Outlines

GSM Introduction (3 hrs)

GPRS Introduction (3 hrs)

SMS & EMS (3 hrs) (Ref: 3GPP TS 23.040_MMS.df)

MMS (! hrs) (Ref: 3GPP TS 23."40_MMS#$.df)

MMS %&ic'tion ((')' 2 Micro Edition) Pro*r'++in* (! hrs)

MMS %&ic'tion ((')' 2 Micro Edition) Pro*r'++in* (! hrs)

,S
S
GPRS net-or.
/o*ic'& net-or. e&e+ents
GPRS
0ore
net-or.
E1tern
'&
'c.et
net-or
.s
2'&ue
'dded
ser)ice
s
(3%P)

GPRS net-or.
/o*ic'& net-or. e&e+ents
BTS BSC SGSN = Serving GPRS Support Node
GGSN = Gateway GPRS Support Node
NMS = Network Management System
BG = Border Gateway
CG = Charging Gateway
FW = Firewa
!"G = !aw#u "nter$eption Gateway
NMS
GGSN
GGSN
LIG
DNS
FW
"nternet
BG
"nterP!MN
Network
SGSN
CG
Biing
Center
GPRS
Backbone
"ntranet
Router
Server
!%N
Corporate
FW
&perator
Servi$es
!%N
GGSN

SGSN & GGSN
functionalities
BTS BSC
SGSN
GGSN
"nternet
GPRS
Ba$k'one
"P Network
FW
SS(
)!R
MSC*
+!R
4 GTP tunne&in* to SGS5
4 Interf'ces to e1tern'& IP
net-or.s
4 0h'r*in* & st'tistics
4 5MS interf'ces
4 %uthentic'tion
4 GTP tunne&in* to GGS5
4 0iherin* & co+ression
4 Mo6i&it7 +'n'*e+ent
4 Inter'ction -ith 8/R9
MS0:2/R
4 0h'r*in* & st'tistics
4 5MS interf'ces
SGSN SGSN
GGSN GGSN

4
Mobility management
4
Authentication
4
Ciphering & compression
4
Protocol conversion
4
GTP tunneling to GGSN
4
Interaction ith !"#$ MSC%&"#
4
Charging & statistics
4
NMS interfaces
'unctions((()
Ser)in* GPRS Suort 5ode
(SGS5)

G'te-'7 GPRS Suort 5ode
(GGS5)
4
Essenti'&&7 ' router
4
Interf'ces to e1tern'& IP net-or.s
4
GTP tunne&in* to SGS5
4
0h'r*in* & st'tistics
4
5MS interf'ces
'unctions((()

,order G'te-'7 (,G)
4
Essenti'&&7 ' router si+i&'r to GGS5
4
Pro)ides ' secure ;tunne&; for
tr'nsferrin* d't' on the inter<P/M5
6'c.6one 6et-een different
oer'tors
4
Suorts rotoco&s &i.e ,GP<4
'unctions((()

$o+'in 5'+e Ser)er ($5S)
4
St'nd'rd IP de)ice
4
0on)erts do+'in n'+es into IP 'ddresses
4
,'sed on ' hier'rchic'& & distri6uted
+ode&
'unctions((()

#ire-'&& (#3)
4
St'nd'rd IP de)ice
4
Protects '*'inst un'uthori=ed 'ccess
(h'c.ers)
'unctions((()

0h'r*in* G'te-'7 (0G)
4
Collects charging *ata from SGSN & GGSN
4
Processes the charging *ata & forar*s it
to the +illing System
'unctions((()

/'-fu& Intercetion G'te-'7
(/IG)
4
Intercepts user *ata$ MM information$
subscriber information etc)
4
'orar*s it to "a ,nforcement Agency -",A.
'unctions((()

GPRS Interf'ces
)!R
Air (Um)
Gb Gb
Gs
Gr Gf
Gn Gn
Gn Gn
"nter,P!MN
GPRS
Ba$k'one
Gp Gp
-.terna
pa$ket
network
Gi Gi
SGSN
-"R
BSC
MSC*
+!R
SMS,
GMSC
Gd
GGSN
BG
Signalling an* *ata
Signalling
Ga
G
a
CG
Gc
Abis

