QCON Solution

Introduction to CMMI
QCON Solution
Software Problems The Reality
Only 26% On Time!!! 74% Software work is Late or Cancelled
On Time
26%
21- 50% late
8%
Cancelled
29%
> 200% late
6%
51- 100% late
9%
< 20% Late
6%
101- 200%
late
16%
Source: Software Engineering Institute,
Carnegie Melon University
QCON Solution
Managing the Software Problems
Formulating Quality Standards and Process Frameworks such as
ISO 9000, CMM, CMMI and Six Sigma

Developing Software Engineering techniques implemented as
practices within the process framework
QCON Solution
Everyone realizes the importance of
having a motivated, quality work force
but...
...even our finest people
cant perform at their best
when the process is not
understood or operating
at its best.
PEOPLE
PROCESS
TECHNOLOGY
Quality Leverage Points
QCON Solution
Processes are ad hoc and improvised by practitioners and their
management
Process describes are not rigorously followed or enforced

Performance is highly dependent on current practitioners

Understanding of the current status of a project is limited

Immature processes result in fighting fires:
There is no time to improve instead,
practitioners are constantly reacting
Firefighters get burned
Embers might rekindle later
Ad Hoc Processes
QCON Solution
Process descriptions are consistent with the way work actually is done
They are defined, documented and continuously improved
Processes are supported visibly by management and others
They are well controlled process fidelity is evaluated and enforced
There is constructive use of product and process enforced
There is constructive use of product and process measurement
Technology is introduced in a disciplined manner
Improved Processes
QCON Solution
Processes enable you to understand what is going on
People develop their potential more fully and are more effective within the
organization
By defining, measuring, and controlling the process, improvements are
more successful and sustained
The likelihood that appropriate technology, techniques and tools are
introduced successfully increases

Benefits of Improving Processes
QCON Solution
The quality of a product is largely determined by the
quality of the process that is used to develop and
maintain it.
As per TQM principles by Shewhart, Juran, Deming and Humphrey.
Process Improvement
QCON Solution
A model is a structured collection of practices that describe
characteristics of effective processes.

Practices included are those proven by experience to be effective.

What is a Process Model?
QCON Solution
How is a Model Used?
A Process model is used
to help set process improvement objectives and priorities
to improve processes, and provide guidance for ensuring stable,
capable, and mature processes
as a guide for improvement of organizational processes
a place to start
shares the benefit of a communitys prior experiences
a common language and a shared vision
simplified approximations of reality that provide insight

QCON Solution
CMMI for Process Improvement
Use CMMI in process improvement activities as a
collection of best practices
framework for organizing and prioritizing activities
support for the coordination of multi-disciplined activities that might be
required to successfully build a product
means to emphasize the alignment of the process improvement
objectives with organizational business objectives

CMMI incorporates lessons learned from use of the SW-CMM

, EIA-731
and other standards and models
QCON Solution
CMMI Result- Effort Estimation Accuracy
QCON Solution
CMMI-Quality Improvement
QCON Solution
CMMI Improvement-Adherence to schedule
QCON Solution
The CMMI Framework
The CMMI Framework is the structure that organizes the components
used in generation models, training materials and appraisal methods

The CMMI Product Suite is the full collection of models, training
materials and appraisal methods generated from the CMMI Framework

A constellation is the subset of the CMMI Product Suite relevant to
improvement in a particular area of interest

Currently, there are several constellations:
Development
Acquisition
Services
QCON Solution
CMMI Model Representations
There are two representations in CMMI models
Staged
Continuous

The two representations will be presented in the later slides
QCON Solution
CMMI Models
QCON Solution

5 Optimizing

4 Quantitatively Managed


3 Defined


2 Managed

1 Performed

0 Incomplete
The Capability Levels
QCON Solution
The Maturity Levels
Process unpredictable,
poorly controlled and
reactive

Process characterized for
projects and is often reactive
Process characterized for the
organization and is proactive
Process measured
and controlled
Focus on process
improvement
Optimizing
Quantitatively
Managed
Defined
Performed
Managed
Optimizing
Defined
1
2
3
4
5
The Maturity Levels
QCON Solution
Organizational Innovation and Deployment
Causal Analysis and Resolution
5 Optimizing
4 Quantitatively
Managed
3 Defined

