Community Organizing

Participatory Action
Research (CO-PAR) It is a socio
developmental approach that aims to
transform/ apathetic and voiceless poor
into dynamic, participatory and politically
responsive community.
- A collective, participatory,
transformative process of building
peoples organization by mobilizing and
enhancing the capabilities and resources
of the people for the resolution of their
issues and concern towards affecting
change in their existing oppressive and
exploitative conditions.
A process by which a community
identifies its needs and objectives,
develop confidence to take action in
respect to them by doing so, extend and
develops cooperative and collaborative
attitudes and practices in the community.
A continuous and sustained process of
educating the people to understand and
develop their critical awareness of their existing
condition, working with the people collectively
and efficiently on their immediate and long
term problems, and mobilizing the people to
develop their capability and readiness to
respond and take action on their immediate
needs towards solving their long term
problems.
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PHASES OF COMMUNITY
ORGANIZING- PARTICIPATORY
ACTION RESEARCH
PRE-ENTRY PHASE
Site Selection
Preliminary Social Investigation
Theoretical Preparation
ENTRY PHASE
A. COMMUNITY DIAGNOSIS PHASE /
TUKLAS DANGAL
A.1 PRE-RESEARCH AREA
Courtesy Calls
Ocular Survey
Integration
Identification of key leaders
5. Deepening Social Investigation
6. Community Consultation
A.2. RESEARCH PHASE

Training of the Local Research
Committee
Community Consultation
Reflection Sessions
B. COMMUNITY PLANNING PHASE/
TUKLAS TULONG
Core Group Formation
Training and Seminars
Community Development Action Plan
Formulation
Planning Consultation
Finalization and Packaging of Project
Proposals
Reflection Sessions
C. IMPLEMENTATION/ MONITORING &
EVALUATION PHASE / TUKLAS
LAKAS
Implementation of Development Action Plan
And or Project Proposal as Approved
Training and Seminars
Formulation and Implementation of Monitoring
and Evaluation Scheme
Reflection Sessions
III. ORGANIZATION BUILDING
STRENGTHENING
PHASE/ TUKLAS-
BALANGKAS
Formation and Formalization of Peoples
Organization
Sustenance of Peoples Organization
IV. INSTITUTIONALIZATION PHASE
Expansion of Services
Further Networking
Sustaining Peoples Organization
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I.PRE ENTRY PHASE

SITE SELECTION- This is an activity that
includes networking and consultation with the
local government officials and relevant
agencies to identify priority areas and
determine available health data about the
selected area which could provide information
for initial planning.
ACTIVITIES:
Searching of an appropriate community
for the CO PAR.
Sending letters to the Local Government
Unit for the intentions of the College.
Availability of Health Data in the area
through visits to Rural Health Units or
Centers.
Ocular survey:
accessibility of transportation
Reception of people
Safety of organizers
Community participation
Coordination Letters to schools, mayor,
barangay and a
recommendation for the immersion.


GOOD CATCH.

2. Preliminary Social Investigation This is
a process of gathering issues such as true
sentiments, attitudes and knowledge about the
lives of the people in a specific community
selected for immersion. This may include
primary and secondary data for initial
community profiling and formulation of initial
plans of the community organizers.
Purposes:
To become informed about the community she
is working with.
Identify potential issues which might galvanize
people to action. These issues must affect a
large number of people to be organized. The
people must feel strong about these issues and
should be urgent and important so that the
people will support and settle it as soon as
possible.
ACTIVITIES:

Study existing data/ document/ reports on the people/s
problems and maps which provide pertinent data as on
soil type, land ownership, use, water system and etc.
Learn from the people themselves by observations,
engaging
in dialogue and talking to key informants of the
community.