GGS5 function'&ities
GPRS
Ba$k'one
!ayers / 0 1
Network ayer
BTS BSC
SGSN
GGSN
"nternet
GPRS
Core
Network
SS(
)!R
MSC*
+!R
TCP*23P
"P
%PP
!/
!1
Pu'i$
3ata Network
!ayers / 0 1
Tunneed
payoad
Network ayer
Transport ayer
Transport ayer
GPRS tunne
%ppi$ation !ayer
Server
!/
!1
"P
GTP
2S-R
P%4!&%3
23P

GPRS 'rchitecture .e7 oints (")
The Gateay GP#S Support No*e -GGSN./
>
acts as the interface beteen the GP#S netor0 an* e1ternal
netor0s
>
collects charging *ata an* traffic statistics
>
can allocate IP2a**resses for users
>
routes pac0ets coming from e1ternal netor0s toar*s the
correct SGSN an* vice versa
Serving GP#S Support No*e -SGSN./
>
converts protocols use* in the IP bac0bone to protocols use* in
the +SS an* the MS
>
ta0es care of authentication an* mobility management
>
routes *ata to the relevant GGSN hen connection to an
e1ternal netor0 is re3uire*
>
collects charging *ata an* traffic statistics)

Mo6i&it7 M'n'*e+ent St'tes
>
The tr'c.in* of the &oc'tion of 'n MS deends on the
mobility management state. GPRS h's three +o6i&it7
+'n'*e+ent st'tes.
4
I4",
4
#,A45
4
STAN4+5
>
E'ch st'te descri6es ' cert'in &e)e& of function'&it7 &
infor+'tion '&&oc'ted.
>
The ch'n*e 6et-een the st'tes h'ens uon 'cti)it7 or
-hen ' ti+er e1ires.

Mo6i&it7 M'n'*e+ent St'tes
4
I*le State
>
Su6scri6er is not 'tt'ched to the GPRS net-or.
>
5o )'&id MM conte1t of the su6scri6er e.*. MS
s-itched off
R%,/
+!R,/
)!R
SGSN,/
BSC
"MS" 155666
+!R
"MS"
!%"
SGSN7
"MS" 7
R% 7
Ce 7
!%,/

Mo6i&it7 M'n'*e+ent St'tes
4
#ea*y State
>
%fter successfu& GPRS %tt'ch
>
/oc'tion tr'c.ed to the ce&& &e)e&
>
%cti)'tion & de'cti)'tion of P$P conte1t ossi6&e
>
Sendin* 'nd recei)in* of SMS is ossi6&e
>
MS c'n recei)e '*in* for circuit s-itched ser)ices (otion'&)
>
$'t' c'n not 6e tr'nsferred unti& ' P$P conte1t is 'cti)'ted.
%fter the P$P conte1t 'cti)'tion9 the SGS5 c'n send d't' to the
MS -ithout '*in* 't 'n7 ti+e.
>
Re'd7 ti+er e1ir7 +o)es MS to the ST%5$,? st'te

Mo6i&it7 M'n'*e+ent St'tes
4
Stan*by State
>
Su6scri6er is 'tt'ched to the MM conte1t
>
/oc'tion tr'c.ed 't R% &e)e&
>
If SGS5 recei)es ' 'c.et for the MS9 it '*es in the R%.
% P$P conte1t +ust 6e 'cti)e.
>
%cti)'tion of P$P conte1t ossi6&e. If the MS sends d't'9
it +o)es to the re'd7 st'te.
>
MS c'n recei)e '*in* for 0S ser)ices (otion'&)
>
The MS Re'ch'6&e Ti+er st'rts tic.in* -hen the MS
enters the St'nd67 st'te & the MS is det'ched (I$/E
st'te) uon its e1ir7 (I+&icit det'ch).

Mo6i&it7 M'n'*e+ent < GPRS
%tt'ch (")
)!R
SGSN,/
BSC
R%,/
!%,/
1a 1'
/
"
(") MS re@uests GPRS 'tt'ch
(2') The MS is not .no-n in the P/M5 so the SGS5 re@uests
su6scri6er identit7 (first ti+e)
(26) The MS sends its IMSI.

