EE 513 Electrical System Design Planning for Electrical Design. Four Vital requirements of an electrical design; Three basic steps in the design of an electrical system; and Safety provisions. Spare Capacity must be included in the design to meet anticipated growth in the load of the system. Design must include: Flexibility Should readily accommodate changes Accessibility Must provide ease of access Reliability Continuity of electrical supply.
EE 513 Electrical System Design Planning for Electrical Design. Four Vital requirements of an electrical design; Three basic steps in the design of an electrical system; and Safety provisions. Spare Capacity must be included in the design to meet anticipated growth in the load of the system. Design must include: Flexibility Should readily accommodate changes Accessibility Must provide ease of access Reliability Continuity of electrical supply.
EE 513 Electrical System Design Planning for Electrical Design. Four Vital requirements of an electrical design; Three basic steps in the design of an electrical system; and Safety provisions. Spare Capacity must be included in the design to meet anticipated growth in the load of the system. Design must include: Flexibility Should readily accommodate changes Accessibility Must provide ease of access Reliability Continuity of electrical supply.
1. Four Vital Requirements of an electrical design 2. Three basic steps in the design of an electrical system 3. Approach in the design task 4. Safety provisions 1. NEC 2. IEC 3. OSHA 5. Spare Capacity 6. System Analysis 7. Type of Building 8. Standard equipment 9. System Power Supply
Objectives: 1. Realize the importance of incorporating spare capacity in the design. 2. Examine the characteristics of a good electrical design.
Spare Capacity An electrical system should have sufficient capacity to serve the loads for which it is designed. Spare capacity must be included in the design to meet anticipated growth in the load of the system. Conductors and raceways Substations Transformers Switching and protective devices Branch circuit
Spare Capacity NEC (or PEC) provides an obscure recommendations on allowances. Problems Conduit risers are filled to capacity Conductors are loaded fully or overloaded Modernization is impeded by the absence of space. Modern electrical design must include careful planning for future increases in electrical utilization.
Spare Capacity The following should be sized for considreable load growth: Mains Switchgear Transformers Feeders Panelboards Circuits
Spare Capacity Conductors should be selected on the basis of: Carrying capacity Voltage drop Estimated future requirements Conduits, wireways, troughs and other raceways should be sized to allow future increase in occupancy The space used to house electrical equipment (electric closets, switchgear rooms, substation cages, riser, and pipe shafts and etc. should accommodate more equipment at a later date.
Spare Capacity Every design must include: Flexibility Should readily accommodate changes Accessibility Must provide ease of access Reliability Continuity of electrical supply
System Analysis Involves the careful determination of all the usual and special electrical requirements for the type of building. Activities to be performed in the building Nature of electrical usage Some building types: School Office building Industrial plant hospital Designer must know the history of electrical applications in these types of buildings and must be well informed of the current trends System Analysis What kind of building? 1. Small or large 2. Single-story or multilevel 3. An industrial plant, office building, apartment house, school, hospital, and etc. These characteristics give insight to the types of electrical utilization need for flexibility accessibility of the system and duty cycles of various loads
Standard equipment Maximum standardization in equipment type and ratings Standard supply voltage Standard-rated transformers Switchgear Motors Lack of standardization complicates maintenance Replacement parts are not easy to obtain Large inventory of parts and equipment Efficiency of personnel is reduced
Standard equipment Use of special, nonstandard equipment and voltages may seriously impair expansion or alteration of the electrical system at a later date. Where special nonstandard equipment is necessary for the particular function of a building, such equipment must be carefully selected and integrated into the sytem.
System Power Supply Power may be supplied by: 1. Distribution system of an electric utility Most common type Must be matched to the requirements of the building 2. Private generating plant The need for large amounts of process steam makes possible the use of excess steam to generate energy economically (such in case of paper and pulp mills) Part of the total electrical load