Introduction to Minitab

PREPARED BY

GOPAKUMAR M G
NPI ENGINEER

Minitab
Minitab
TM
is a very powerful, full feature, statistics package
seamless with Excel, PowerPoint .

The Software is used for Stastical &Graphical Analysis for
Six SigmaProjects.

Graphical Capabilities Stastical Capabilities
Pareto Capability Analysis
Histogram Hypothesis Test
Box Plot Contingency Tables
Scatter Plot Design of Experiments (DOE)



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Objectives
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At the end of this this topic, Introduction to Minitab, you
will be able to:

Describe the basics of Minitab.

Derive statistical parameters for a given set of data using Minitab .

Analyze the given data graphically and statistically using Minitab.

Outline
Introduction to Minitab
Minitab File Types
Worksheet Format & Structure
Supporting Data types
Minitab Windows
Example1: Basic Statistics
Minitab for Graphical Analysis
Pareto Analysis
Example2: Pareto Analysis
Example 3: Process Capability Index(Cpk)
Conclusion


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Minitab Files Types
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Worksheet contains the data only.
Takes very little disk space. All of
the Minitab files used training are
worksheet files which use the suffix
.MTW
Project contains a complete
record of actions taken (session
window, history window, graphs
and worksheet(s). Takes more
disk space. Uses the file suffix
.MPJ
WorkSheet Format & Structure
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Session
Window
Data
Window
Columns C1, C2, C3, . . .
Cells
Rows 1, 2, . . .
Multiple worksheets may be open in different Data windows.
However, only one is active at a time.
Menu
Tool Bar
Minitab Accepts Three Types of Data: Date/Time,
Text & Numeric
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D suffix
indicates the
column
contains
date/time
T suffix indicates
the column
contains text
No suffix
indicates the
column contains
numeric data
Data types can not be mixed in a column. If the column contains one cell
that has text in it, the entire column is considered to be text.
Minitab Accepts Three Types of Data: Date/Time,
Text & Numeric

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Column Names
(Type, Date, Count & Amount
Entered Data for Data
Rows 1 through 4
Data Entry Arrow
Data Rows
Minitab Windows
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Menu Bar
Session Window:
Analytical Output
Data Window:
A Worksheet different from a Spreadsheet
Column names are above first row
3 data types of Columns: Text/ Numeric/ Date
Everything in a column is considered to be the same
variable
Info Window:
Synopsis of worksheet
History Window:
Stores Commands
Tool Bar
Minitab Windows
Data - just as the name implies

Session - output of most tests and analysis

Graphs - each graph is created in a new window.
Graphs are linked to the data but updates only occur when the
Window>Update All Graphs Now command is performed or
by right clicking on the graph and selecting Update Graph
Automatically.

Information - column by column summary information about the
data

History - record of actions, useful for creating macros

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Minitab Example 1
Basic Statistics

1) Find mean, median, mode, range, variance, Maximum ,Minimum and
standard deviation(sigma) for the sample data given below:
-3,-2,-1,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9

Open a new Worksheet (in the existing or a new Project)
Type in the numbers vertically in a column
Name the column as DATA






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N
x
i

mean ()
N
x
i
2
2
) (

variance (
2
)
Std Deviation()
) (
2


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Solving Using Minitab

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Go to Stat Basic Statistics Display
Descriptive Statistics. Double- click C1 to
be chosen as Variables
Go to Statistics to select the required
values and click OK
Find the answers displayed in the Session
window.

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Solving Using Minitab
Graphical Analysis
We have seen that Minitab can be used for statistical analysis
of data. Now let us study how we can analyze data
graphically using the tools listed below:
Pareto Chart
Histogram
Dot Plot
Box Plot
Scatter Plot
Matrix Plot
Marginal Plot
Time-Series Plot
Run Chart


Minitab for Graphical Analysis
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Pareto Analysis

Pareto chart is named after an Italian economist
Vilfredo Pareto whose theory states that 80% of
wealth is owned by 20% of the population. Based on
this theory, the chart is used to visually depict the
significance level of categories plotted.

The theory that 80% of the problems come from
20% of the causes is called Paretos principle.

The purpose of the Pareto chart is to highlight the
most important among a (typically large) set of
factors. In quality control, it often represents the most
common sources of defects, the highest occurring
type of defect, or the most frequent reasons for
customer complaints, and so on.
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Vilfredo Pareto
1848 - 1923
To draw a Pareto chart, follow the path
Minitab> Stats > Quality Tools > Pareto Chart


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Pareto Analysis
C
o
u
n
t
P
e
r
c
e
n
t
Zone
Count
Percent 32.4 25.0 12.7 10.0 7.8 6.1 2.9 2.9
Cum %
132
32.4 57.4 70.1 80.1 88.0 94.1 97.1 100.0
102 52 41 32 25 12 12
Other Four Two Six Eight Five Three One
400
300
200
100
0
100
80
60
40
20
0
Pareto Chart of Zone



Minitab Example 2
In Example 2 , we are going to draw a pareto chart for
the Main failures occurred in Midline for PINOT LP3

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Pareto Chart Analysis
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Pareto Chart Analysis
What is Cpk? It is a measure of how well
a process is within a specification.
Cpk = A divided by B
A = Distance from process mean to closest spec limit
B = 3 Standard Deviations (also called 3 Sigma)

A bigger Cpk is better because fewer units will be beyond spec.
(A bigger A and a smaller B are better.)
A
B
Specification
Limit
Specification
Limit
Cpk =
A divided by
B

Process Capability Index (Cpk)
We desire a
minimum of 1.33
and ultimately we
want 2 or more.
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Process Capability Index (Cpk)

Process capability is also the ability of the combination of
Man, machine, methods, material, and measurements to produce a product that
will consistently meet the design requirements or customer expectation.

A minimum of three possible outcomes can arise when the natural process variability
is compared with the design specifications or customer expectations:

Case 1: Cpk > 1.33 (A Highly Capable Process)

Case 2: Cpk = 1 to 1.33 (A Barely Capable Process)

Case 3: Cpk < 1 (The Process is not Capable)
Measuring Cpk Using Minitab
Example 3
Measure the Cpk Of the Carriage Belt Tension of 32 units

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Measuring Cpk Using Minitab
Conclusion
Minitab is one of the powerful tool used in Quality
Analysis.

Using Minitab we can easily conduct the Statistical and
Graphical analysis of data.

Minitab is mainly used for the implementation of Six
Sigma Projects.
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Minitab Training

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