3.THEORETICAL PREPARATION -
includes series of
lectures, trainings and planning of
activities of selected Faculty members
and students assigned to the selected
community.
ACTIVITIES:
Seminar Workshop of the Faculty members .
Trainers will facilitate the workshops.
Discussions will be focused on
DOH Thrusts
NHS
PHC
CO-PAR
CO
Conflict Management
Strategies:
participation games
role plays
songs/ music

Seminar Workshop for the students
Learning Contracts
Host team Formulation
Knowledge Skills and attitude on CO-PAR
Orientation on the immersion process
Short and long term plans of the immersion
Orientation for the assignments and
designations


3. Information to the barangay captain,
community folks and other community
folks on the schedule of the immersion.
HAPPY CO-PAR



MOA & SECURITY OF CO

II. ENTRY PHASE
A.COMMUNITY DIAGNOSIS PHASE- This
phase involves major organizing task
designed to awake/ raise consciousness
among the poor regarding their community
situation and dignity as man. Given such
consciousness, they will thus be moved
towards strategic planning and action.
PRE-RESEARCH PHASE
ACTIVITIES :
Courtesy call to the mayor, sanguniang
bayan, barangay captain, barangay
council, punong purok, Barangay health
Workers and identified Health Care
Providers.
2. Ocular Survey- This is a process of
actually looking into the selected site for
immersion. It includes inspecting the
whole area by going into the community
and actually viewing the area.

ACTIVITIES:
1. Plan for a trip to the area/ community
Courtesy call to the local officials
Coordinate with the local officials on the
safety of the community organizers
Note salient points or areas of the
community that will serve as guide or
support in the planning of activities

A notice may be forwarded to the Health
Care Units, Midwife or to the Barangay
health Worker for the arrival.
3.Integration A basic continuing
process by which the organizer becomes
one with the poor by immersing himself/
herself in the community.




staff house
Purposes:
For the organizers:
get to know the culture, economy, leaders,
history, rhythms and lifestyle of the
community.
Come to respect the people and see the
liberating aspects of their culture that give
them the strength to struggle.
See how the social analysis one may have made
of the national situation is manifested in the
peoples lives.
See or the intuit Gods activity among the poor,
since the poor are the privileged site of Gods
work today.
To be accepted as member of the community.
Change his or her values and own lifestyle.( ex.
Become more understanding and tolerant of the
poor, more dedicated and realistic, more humble.
ACTIVITIES:
Live with the community for at least 3 months.
Visit as many people as possible in the
community.
Listen and/ or take part in small and informal
group discussions.( Sitio Classes)
Share the peoples housing, food,
entertainment and meetings. ( Socialization)
Learning the language/ dialect
4.Identification of Key leaders- It is a
systematic
process of identifying indigenous
leaders in the
community who can help facilitate the
change process.
Purposes:
For the organizers to:
identify the key persons, opinion leaders
and deviants or isolates in the
community.



get the indigenous leaders to express
their support for your CO-PAR program.
ACTIVITIES:
Discreetly consult each community
resident.
whom does she/he approach within the
community about a problem?
Whom does she/he trust to lead/ manage a
community project?
After asking a majority of the community
residents, draw a sociogram of the
community based on their responses.
Sociogram- it is one of the organizers
tool for understanding leadership
pattern in the community
Analyze the sociogram and identify the key
persons, opinion leaders and
deviants/isolates.
Key persons he/.she is the star of the
sociogram
Opinion person person approached by the
key person to support or behind the key
persons ideas and opinions.
Deviants/isolates can hardly be approached
and consulted even if they volunteer.

5.Deepening Social Investigation - It is
an activity of the community organizers
to gather more data about the
community. These data were not found in
the existing data or local record file.
ACTIVITIES:
Comprehensive data gathering through
interviews, records review and
participant observations.
Updates of the original plan can be
done.
6.Community Consultation-This is an
activity of the community organizers that
enable the community residents to:
share their vision of a happy family and a
developed community.
Identify the obstacles (problems) that they
encounter in trying to achieve their vision:
Make a collective decision to do a research
on the entire or on a selected problem/s.
Select appropriate person from among
them to compose their local research
committee.
ACTIVITIES:
Seminar Workshop for Barangay Health
Workers