GPRS %tt'ch (2) <%uthentic'tion
8d
8a
8'
)!R
R%,/
SGSN,/
BSC
!%,/
8$
(3') SGS5 re@uests tri&ets fro+ 8/R
(36) The %0 *ener'tes the tri&ets 'nd h'nds the+ to the SGS5
(3c) The SGS5 sends 'n %uthentic'tion Re@uest to the MS
(3d) MS sends 6'c. the %uthentic'tion Resonse
The SGS5 erfor+s the 'uthentic'tion

GPRS %tt'ch (3) < IMEI chec.
-"R
SGSN,/
R%,/
BSC
!%,/
5a
5'
5$
5d
(4') SGS5 's.s for the MS IMEI
(46) MS sends the IMEI
(4c) SGS5 sends ' 0hec. IMEI +ess'*e to the EIR
(4d) EIR re&ies -ith ' 0hec. IMEI 'c. th't -i&& inc&ude the &ist t7e

Mobility Management 2 GP#S Attach
-6.
9'
SGSN,/
R%,/
BSC
!%,/
)!R
9a
9$
9d
:a
:'
(A') SGS5 sends 'n Bd'te &oc'tion +ess'*e to the 8/R -ith the IMSI
(A6) The 8/R resonds 67 *i)in* su6scri6er d't' to the SGS5
(Ac) The SGS5 'c.no-&ed*es th't it h's recei)ed the su6scri6er d't' o.
(Ad) The 8/R ends the tr'ns'ction -ith 'n Bd'te /oc'tion 'c.no-&ed*e
(C') The SGS5 'ccets the GPRS 'tt'ch 'nd sends the MS ' ne- P<TMSI
(C6) The MS 'c.no-&ed*es th't it h's recei)ed the ne- P<TMSI

Session Management 2 P4P Conte1t
Activation
4
Dne or +ore 'ddresses c'n 6e 'ssi*ned to 'n IMSI (MS).
4
0ont'ins +'in* 'nd routin* infor+'tion for
tr'nsferrin* P$Bs 6et-een MS 'nd GGS5.
4
Infor+'tion inc&udes: IP 'ddress9 %ccess Point 5'+e9
EoS9 R'dio Priorit79 5S%PI9 'nd //0 S%PI.
4
Static a**resses: 'ddress '&&oc'ted 67 oer'tor to 'n MS
er+'nent&7 'nd this 'ddress is stored in the 8/R.
4
4ynamic a**resses: GGS5 d7n'+ic'&&7 '&&oc'tes 'nd
re&e'ses 'ddresses 's P$P conte1ts 're 'cti)'ted 'nd
de'cti)'ted.
Process of 'ssi*nin* 'n IP 'ddress for 6eco+in* ' 'rt of the IP net-or.

P$P conte1t 'cti)'tion
D)er)ie-
SGSN
R%,/
BSC
!%,/
8'
GGSN
8a
/
1
5
". %cti)'te P$P conte1t re@uest
2. %uth. :IMEI chec. (otion'&)
3'. 0re'te P$P conte1t re@uest
36. 0re'te P$P conte1t resonse
4. %cti)'te P$P conte1t 'ccet

P$P 0onte1t %cti)'tion < "
BTS BSC
SGSN
GGSN
"ntranet
GPRS
Core
Network
SS(
)!R
3NS
7) MS sen*s 8Activate P4P Conte1t
#e3uest8 to SGSN
> Access Point Name
> P4P Type -IP.
> P4P A**ress -empty 9 *ynamic.
> :oS & other options
"nternet
%PN=
;"ntranet6!td6$om;

!
%$$ess
Point
;) SGSN chec0s Subscription *ata
Access Point Name
4ynamic % static IP a**ress

P4P Conte1t Activation 2 ;/
'in*ing the GGSN
BTS BSC
SGSN
GGSN
GPRS
Core
Network
3NS
<) SGSN gets the GGSN IP a**ress from 4NS
APN maps to the GGSN IP a**ress
"ntranet
"nternet
"
#
%$$ess
Point
6) SGSN sen*s 8Create P4P Conte1t #e3uest8
to GGSN
P4P Type -e)g) IP.
P4P A**ress -if empty9= *ynamic a**ress.
Access Point Name
:oS & other options

P4P Conte1t Activation 2 <
Access Point Selection
BTS BSC
SGSN
GGSN
GPRS
Core
Network
3NS
4
Access Point Name refers to the
e1ternal netor0 the subscriber
ants to use
>
Physical%logical interface in
GGSN
4 Access Point configuration in GGSN
*efines here to connect the user
"ntranet
"nternet
%PN=
;"ntranet6!td6$om;

P$P 0onte1t $e'cti)'tion
4
The MS or the net-or. c'n de'cti)'te ' P$P conte1t.
4
E)er7 'ddress c'n 6e de'cti)'ted se'r'te&79 6ut erfor+in* '
GPRS Detach -i&& 'uto+'tic'&&7 re+o)e '&& the P$P conte1ts.

