WLTP WIND TUNNEL CONCEPT

BMW, 21.03.2014
DEFINITION OF WIND TUNNEL FOR ROAD LOAD DETERMINATION
OIT #10 AND #18

WLTP-06-12-rev1e
Within WLTP a state-of-the-art road load determination method should be implemented in
parallel to coast down and torque meter method: "Wind tunnel and flat belt". OIT #10 and #18.

Wind tunnel measurement contains three main elements:
1. Description of wind tunnel
same as for delta-measurements for combined approach
2. Description of measurements
same as for delta-measurements PLUS additional criteria,
e.g. vehicle level (defined by EADE)
3. Calibration / certification of wind tunnel:
(A) Comparison of wind tunnel
with vehicles or standard-bodies: study of TU Munich*?
with coast down testing?
(B) Certification? (ISO 9001)

Description and measurement procedure of flat belt is
discussed separately.
Page 2
WLTP WIND TUNNEL CONCEPT
MEASUREMENT FOR ROAD LOAD DETERMINATION
WLTP wind tunnel concept, BMW, 13.03.2014
* Angelina I. Heft, Thomas Indinger and Nikolaus A. Adams: Introduction of a New Realistic Generic Car Model for Aerodynamic Investigations. 2012-01-0168, Published 04/16/2012
from WLTP-DTP-LabProcICE-172 - Comparison RLD flatbelt_VW.pdf
Proceeding:
Agreement on concept and direction of development? If yes:
Start work on details within the defined group

Check, if wind tunnel requirements for the combined approach are
sufficient.
It is assumed, that this is the case.
Definition of additional criteria for measuring c
d
*A as an absolute input for
road load:
level of vehicle, mounting
velocity

Definition of calibration method:
how to compare coast down with wind tunnel results? Procedure an tolerances?
how to describe these standard-bodies or vehicles for the comparison, tolerances
which and how many bodies to be used (e.g. small car, van, )?
how to apply these bodies in the wind tunnel?
how often should this calibration be performed?
certification useful?
Page 3
WLTP WIND TUNNEL CONCEPT
NEXT STEPS WIND TUNNEL IN WLTP
WLTP wind tunnel concept, BMW, 13.03.2014
This discussion will
take place within this
group:

Contact Persons:
Rob Cuelenaere (TNO),
Christoph Lueginger
(BMW)
Experts:
Thomas Schtz (BMW),
Gerhard Wickern (Audi),
Annette Feucht (Audi),
Lothar Krueger (Ford), Kai
Behlau (VW), Norbert
Ligterink (TNO),
Yamaguchi (Japan), Klaus
Steininger (EU), Celine
Vallaude (UTAC), Bertrand
Mercier (PSA), Bob Latu
(Renault), Iddo Riemersma
(T&E)

Time frame:
Initial proposal expected
at WLTP meeting #8,
decision in meeting
#12.
Page 4
WLTP WIND TUNNEL CONCEPT
TWO STEPS PROCEDURE FOR VALIDATION
For validation of the method:
1. Measure a vehicle with different aerodynamic setups both in wind tunnel and flat belt and
on road. On road many measurements under perfect conditions are required.
Aerodynamics cannot be reverse calculated accurately enough from coast down, only
overall comparison possible.
Assumption: If delta-c
d
*A and the overall result are matching, wind tunnel + flat belt
delivers correct results.**







2. If necessary: Measure standard-bodies (TBD!) in the wind tunnel
to gain the information, which c
d
*A value shall apply for them.
WLTP wind tunnel concept, BMW, 13.03.2014
* Angelina I. Heft, Thomas Indinger and Nikolaus A. Adams: Introduction of a New Realistic Generic Car Model for Aerodynamic Investigations. 2012-01-0168, Published 04/16/2012
** Clarification: Whole curve is compared, not only value @120km/h!
DrivAer Model TUM*
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
20 40 60 80 100 120
r
o
a
d
l
o
a
d
[
N
]
vehicle speed [km/h]
coast down
configuration 1
coast down
configuration 2
coast down
configuration 3
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
20 40 60 80 100 120
r
o
a
d
l
o
a
d
[
N
]
vehicle speed [km/h]
wind tunnel
configuration 3
wind tunnel
configuration 2
wind tunnel
configuration 1
flat belt
c
o
m
p
a
r
e

d
e
l
t
a
s

c
o
m
p
a
r
e

o
v
e
r
a
l
l

r
e
s
u
l
t

coast down wind tunnel + flat belt
Page 5
WLTP WIND TUNNEL CONCEPT
DETAILS ON WIND TUNNEL, MAIN CONCEPT
WLTP wind tunnel concept, BMW, 13.03.2014
Wind tunnel
criteria
Wind tunnel
comparison
Wind tunnel
validation
Preparation of
measurement
cd*A
measurement
Out of a big group of vehicles (TBD, "road load
family"?) a coast down has to be performed and
has to be within a certain tolerance (TBD) to
wind tunnel + flat belt. These measurements to
be performed with the identical vehicle and
identical configured vehicle. Achieving this
accuracy, the c
d
*A value from the wind tunnel
for this vehicle group can be determined in the
wind tunnel.

Wind tunnel
description
(GTR definition
Annex 4, 3.2)
Optional, if during discussion
it turns out, that we need it:
Additional periodical tests with
standard-bodies / vehicles to
compare wind tunnels
between different labs (EADE
prescriptions) supervised by
the type approval authority?
Measurement definitions to be developed (e.g.
vehicle condition).
EADE definitions?
Page 6
WLTP WIND TUNNEL CONCEPT
NEXT STEPS

Next steps and main questions to be discussed in the wind tunnel task force:
Remark: Until now no expert discussion has taken place.

Do we need absolute values, or does it work with big families and deltas (like combined
approach)?

Do we need a kind of comparison or certification?

Time schedule for testing to be developed until Geneva meeting.
WLTP wind tunnel concept, BMW, 13.03.2014