CO PAR Roles
PHC
NHS
Conduct the first assembly in the
community to be
attended by the trained Barangay
Health Workers.
Prepare the program for the assembly
The community organizers will be
present to facilitate the assembly.
B. RESEARCH PHASE
Training of the Local research Committee
Problem Solving process
CO-PAR Process
data collection method and technical
development of tools
planning for the actual data gathering
data gathering
data validation
Community consultation- A process of
getting feedback from the people on the
performance of the selected local
research committee during their
training.
3. Reflection Sessions- This is a process
of dealing with deeper, ongoing concerns
to look at the positive values community
organizers are trying to build in the
organization. It is a time to reflect on the
reality of life compare to ideal.
B. COMMUNITY PLANNING PHASE/
TUKLAS TULONG
CORE GROUP FORMATION This
involves development
of a local planning committee.
2. Training and Seminars
Training on the following:
planning
objective settings
community development action plan
Development of right attitude
d.1. respect for the opinion of others
d.2. resourcefulness
d.3 sharing and helping
d.4. importance of contribution
d.5. significance of beauty
d.6 effective planning
d.7 accomplishment of plans
Community Development Action
Plan Formulation
After the training, the output of the
committee is a community development
action plan.
Planning Consultation
The community development action plan
made by the core group is presented to the
community folks. Comments and clarification
regarding the plan will be discussed.
Suggestions and comments will be
entertained. GOs and NGOs will be invited
to validate and give critic on the developed
plan. The Community Organizers will serve
as observers and documenters during this
consultation.
Finalization and Packaging of Project
Proposal This is a process where the
core group finalize the plan based on
the comments, suggestions and
recommendations of the GOs and
NGOs.
Reflection Sessions A time for a
sensitive and objective analysis of the
performance and output of the core
group and their observers.
C. IMPLEMENTATION/MONITORING &
EVALUATION PHASE/ TUKLAS
LAKAS
1. This phase shall include the actual
putting the plan into work.
Considerations:
The activities in the action plan should
be done by the key person involved.
A full participation and cooperation must
be observed by all concerned.
The community folks must show interest
and full support to the action plan.
Committees must be formed to
oversee and check the project.
Conduct of series of meetings regularly
is necessary to monitor inadequacies
and corrections. This time can be used
to make evaluation of the plan or
project.
2. Trainings and Seminars This is
necessary to enhance the knowledge
and skills of both the community
organizers and Barangay Health
Workers.
Considerations:

1.It may serve as a means of conscientization
of the roles of the Barangay Health Workers in
the community.
2.It may serve as avenues to relate with others,
share experience and learn from others.
Reflection Sessions- This is periodically
done with the community folks and
community organizers aim at
inculcating positive values and attitudes
to the core group and peoples
organization.
Importance:
To appreciate fraternal corrections
To improve work and relations
To deepen grasp of work and orientation
To discern personal strengths and
weaknesses in the light of community
services
To give and receive feedback on the
conduct on the planning consultation
and resource accessing activities
To draw insights and learning from the
core group planning experiences.

ORGANIZATION BUILDING
STRENGTHENING PHASE/
TUKLAS BALANGKAS
1. Formation and Formalization of Peoples
Organization

This phase of CO-PAR entails the formation of
more formal structures and the inclusion of
more formal procedures of planning,
implementing and conduct of trainings for the
organized leaders or groups to develop their
attitude, knowledge and skills in managing their
own concerns/ programs.
Organization This is the result of many
successive and many similar actions of
the people, set up with elected officers
and supporting members.
ACTIVITIES:
Election and induction of officers of peoples
organization
Election and induction of the Barangay
Health Workers association.
INSTITUTIONALIZATION PHASE
This final phase include activities such
as expansion of services, further
networking and sustenance of
peoples organization.
Expansion of Services
Activities:
Visiting and rendering health care services to
nearby communities.
Making oneself available as resource speaker,
lecturer, trainer, educator, clinician, consultant
and researcher.
Further networking
Through proper communication and
follow up of information, the networking
can be expanded and achieved. This
can be done through:
socialization
attendance to seminar workshop
continuous linkages with different agencies
4. Sustaining peoples organization
improving income generating projects
attend seminars and workshops
attend skills training
regular monitoring and evaluation of projects
and program
4. Sustaining peoples organization
improving income generating projects
attend seminars and workshops
attend skills training
regular monitoring and evaluation of projects
and program



C O N G R A T U L A T I O N S !
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Be like the bamboo..
the taller it grows, the lower it can
bend.. That is humility !