ENGLISH SUMMARY

Levels III and IV

Verb To be

Content
Verb To be
My name is Lisa Simpson

Im Chilean, Im from Santiago

Their favorite sports are football and volleyball

Its 10:00 oclock

Its sunny today, but it isnt warm


Can you think of more examples?
Verb To be
Positive form


I Am Im
He
She
It
Is

Hes
Shes
Its
We
You
They
Are Were
Youre
Theyre
Short forms
Verb To be
Negative form


I Am not Im not
He
She
It
Is not

Hes not / he isnt
Shes not / she isnt
Its not / it isnt
We
You
They
Are not Were not / we arent
Youre not / you arent
Theyre not / they arent
Short forms
Verb To be
Interrogative form


Am
I ? Yes I am / No, I am not
Is
He ?
She ?
It
Yes he is / No, he isnt
Yes she is / No, she isnt
Yes it is / No, it isnt
Are
We ?
You ?
They ?
Yes we are / No, we arent
Yes you are / No, we arent
Yes they are / No, they arent
Short answers
Comprehension check
Make questions with these words

1. Is / at home / your mother
2. Your / parents /are / well
3. Interesting / is / your job
4. The shops / are / open today
5. From / where / you / are
6. Interested in spot / you / are
7. Is / near here / the post office
8. At school / are / your children
9. You / are / late / why
Verbs are used in infinitive form. E.g.: Work
In the third person (he/she/it), you add an s to
the verbs in affirmative form.
Auxiliaries: Do-Does
Present Simple
Present Simple
Expresses a habit or often repeated action.
Adverbs of frequency such as: often (a
menudo), seldom (rara vez), sometimes (a
veces), never (nunca), etc. are used with this
tense. E.g.:

She goes to work everyday
They always eat lunch together

Present Simple
This tense also expresses general truths or
facts that are timeless. E.g.:

Snow falls in the December in Minnesota.

Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.




Present Simple
Present simples negative corresponds to
dont/doesnt + verb. E.g.:

A: coffee?
B: No, thanks. I dont drink coffee

A doesnt drink coffee
Present Simple
I dont drink coffee but I
drink tea
Sue drinks tea but she
doesnt drink coffee
You dont work very hard
We dont watch T.V very
often
Myriam and Sylvana dont
know many people

?
Negative

Affirmative
Present Simple
Present simples interrogative is formed by
using do/does. E.g.:

Do you play chess?

What kind of movies does she like?


Present Simple
Do play tennis?
Do your parents
speak English?
Does Gary work
hard?
Does your sister live
in London?
Do you like
Reggeaton?




?
Interrogative Short answer
Verbs are used in gerund form. E.g.:
Working
Auxiliaries: am-are-is

Present continuous or
progressive
Present Progressive
This tense is used to describe an action that is
occurring right now (at this moment, today, this
year, etc.). The action has begun and is still in
progress. E.g.:

She is typing a paper for her class.

He cant talk. He is fixing the sink right now.





Present Progressive
The present progressive can also be used to
describe an action that is occurring in the
present, but is temporary.

John is living in Italy, but he might move soon

Present Progressive
Present progressives negative corresponds to
am not/arent/isnt + verb. E.g.:

I play the guitar but I am not playing the
guitar now

They arent paying attention to the class

She isnt writing she is editing.

Present Progressive
I am not drinking coffee,
but I am drinking tea
Sue is drinking tea but she
isnt drinking coffee
You are not working very
hard
We are not watching TV
(very often X)
Myriam and Sylvana are
not meeting many people

?
Negative

Affirmative
Present Progressive
Present progressives interrogative is formed
by usin1g am/are/is just like in the present
simple. E.g.:

Are you playing chess?

What is Bill trying to do?


Present Progressive
Are playing tennis?
Are your parents
speaking English?
Is Gary working hard?
Is your sister living in
London?
What am I dancing?




