Submited by:-

Rajesh Meena
(IV B.Tech., VII
th
Semester)
Submitted To:-
Mr. D.R.Chitra
( Head, Electrical Engineering)
CONTENTS OF PRESENTATION :

Introduction
Bird view of Sub-station
220-KV Sub-station of Hindaun (Karauli)
Definition Of Sub-station
Types of Sub-Station
Functions of substation equipments
This project includes study of transmission
lines, bus bars, circuit breakers, relay, isolators,
earth switches, various types of transformers
such as power transformers, capacitor voltage
transformer, current transformers, lighting
arresters and grounding system of sub-station.
There are one incoming lines for 220-kV and it step-down at 33KV
outgoing feeder fro GSS,Hindaun City(Karauli) are four. There are two power
transformers and the capacity of the auto.

Out going feeder of 220 KV GSS, MANDAWAR, (DAUSA)




S. N.
Ratings Specifications 220 KV outgoing feeders
1. 132/33 KV, 20/25 MVA Power T/F
33, Laxmangarh
2. 132/33 KV, 20/25 MVA Power T/F 33, Mahwa
3. 132/33 KV, 10/12.5 MVA Power T/F 33, Ghadi
4. 132/33 KV, 10/12.5 MVA Power T/F 33, Rajgarh
Sub-station is a subsidiary station of an
electricity generation, transmission and
distribution system where voltage is transformed
from high to low or low to high voltage using
transformers.
1. To Change voltage from one level to another.
2. To Regulate voltage to compensate for system voltage
changes.
3. To Switch transmission and distribution circuits into and out
of the grid system.
4. To Measure electric power quantity flowing in the circuits.
5. To Connect communication signals to the circuits.
6. To Eliminate lightning and other electrical surges from the
system.
7. To Connect electric generation plants to the system.
8. To Make interconnections between the electric systems of
more than one utility.
Transmission sub-station :-
A transmission sub-station is connects two or
more transmission lines.In such cases, the
substation contains high-voltage switches that allow
lines to be connected or isolated for fault clearance
or maintenance. A transmission station may have
transformers to convert the voltage from voltage level
to other level.
Distribution sub-station :-
A distribution sub-station transfers power from
the transmission system to the distribution system of
an area. It is uneconomical to directly connect
electricity consumers to the high-voltage main
transmission network, unless they use large amounts
of power. So the distribution station reduces voltage to
a value suitable for local distribution.
Collector sub-station :-
A collector sub-station steps up voltage to a
transmission voltage for the grid. The collector sub-
station also provides power factor correction, metering
and control of the wind farm. The collector systems
operates around 35 kv.
Sub-station should be located at load center
Sufficient land area
Grounding
Easy of maintenance
Possibility to Expand
Reliability and Security
Electrical design considerations
Many types of equipments are used in sub-
station like Bus-Bar, Circuit Breaker, Isolators,
Earthing switch, Current Transformer, Voltage
Transformer, Lightning Arrester, wave trap, Power
Transformer, shunt reactor etc.
Power Transformer :-
To step-up or step-down the voltage and
transfer power from one a.c. voltage another a.c.
voltage at the same frequency.
Current Transformer :-
To step-down currents for measurement, control
& protection.
CVT:-
A capacitor voltage transformer (CVT) is a transformer
used in power systems to step-down extra high voltage
signals and provide low voltage signals.
Circuit Breaker :-
Automatic switching during normal or abnormal
conditions.

Isolators :-
Disconnection under no-load condition for
safety, isolation and maintenance.
Lightning Arrester :-
To discharge lightning over voltages and
switching over voltages to earth.
It is incoming 220 kv feeder bus from which the line is taken to the transformer for
further step down. There are two bus systems.

1 Double main bus & transfer bus system
2 Mesh (Ring) bus bar system
Bus Bar
Relay

A relay is an automatic device by means of which an electrical circuit is
indirectly (opened or closed) and is governed by a change in the same or
another electrical circuit

There are many types of relay
1 Over current relay
2 I.D.M.T. fault relay
3 Impedance relay
4 Earth fault relay
5 Buchhloz relay
6 Differential relay
7 Auxiliary relay