AKHNES NURHERLIANI

ANJEN PUTRI GANTING

ATUN ALAWIYAH

DINA FARHANIA

HAMDAN JURAIS

IKE AGUSTINA

SOFIAN HADI

WULAN NITA PRATIWI
GROUP 8
Similarities And
Differences
So, Too, Either,
Neither
So, too, either and neither are
usually used to express agreement
or disagreement (positive or
negative agreement) and serves
to avoid repetition of words in a
sentence (elliptical construction).
The sentence becomes shorter
without compromising its
meaning.


SO TOO ( POSITIVE AGREEMENT )






This pattern is used to express the same things or
act in positive sentences (give the positive
response on affirmative statement).

a.) If there are to be (is, am, are, was, were) in a main clause, the "to be"
used in the next statement directly.

The Pattern:
Affirmative statement (to be) + and + so + (to be) + Subject
or
Affirmative statement (to be) + and + Subject + (to be) + too

Example:
1. I am studying in Diponegoro University and so is he.
2. Dandy was born in Semarang and so was Dewi.
3. They are reading many books in the library and so are we.
4. Ari was uncomfortable with his uniform and Jane was too.
5. We were happy in the last holiday and they were too.
b.) If there are auxiliary (have, has, etc.) or modal (can, will, should, etc.) in
the sentence, the auxiliary or modal used directly.

The Pattern:
Affirmative statement + and + so + auxiliary or modal + Subject
or
Affirmative statement + and + Subject + auxiliary or modal + too

Example:
1. Fina can ride a car and so can my brother.
2. She will buy a computer and Rio will too.
3. We should ride a motorcycle carefully and so should I.
4. I had broken the glass and she had too.
5. Rima has eaten potatoes and I have too.

c.) If there are not to be, auxiliary or modal in a sentence, use do /
does / did in a short statement. It depends from the pattern of sentence,
whether present tense or past tense. Besides that, in present tense depends from
subject of the sentence; do for they, we, I, you and does for he, she, it.

The Pattern:
Affirmative statement + and + so + do / does / did + Subject
or
Affirmative statement + and + Subject + do / does / did + too

Example:
1. Adi wants a noodle for breakfast and so do I.
2. The doctor examined the patients and the nurse did too.
3. The carpenter cuts the wood with his saw and my father does too.
4. He always works overtime and so does my father.
5. She went to Paris last week and so did I.
d.) The conjunction and can be ignored, such as the short dialog below:
Mali : Hi, Im Mali. Im new student in here.
Melly : So am I. My name is Melly. Where do you come from?
Mali : I come from Surabaya.
Melly : What a coincidence! I do, too. Nice to meet you!
Mali : Nice to meet you too!

Anne : Hi Tom Where did you go after graduate?
Tom : Hi Ann, I worked in Semarang.
Anne : Wow, so did I. How long had you been work there?
Tom : I worked there about a year. What about you?
Anne : I did, too But I got much experience during worked
Tom : Youre right, so did I.

CONCLUSION
The similarities between so and too are used to give a positive response in
affirmative statements, showing the same things or action which means
"agree" in positive sentence.

The difference between so and too are in the pattern:
SO So + (to be) or (auxiliary / modal) or (do / does / did) + Subject.
TOO Subject + (to be) or (auxiliary / modal) or (do / does / did) +
Too

EITHER NEITHER ( NEGATIVE
AGREEMENT )



This pattern is used to express the same things or act in
the negative sentences. (give the negative response in
negative statement).
"Neither" has the meaning "Not Either". So, it does not
need "Not" in to be, auxiliary, modal, on the next
statement. Whereas "Either" needs "Not" in "to be,
auxiliary, modal", on the next statement.

a.) If there are to be (is, am, are, was, were) in a main clause,
the "to be"
used in the next statement directly.

The Pattern:
Negative statement (to be) + and + Subject + (to be) + not +
either
or
Negative statement (to be) + and + neither + (to be) + Subject



Example:
1. She is not a child anymore, and I am not either.
2. They are not Indonesian, and we are not either.
3. Shinta was not in home yesterday, and neither was Dewi.
4. You were not studying Mathematics, and neither were I.
5. I am not a beautiful girl in the class, and She is not either

b.) If there are auxiliary (have, has, etc.) or modal (can, will,
should, etc.) in a
sentence, the auxiliary or modal used in the next statement
directly.

The Pattern:
Negative statement + and + Subject + negative auxiliary or
modal + either
or
Negative statement + and + neither + positive auxiliary or modal
+ Subject



Example:
1. I must not go to school right now, and my sister must not either.
2. Rina can not swim, and neither can I.
3. I will not come in your party, and neither will he.
4. She could not cook chicken sup, and I could not either.
5. You have not broken the glass, and neither have I
c.) If there are not to be, auxiliary, verb or modals in a sentence,
use do /
does / did in the next negative short statement. It depends from the
pattern of
sentence, whether present tense or past tense. Besides that, in present
tense
depends from subject of the sentence; do for subject they, we, I, you
and
does for subject he, she, it.

The Pattern:
Negative statement + and + Subject + do / does / did + not + either
or
Negative statement + and + neither + do / does / did + not + Subject



Example:
1. I do not like jogging, and she does not either.
2. You do not like a sandwich, and neither do I.
3. They did not read prescription, and neither did we.
4. Andi does not have a car, and Era does not either.
5. She did not come late yesterday, and I did not either

There are some adverbs of frequency which
is considered negative, such as: never,
seldom, rarely, and etc.
Example:


1. She never comes here, and he does not
either.
2. I seldom eat chicken steak, and neither
does she.
3. Sammy rarely comes late in the class,
and I do not either.

d.) The conjunction and can be ignored, such
as the short dialog below:
Ella : Nanda, have you seen my shoes in
garage?




Nanda : No, I have not.
Ella : What about you, Santi?
Santi : Neither have I.

Ira : Could you do the exam this afternoon?
Wati : No, I could not. It was difficult.
Ira : Youre right. I tried to do it, but I could not
either

CONCLUSION
The similarities between either and neither are used to give a negative
response in negative statements, showing the same things or action which
means "dissagree" in negative sentence.

The difference between either and neither are in the pattern:
EITHER Subject + (to be + not) or (negative auxiliary / modal) or (do /
does / did +not) + Either.
NEITHER Neither + (to be) or (auxiliary / modal) or (do / does / did)
+Subject.

THANK
YOU