?
Interrogative Short answer
Verbs are used in past form. E.g.:
Worked (regular)
Caught (irregular)

Auxiliary: Did

Past Simple
Past Simple
We use the simple past to indicate exactly
when an action or event took place in the past.
E.g.:

I visited my sister yesterday.

We went out to dinner last night.





Past Simple
The simple past is use1d to describe actions
and/or events that are now completed and no
longer true in the present.

I attended MJC in 1998. (I no longer attend
MJC.)
I saw a movie every weekend when I was a
teenager. (I dont see movies very much
anymore.)
Past Simple
Past simples negative corresponds to didnt.
E.g.:

I didnt play the guitar
They didnt pay attention to the class.
She didnt write, she edited.

Past Simple
I didnt drink coffee, I drank
tea.
Sue didnt drink tea but
she drank coffee.
You didnt work very hard.
You didnt watch TV very
often.
Myriam and Sylvana didnt
meet many people.

?
Negative

Affirmative
Past Simple
Past simples interrogative is formed by using
DID. E.g.:

Did you play chess?

What did Bill try to do?


Past Simple
Did play tennis?
Did your parents
speak English?
Did Gary work hard?
Did your sister live
in London?
What did I dance?




?
Interrogative Short answer
Verbs are used in gerund form. E.g.:
Working
Auxiliaries: was-were

Past Progressive
Past progressive
The past progressive is used to talk about an
activity that was in progress at a specific point of
time in the past. The emphasis is on the duration
of the activity in the past. E.g.:

I was studying for an exam while my mother was
cooking dinner.

We were walking in the park around 7 p.m. last
night.






Past progressive
The past progressive is often used with the
simple past to show that one action was in
progress when another action occurred.

I was taking a bath when the doorbell rang.

They were eating dinner when the neighbors
stopped by for a visit.

Past progressive
Past progressives negative corresponds to
wasnt/werent E.g.:

I wasnt playing the guitar.
They werent paying attention to the class.
She wasnt writing, she was editing.

Past progressive
I wasnt drinking coffee, I
was drinking tea.
Sue wasnt drinking tea but
she was drinking coffee.
You werent working very
hard.
You werent watching TV
very often.
Myriam and Sylvana
werent meeting many
people.

?
Negative

Affirmative
Past progressive
Past progressives interrogative is formed by
using was/were . E.g.:

Were you playing chess?

What was Bill trying to do?


Past progressive
Were you playing
tennis?
Were your parents
speaking English?
Was Gary working
hard?
Was your sister living
in London?
What was I dancing?




?
Interrogative Short answer
Verbs are used in infinitive form, e.g.: ork for the
future simple and in gerund form, e.g.: working
Auxiliaries: will (for future simple)
am-are-is (for be going to)

Future Simple and be going to
Future simple and be going to
Will and be + going + to are often used to
describe future actions. t. E.g.:

Thomas will graduate in June.

Maria is going to go to Mexico next week.







Future simple and be going to
The simple present and present progressive
are also used to express future time. These
are often used in connection with schedules.

She is meeting a new client at eleven oclock.

The train leaves at 6:00 a.m. tomorrow.


Future simple and be going to
Future simples negative corresponds to wont E.g.:

I wont play the guitar.
They wont pay attention to the class.
She wont write, she will editing.

Be going to negative corresponds to am not/arent/isnt

I am not going to play the guitar.
They are not going to pay attention in class.
She is not going to write, she is going to edit.


Future simple and be going to
I am not going to drink
coffee, I am going to drink
tea.
Sue will drinking tea, but
she wont drink coffee.
You wont work very hard.
You are not going to watch
TV very often.
Myriam and Sylvana will
not meet many people.

?
Negative

Affirmative
Future simple and be going to
Future simples interrogative is formed by using will . E.g.:

Will you playing chess?

What will Bill try to do?

Be going to interrogative is formed by using am/are/is .
E.g.:

Are you going to you play chess?

What is Bill going to try to do?




Future simple and be going to
Were you playing
tennis?
Were your parents
speaking English?
Was Gary working
hard?
Was your sister living
in London?
What was I dancing?




?
Interrogative Short answer