COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING

UDAIPUR
B.E. 2
nd
YEAR 2011-12
SUMMER TRAINING REPORT


SUBMITTED BY-
HEMANT YADAV
ROADWAYS CENTRAL WORKSHOP, JODHPUR
1. DISPATCH SECTION
2. MACHINE SHOP
3. TESTING SECTION
4. AIR BRAKE ASSEMBLY
5. GEAR SHOP
6. SHEET METAL SHOP


This workshop is placed at 10 acre land in Bhadwasia, jodhpur. Total 300 workers work there. Daily no. of
buses of come here for repairing. Skilled workers do their job properly. Main problem come in engine due to
very much wear and tear. Bus mechanics repair diesel and gasoline engines in buses.

They may do major engine overhauls, transmission work, or preventive maintenance.
Many mechanics are responsible for shop cleanliness and safety. Bus mechanics work in large shops and usually
work a standard 40-hour week; however, many commercial shops are extending their service hours to include
nights and weekends.

Bus mechanics inspect buses for worn or broken parts, and replace or repair parts, engines, transmissions,
brakes, exhaust and electrical systems. They use a variety of hand and power tools as well as computers and
computer-aided diagnostic equipment. Bus mechanics use welding machines, lathes and grinders to perform
repairs. They inspect brake systems, both mechanical and air brakes. Bus mechanics clean and maintain tools,
equipment and the shop.


INTRODUCTION

- Rajasthan State Road Transport Corporation is the largest provider of intercity
bus transportation in the Indian state Rajasthan.
- It is headquartered in Jaipur, Rajasthan.
- The corporation has been established by Government of Rajasthan on 1 October
1964 under the Road Transport Act 1950 with the objective of providing economic,
adequate, punctual and efficient services to the traveling public in the state.
- Today RSRTC has entered in to 48th year of business, since its inception and is
committed to providing high quality bus services, consistently and constantly
improving the services for the satisfactio of the passengers.
- To fulfill the commitment, RSRTC has incorporated Ordinary, Express, Deluxe, A.G.
Gandhi Rath, A.C., A.G. Sleeper, Volvo-Mercedes, Volvo-Pantry, Volvo-LCD, Volvo-
LCD-Pantry bus services in fleet for all category of passengers.
- It has 5,000 buses in its fleet and about 54 depots across the state and 3 depots
outside the state i.e. Indore, Ahmedabad and Delhi.
- About 1 million passengers travel by its buses daily. RSRTC's services are to all
important place in Rajasthan and adjoining states of Gujarat, Haryana, Punjab,
Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra.
CRANKSHAFT
The crankshaft, sometimes abbreviated to crank, the "big ends" of the connecting
rods from each cylinder attach.
It typically connects to a flywheel to reduce the pulsation is the part of an engine that
translates reciprocating linear piston motion into rotation. To convert the reciprocating
motion into rotation, the crankshaft has "crank throws" or "crankpins", additional
bearing surfaces whose axis is offset from that of the crank, to which characteristic of
the four-stroke cycle, and sometimes a torsional or vibrational damper at the opposite
end, to reduce the torsional vibrations often caused along the length of the crankshaft by
the cylinders farthest from the output end acting on the torsional elasticity of the metal.
TURBOCHARGER
A turbocharger, or turbo (colloquialism), from the Greek "" (mixing/spinning) is a forced
induction device used to allow more power to be produced for an engine of a given size.
[1][2]
A
turbocharged engine can be more powerful and efficient than a naturally aspirated engine because
the turbine forces more air, and proportionately more fuel, into the combustion chamber than
atmospheric pressure alone.
Turbochargers were originally known as turbosuperchargers when all forced induction devices were
classified as superchargers; nowadays the term "supercharger" is usually applied to
only mechanically-driven forced induction devices.
[3]
The key difference between a turbocharger and a
conventional supercharger is that the latter is mechanically driven from the engine, often from a belt
connected to the crankshaft, whereas a turbocharger is driven by the engine's exhaust gasturbine.
Compared to a mechanically-driven supercharger, turbochargers tend to be more efficient but less
responsive.Twincharger refers to an engine which has both a supercharger and a turbocharger.
CLUTCH PLATE
PISTON RINGS
A clutch is a mechanical device that provides for the transmission of
power (and therefore usually motion) from one component (the
driving member) to another (the driven member) when engaged, but
can be disengaged.
Clutches are used whenever the transmission of power or motion
must be controlled either in amount or over time (e.g., electric
screwdrivers limit how much torque is transmitted through use of a
clutch; clutches control whether automobiles transmit engine power
to the wheels).
In the simplest application, clutches connect and disconnect two
rotating shafts (drive shafts or line shafts). In these devices, one shaft
is typically attached to a motor or other power unit (the driving
member) while the other shaft (the driven member) provides output
power for work.
A piston ring is a split ring that fits into a groove on the outer diameter
of a piston in a reciprocating engine such as an internal combustion
engine or steam engine.
The three main functions of piston rings in reciprocating engines are :
Sealing the combustion/expansion chamber.
Supporting heat transfer from the piston to the cylinder wall.
Regulating engine oil consumption.
[1]