SMS d't' tr'nsfer
MSC
G,MSC
SGSN
)!R
SMSC
") SMS
2)
4')
46)
a. MSC a**ress
b. SGSN a**ress
2). Send routin* info. for Short Mess'*e
(GMS0<8/R)
Send routin* info. for Short Mess'*e resu&t
(8/R<GMS0)
36)
3')

P4P Conte1t Activation 2 6
Conte1t Activate*
BTS BSC
SGSN
GGSN
GPRS
Core
Network
4 >ser authenticate* O? -non2transparent case.
4 >ser *ynamic IP a**ress allocate* by
#A4I>S server$ or 4!CP server$ or GGSN
internal pool
@) GGSN sen*s 8Create P4P Conte1t #esponse8
bac0 to SGSN
"ntranet
"nternet
$
%
A) SGSN sen*s 8Activate P4P Conte1t Accept8
to the MS
4 SGSN no rea*y to route user traffic beteen
MS an* GGSN

GP#S Attach v%s P4P Conte1t
Activation
4
GP#S Attach
>
MO+I"IT5 MANAG,M,NT P#OC,4>#,
>
Est'6&ishes ' &o*ic'& &in. 6et-een the MS 'nd the SGS5.
>
M'.es the MS ')'i&'6&e for SMS o)er GPRS9 '*in* )i'
SGS59 'nd notific'tion of inco+in* GPRS d't'.
>
Tr'ns+ission of user d't' is not ossi6&e
4
P4P Conte1t Activation
>
IP 'ddress is 'ssi*ned to the MS.
>
M'.es the MS .no-n in the corresondin* GGS5.
>
S,SSION MANAG,M,NT P#OC,4>#,

Conte1t Activation for a #oaming >ser -B.
SGSN
SGSN
)&M-
&perator
GPRS
BG
BG
6GPRS
3NS
"nter,P!MN
GPRS
Ba$k'one
DNS
DNS
GGSN
&isi'ed (pera'or
3NS
)&M-

Conte1t Activation for a #oaming >ser -7.
SGSN
SGSN
-m'assy
"ntranet
Singapore
GPRS
Ba$k'one
)&M-
&perator
GPRS
BG
BG
6GPRS
3NS
"nter,P!MN
GPRS
Ba$k'one
DNS
DNS
GGSN
GSM &P-R%T&R< Finand
&isi'ed (pera'or) Sin*apore
3NS
)&M-
!

"

Conte1t Activation for a #oaming >ser -;.
SGSN
-m'assy
"ntranet
Singapore
GPRS
Ba$k'one
)&M-
&perator
GPRS
BG
BG
+GPRS
DNS
+GPRS
DNS
"nter,P!MN
GPRS
Ba$k'one
DNS
DNS
GGSN
GSM&P-R%T&R< Finand
&isi'ed (pera'or) Sin*apore
3NS
)&M-
#
$

Conte1t Activation for a #oaming >ser -<.
SGSN
-m'assy
"ntranet
Singapore
GPRS
Ba$k'one
)&M-
&perator
GPRS
BG
BG
6GPRS
3NS
"nter,P!MN
GPRS
Ba$k'one
DNS
DNS
GGSN
GSM&P-R%T&R< Finand
&isi'ed (pera'or) Sin*apore
DNS
,(-.
DNS
,(-.
%
/

Conte1t Activation for a #oaming >ser -6.
SGSN
SGSN
-m'assy
"ntranet
Singapore
GPRS
Ba$k'one
)&M-
&perator
GPRS
BG
BG
6GPRS
3NS
"nter,P!MN
GPRS
Ba$k'one
DNS
DNS
GGSN
GGSN
GSM&P-R%T&R< Finand
&isi'ed (pera'or) Sin*apore
3NS
)&M-
0
1

