ENVIRONMENT IMPACT

ASSESSSMENT
Presented By:
K. Srikanth Reddy 271259
Shardul Tagalpallewar 27132
!yush Ta"#i 271327
$anas %atsa 2713&1
!kshay %asani 2713&'

It includes the conditions under which any

individuals or thing exists, live or develop.

Environmental studiesis a broader

academic discipline that is the systematic
study of interaction of humans with their
environment. It is a broad feld of study that
includes the natural environment, built
environments andsocial environments.
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Abiotic Factors!
"and, water, atmosphere, climate, sound, odours
and taste.

#iotic Factors!

Fauna $animal life of a region or geological

period% Flora $the plants of a particular region or
geological period% Ecology, bacteria and viruses&
and all those social factors which ma'e up the
(uality of life.
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)he word environment emerged in

response to the public health
*. In sanitary $dirty or germ carrying% dwellings
and streets.
+. ,ontaminated public water supplies.
-. .rain and sanitation.
/. 0ublic nuisances.
1. 2nhygienic food processing.
&
3. 4vercrowding.
5. 6efuse dump.
7. Epidemics $wide spread of diseases%
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Environmental Impact Assessment $EIA%
refers to the evaluation of the
environmental impacts li'ely to raise from
a ma8or pro8ect signifcantly a9ecting the
environment.

*. 0rocedural principle EIA establishes a

systematic method for incorporating
environmental considerations into
decision!ma'ing&
+. Informational principle EIA provides the
necessary elements to ma'e an informed
decision&
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-. 0reventive principle EIA should be
applied at the earliest opportunity within
the decision!ma'ing process to allow
the anticipation and avoidance of
environmental impacts wherever
possible& and
/. Iterative principle the information
generated by EIA is made available to
interested parties to elicit a response
which in turn should be fed bac' into EIA
process.
(

)o identify and assess any potentially adverse

environmental e9ects of a new development.

)he adverse impacts could be avoided or reduce.

)o ensure that environmental conse(uences were

ta'en into account during planning, designing :
decision ;a'ing process.

)o in<uence how it is subse(uently managed

during its implementation.
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Environmental Impact Assessment emerged in
the 2nited =tates as a response to the rise of
environmental movements of the *>3?s that
raised awareness of the serious environmental
e9ects of human activities which were
inade(uately controlled by existing planning
regulation and pollution control measures.
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)he spread of EIA to other countries gained
momentum due to four fundamental factors

First, an increasing awareness among the

general public of the danger and impacts of
ma8or development and new technologies due
to a better scientifc 'nowledge and publicity.

=econdly, the increasing activities of

environmental pressure groups, For example
@Friends of the EarthA in the 2B the political
e9ectiveness of these groups was intensifed
by scientifc evidence and media coverage.
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)he third, was the widespread concern about the

sheer scale of resource developments and their
associated environmental e9ects.

Fourth, all of the above reasons made the

western developed nations more cautious and
responsive to environmental concerns.
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)he process of an EIA commences at the early

stages of a pro8ect. Chen the pro8ect is frst
considered, not when construction has begun.

4nce a developer has identifed a need,

assessed pro8ect design and site& the next step is
to see the positive and negative e9ects of this
development on the environment.

)he outcome of the screening process is a

decision to either include or exclude the
development from the full EIA 0rocess.
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=hould a formal EEA be re(uired then the next

phase is to defne the issues which need to be
addresses.

=coping is a very 'ey stage of the EIA process in

which those impacts which might have
signifcant e9ect on the environment, to be
addressed in the EIA, are determined.
1&

.evelop a communication plan $decide who to

tal' to and when%.

Assemble information that will be the starting

point of discussion.

;a'e the information available to those whose

views are to be obtained.

Find out what issues people are concerned about.

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"oo' at the issues from a technical or scientifc

perspective in preparation for further study.

4rganiDe information according to issues

including grouping and setting priorities.

.evelop a strategy for addressing and resolving

each 'ey issue, including information
re(uirements and terms of reference for further
studies.
1

4nce it has been determined that a pro8ect

has potentially signifcant impacts on the
environment and the main issues to be
considered in the study have been identifed, the
EIA has to be underta'en and presented in the
form of an Environmental Impact Assessment
report.

)he assessment must determine the

signifcance of direct and indirect impacts, both
benefcial and adverse, and the duration of the
impacts.
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)he impact the pro8ect would have on the physical

environment.

Any possible pollution of the soil, of waters of all 'inds such

as surface, underground, costal and of the atmosphere.

)he impact of the pro8ect on wildlife, the natural habitat

and all other ecological factors.

)he pro8ectEs li'ely in<uence on the (ualities of life of the

local populations.

Any in<uence the pro8ect may have on existing industry

and employment.

Any need that may result for new or improved

infrastructure such as utilities, transport, housing, school
recreational amenities etc.
1(
4nce the EIA is completed and the EIA report is
submitted to the competent authority, it has to be
ensured that the EIA has been conducted properly, that
all of the necessary analysis have been underta'en and
are contained in the fnal report. It is necessary to
develop review criteria to chec' the accuracy and
comprehensiveness of the EIA 6eport.
)he review can be carried out by decision ma'er or by
review committee, however e9ective review criteria
should allow an authority to

Ensure that all relevant information has been analysed

and presented.

Assess the validity and accuracy of information

contained in EIA 6eport.
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Fuic'ly become familiar with the proposed

pro8ect and consider whether additional
information is needed.

Assess the signifcance of the pro8ectEs

environmental e9ects.

Evaluate the need for mitigation and monitoring

of environmental impact and advise on whether a
pro8ect should be allowed to proceed.
2'
4nce the study is fnished and EIA report is
submitted, the responsible decision!ma'ers start
what is often the diGcult tas' of balancing
environmental, economic, political and technical
factors in reaching a fnal decision regarding the
course of action to be ta'en.
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;onitoring is an activity underta'en to provide
specifc information on the characteristics and
functioning of environmental and social variables
in space and time. )he monitoring activities can
be classifed as

#aseline monitoring conducted before the

development of the pro8ect and oriented towards

establishing the baseline environmental
conditions.
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,onstruction monitoring carried out during the

construction and oriented either to the emissions
and discharges of the installation or to the status
of the environmental variable.

After!use monitoring to be carried out when the

installation is left or has fnished its operative
period and oriented to residual emissions,
e.g.long term evaluation of the environmental
conditions.
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THANK YOU