The gap in the piston ring compresses to a few thousandths of an inch
when inside the cylinder bore.
Following are the important sections of workshop.

-Bus body repairs & its ancillary sections
-Engine & its ancillary Units
-Major Units, Brake, Transmission Units
-Electrical Units
-Tyre section
-Machine Shop & Reclamation
-Chassis overhaul, Repair and Scrapping
-Inspection Section & Chemical Lab
-Material ControlWork
-Study section
A piston is a component of reciprocating engines, reciprocating pumps, gas compressors and pneumatic cylinders, among
other similar mechanisms. It is the moving component that is contained by a cylinder and is made gas-tight by piston
rings. In an engine, its purpose is to transfer force from expanding gas in the cylinder to the crankshaft via a piston
rod and/or connecting rod. In a pump, the function is reversed and force is transferred from the crankshaft to the piston
for the purpose of compressing or ejecting the fluid in the cylinder. In some engines, the piston also acts as a valve by
covering and uncovering ports in the cylinder wall.
REAR AXLE
A group of subassemblies or a separate unit of a motor-vehicle chassis (such as an automobile and tractor) that transmits
torque from the propellor shaft or directly from the gear box to the propelling mechanism.
In most motor vehicles the rear axle has a housing, tubes for the axle shafts, a final drive (including the differential with
reduction gears), and the axle shafts. The final drive and axle shafts are part of the motor-vehicle transmission. Wheel brakes
are mounted on the rear axle, as are the hubs for the wheels. The rear axle is joined to the frame or body of the motor vehicle
(to the supporting body if the motor vehicle has no frame) by a suspension. When the rear wheels are independently
suspended, the differential is attached directly to the frame of the motor vehicle, and in this case the pivoting axle shafts have
ball-and-socket joints.

CYLINDER BLOCK
A cylinder block is an integrated structure comprising the cylinder(s) of a reciprocating engine and often some or all of their
associated surrounding structures (coolant passages, intake and exhaust passages and ports, and crankcase). The term engine
block is often used synonymously with "cylinder block" (although technically distinctions can be made between en
bloc cylinders as a discrete unit versus engine block designs with yet more integration that comprise the crankcase as well).
In the basic terms of machine elements, the various main parts of an engine (such as cylinder(s), cylinder head(s), coolant
passages, intake and exhaust passages, and crankcase) are conceptually distinct, and these concepts can all be instantiated as
discrete pieces that are bolted together. Such construction was very widespread in the early decades of the commercialization
of internal combustion engines (1880s to 1920s), and it is still sometimes used in certain applications where it remains
advantageous (especially very large engines, but also some small engines).