The 4ata 'lo in a #oaming Case
SGSN
-m'assy
"ntranet
Singapore
GPRS
Ba$k'one
)&M-
&perator
GPRS
BG
BG
"nter,P!MN
Ba$k'one
GGSN
GSM&P-R%T&R< Finand
&isi'ed (pera'or) Sin*apore

Connection options
SGSN
Singapore
GPRS
Ba$k'one
)&M-
&perator
GPRS
BG
BG
GGSN
GGSN
In'erne'
GGSN
GGSN
.mbass2
In'rane'
In'er3PL-N
Backbone
BG
BG
Gp
Gp
Gi
Gi

#oaming$ 4ynamic IP2a**ress from !ome
Netor0$ APN Alays the Same
SGSN
SGSN
)&M-
&perator
GPRS
BG
BG
"nter,P!MN
GPRS
Ba$k'one
GGSN
+isited &perator
Access Poin'
IP address c4an*es
GGSN
+isited,P!MN
GPRS
Ba$k'one
"nternet*
"ntranet

#oaming$ 4ynamic IP2a**ress from
a &isite* Netor0
SGSN
SGSN
)&M-
&perator
GPRS
BG
BG
"nter,P!MN
GPRS
Ba$k'one
GGSN
+isited &perator
Access Poin'
5+5+5+5
GGSN
+isited,P!MN
GPRS
Ba$k'one
"nternet

Charging of GP#S services
SGSN
(pera'or
IP backbone
GGSN
Border Ga'e6a2
In'er opera'or
IP ne'6ork
In'erne'
Bi77in* S2s'em
C4ar*in* *a'e6a2
Nokia GPRS C4ar*in*
Ga'e6a28
9 recei:es CDRs *enera'ed b2
SGSN and GGSN
=conso7ida'es and mer*es
CDRs 'o a s;i'ab7e forma' for
BS
G<P=
G<P=

GGSN Charging 'unctions
CG
In'erne'
GGSN
(pera'or
IP backbone
SGSN
G,C3Rs
GGSN C4# -P4P conte1t *ata. / G2C4#
Start collection/
2 P4P conte1t activation
Stop collection/
2 P4P conte1t *eactivation
Collecte* information e)g)
2 Traffic volumes
uplin0%*onlin0
2 :oS negotiate*
2 4uration
2 SGSN & GGSN a**ress
2 Access Point Name

SGSN Charging 'unctions
SGS5 0$R (P$P conte1t d't') : S<0$R
St'rt co&&ection:
< P$P conte1t 'cti)'tion
Sto co&&ection:
< P$P conte1t de'cti)'tion
0o&&ected infor+'tion e.*.
< Tr'ffic )o&u+es u&in.:do-n&in.
< EoS re@uested:ne*oti'ted
< $ur'tion
< SGS5 & GGS5 'ddress
< %ccess Point 5'+e
Mo6i&it7 M'n'*e+ent 0$R : M<0$R
St'rt co&&ection:
< GPRS 'cti)'tion : Inco+in* SGS5 R%
ud'te
Sto co&&ection:
< GPRS de'cti)'tion : Dut*oin* SGS5 R%
ud'te
0o&&ected infor+'tion
< /oc'tion ch'n*es
CG
S,C3Rs
M,C3Rs
SMS,
C3Rs
In'erne'
GGSN
(pera'or
IP backbone
SGSN

CG 'unctionality
4
0$R co&&ection fro+ GS5s (0G recei)es the 0$Rs
-ith GTP;)
4
inter+edi'te stor'*e for 0$Rs
4
0$R )'&id'tion
4
0$R conso&id'tion
4
0$R for+'ttin*
4
'd't'tion to different 00, S7ste+ interf'ces
4
to reduce the 0$R rocessin* &o'd of the 00, S7ste+
M'in t's.s of 0G 're:

GP#S Charging intro*uces ne billing
concepts
GSM
tra##i$
GPRS
tra##i$
Rating
'ased on>
Dia77ed di*i's Access Poin' Name
IP Address A77oca'ion
2sage
'ased on>
Ca77 d;ra'ion
S-S 'ransac'ion
Da'a &o7;me
Con'e5' d;ra'ion
S-S 'ransac'ion
"ntermediate
re$ords>
Necessar2 No' needed

