cell Planning Concepts

Cell Planning Basic
Cell Planning Tools , TEMPS

Module-6 NSS/BSS Hardware and Software

MSC
HLR
STP
BSC

Module-7 DATA Calls

HSCSD
GPRS
Data Call Path,
SGSN and GGSN Hardware





Module-8 Call paths

Postpaid to Paid calls
Postpaid to Prepaid calls
Operator to Operator Calls
Mobile to PTCL calls

Module-9 Mobile Packet Backbone Network

OSI layer
IP Fundamentals
IP Routing , Protocols
MPLS Requirement in Telecom

Module-10 GSM Evolution Path

GSM Towards LTE
LTE Architecture
S-GWS, MME, eNode





CONVERGE NETWORKS
TELCOMMUNICATIOM EVOLUTION
WIRELESS ACCESS EVOLUTION

New Services
Efficiency
More Data
Services
required
Broadband
Subscribers
Voice
Coverage
Mobility
Voice Quality
Portability
Capacity
Data Service
Broadband
Network
Simplification
Cost of
Ownership
9
900 MHz
Voice
1G
900 MHz
1800 MHz
Voice/Data
2G
900-1800-1900 MHz
Smart Phone
Video, Internet
3G
2007
900-1800 MHz
Voice, Camera
Tiny Internet

2.5G
3G+
GENERATIONS OF MOBILE
Fixed NetWorks
1984-1996+ 1992-1998 1999 1999-2005+ 2005+
WHAT IS TELECOMMUNICATION ?
Telecommunication means to change
information into electronic signals for
remote transmission and switching.
Fast Deployment
Saving Transmission cost.
Easy and Fast Access.

FREQUENCY
The frequency of a radio wave is the number of times
that the wave oscillates per second."

FM Radio : 100 MHz Approx.
Television : 300 MHz Approx.
Mobile Networks : 300 2000 MHz Approx.
BANDWIDTH
In electronic communication, bandwidth is the
width of the range (or band) of frequencies that
an electronic signal uses on a given
transmission medium.
In this usage, bandwidth is expressed in terms
of the difference between the highest-frequency
signal component and the lowest-frequency
signal component.

Bandwidth = Highest freq Lowest Freq
CHANNELS
A Channel is a frequency or set of frequency which can be
allocated for the transmission and reception of information.
Types Of Communication Channels.

WHAT IS MULTIPLE ACCESS
Simultaneous private use of a transmission medium by multiple
independent users is called Multiple Access.

Advantages Of Multiple Access

Increased capacity
Reduced capital requirement
Decreased per user expense

FDMA, TDMA & CDMA
FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access)
Each user on a different frequency
A channel is a frequency
TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access)
Each user on a different window period in time slot.
CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access)
Each user uses the same frequency all the time but
mixed with different distinguished code patterns.
TRANSMISSION RATE
Average rate of Transmission is called speed
of transmission.


Rate of data at which data flows through a
network.
PATH LOSS
Path loss (or path attenuation) is the
reduction in power density (attenuation) of an
electromagnetic wave.

It is used link budget.

example, as the mobile station moves away
from the base transceiver station.

SHADOWING
It is due to obstacles in Wireless
communication.

A shadow is an area where direct waves
from a source cannot reach due to
obstruction by an object.

Maximize

Efficient used of spectrum
(FDMA/TDMA/CDMA/OFDMA)
Power Efficiency-------Battery


Minimize

Complexity Mobile handset should be sample and
easy to use
Cost Most important part , the success story
of China












SECRETES OF UPGRADES

FREQUENCY SPECTRUM
GSM FREQUENCY CONCEPTS
FREQUENCY BEND

PRIMARY GSM
E-GSM
DCS -1800
PCS-1900
GSM FREQUENCY BEND
THANKS