#oaming case 7
SGSN
GGSN
APN
(pera'or A
IP backbone
GGSN
APN
(pera'or B
IP backbone
In'erne'
Border Gateway
SGSN
CG
CG
CCB CCB
,(-.
N.<W(R>
&ISI<ING
N.<W(R>
C!-%R"NG
&isi'or

SGSN
GGSN
APN
(pera'or A
IP backbone
GGSN
APN
(pera'or B
IP backbone
In'erne'
Border Gateway
SGSN
CG CG
CCB
CCB
C!-%R"NG
&ISI<ING
N.<W(R>
,(-.
N.<W(R>
&isi'or
#oaming case ;

APN (Access Poin' Name)
=APN?Ne'6ork ID@(pera'or ID
Example:
internet201.kgt.com,tw.mnc088.mcc466.gprs
=Se7ec'ion -ode
*SentByMS: MS!pro"i#e# $%&, s'(scription not "eri)ie#.
*S'(scri(e#: MS or &etwork!pro"i#e# $%&, s'(scription "eri)ie#.
**+osenByS,S&: &etwork!pro"i#e# $%&, s'(scription not "eri)ie#)
=<4e SGSN se7ec' '4e APN 'o be ;sed 'o deri:e '4e GGSN address
=Wi7d Card APN8 <4e ;ser can se7ec' 64ic4e:er APN 4e 6an's

MS Re?uest 7
N
4
Wid Card 7
4
*+osenByS,S&
N
Singe P3P in )!R7
4
S'(scri(e#
P3P Conte.t
%$tivate Re@e$t
Wid Card 7
N
S'(scri(e# SentByMS
N
4
Se7ec'ion A7*ori'4m

"MS" 66666666666666666666 5::AA.............
SGSN %33R-SS 666666666666
MT,SMS +"% SGSN 666666666 N
N-TW&RB %CC-SS 6666666666 B&T)
P3P C&NT-CT "3 6666666666 /
P3P T4P- 6666666666666666 "Pv5
P3P %33R-SS 6666666666666
+P!MN %!!&W-3 66666666666 N
PR-C-3-NS- C!%SS 66666666 1
3-!%4 C!%SS 6666666666666 5
R-!"%B"!"T4 C!%SS 6666666 2
P-%B T)R&2G)P2T C!%SS 666 D
M-%N T)R&2G)P2T C!%SS 666 8/
%PN 666666666666666666666 E
Wi7d Card APN in ,LR

" PDP Con'e5' in ,LR
"MS" 66666666666666666666 5::AA.............
SGSN %33R-SS 666666666666
MT,SMS +"% SGSN 666666666 N
N-TW&RB %CC-SS 6666666666 B&T)
P3P C&NT-CT "3 6666666666 /
P3P T4P- 6666666666666666 "Pv5
P3P %33R-SS 6666666666666
+P!MN %!!&W-3 66666666666 N
PR-C-3-NS- C!%SS 66666666 1
3-!%4 C!%SS 6666666666666 5
R-!"%B"!"T4 C!%SS 6666666 8
P-%B T)R&2G)P2T C!%SS 666 D
M-%N T)R&2G)P2T C!%SS 666 8/
%PN 666666666666666666666 internet

(Gn VLAN)
INTERNET
ggsn01
ggsn04
Dns-2
sgsn-01
BG1
MS1
Roaming APN :x.x.x.x
MS1
BSS
MS2
mnc088.mcc466.gprs mnc088.mcc466.gprs
HLR
Roamin* connec'i:i'2
Dns-1
Gp VLAN1
.
DCN Rout!
IT Rout!
E1
L"#$%" ATM &VC
Router Router
Router
ggsn01
ggsn02
sgsn
(Gn VLAN)
(Gn VLAN)
ggsn01
ggsn02
sgsn
ggsn0'
sgsn-02
BSS
ggsn02
ggsn0'
BSS
Hut()*son
Root DNS
GRA connec'i:i'2 (:ia in'erne')
A*(nt
Gn +an
BG
GGSN
SGSN
BSS
MS
MS1
BG2
+an
&PN :ia in'erne'
HLR
SS7