2 Managed
Continuous
process
improvement
Quantitative
management
Process
standardization
Basic
project
management
Organizational Process Performance
Quantitative Project Management
Requirements Development
Technical Solution
Product Integration
Verification
Validation
Organizational Process Focus
Organizational Process Definition + IPPD
Organizational Training
Integrated Project Management+ IPPD
Risk Management
Decision Analysis and Resolution
Requirements Management
Project Planning
Project Monitoring and Control
Supplier Agreement Management
Measurement and Analysis
Process and Product Quality Assurance
Configuration Management
1 Performed
Process Areas Level Focus
Staged Representation PAs by Maturity Level
QCON Solution
Requirements Management
Requirements Development
Technical Solution
Product Integration
Verification
Validation

Engineering
Project
Management
Project Planning
Project Monitoring and Control
Supplier Agreement Management
Integrated Project Management + IPPD
Risk Management
Quantitative Project Management
Organizational Process Focus
Organizational Process Definition + IPPD
Organizational Training
Organizational Process Performance
Organizational Innovation and Deployment
Process
Management
Configuration Management
Process and Product Quality Assurance
Measurement and Analysis
Causal Analysis and Resolution
Decision Analysis and Resolution
Support
Process Areas Continuous Representation
Category Process Area
List of Process Areas by Category, Capability level
QCON Solution
What is Capability & Maturity
Capability levels provide a scale for measuring organization processes
against each process area in a CMMi Model

The Maturity level of an organization provides a way to predict the future
performance of an organization within a given discipline or set of
disciplines.
QCON Solution
Staged
ML 1
ML2
ML3
ML4
ML5
. . .for an established
set of process areas across an
organization
Continuous
. . .for a single process area
or a set of process areas
PA PA
P
r
o
c
e
s
s

A
r
e
a

C
a
p
a
b
i
l
i
t
y

PA
Comparing Model Representations
QCON Solution
Generic Goals in Continuous Representation
Capability Level Generic Goal
CL0 No Goal
CL1 GG1: The project supports and enables
achievement of the specific goals of the
process area by transforming identifiable
input work products to produce identifiable
output work products
CL 2 GG 2: The process is institutionalised as a
managed process
CL 3 GG 3: The process is institutionalised as a
defined process
CL 4 GG 4: The process is institutionalised as a
quantitatively managed process
CL 5 GG 5: The process is institutionalised as an
optimising process
QCON Solution
Staged-Generic Goals
Maturity Level 2 Generic Goal
GG2 : The process is institutionalised as a managed process
Maturity Level 3-5 Generic Goals
GG3 : The process is institutionalised as a defined process
GG3 subsumes GG 2 and a defined process is a managed process
that is tailored from the organizations set of standard processes






QCON Solution

P r o c e s s A r e a
REQM PP PMC etc
5
4
3
2
1
0
C

a

p

a

b

i

l

i

t

y

Example
QCON Solution
managed vs. performed
The extent to which the process is planned; performance is managed against the plan;
corrective actions are taken when needed
defined vs. managed
The scope of application of the process descriptions, standards, and procedures shifts
from projects to organization


quantitatively managed vs. defined

The predictability of process performance


optimizing vs. quantitatively managed

The process is continuously improved by addressing common causes of process
variation
Critical Distinctions
QCON Solution
A level provides a necessary foundation for effective
implementation of processes at the next level.
Higher level processes are easily sacrificed without the
discipline provided by lower levels.
The effect of innovation is obscured in a noisy process.
Higher maturity level processes may be performed by
organizations at lower maturity levels, with risk of not being
consistently applied in a crisis.
Maturity Levels cannot be skipped
QCON Solution
How CMMI Helps?
CMMI provides guidance for improving an organizations processes
and ability to manage the development, acquisition and
maintenance of products or services.

CMMI places proven approaches into a structure that helps an
organization:
- appraise its organizational maturity or process area capability
- establish priorities for improvement
- implement these improvements
QCON Solution
CMMI and Business Objectives
Produce quality products or services:Quality products are a result of quality
processes
Create value for stake holders: Mature organizations are more likely to
make better cost and revenue estimates
Be an employer of choice: CMMI emphasizes on training and engineers are
more comfortable in an organization where there is a sense of cohesion and
competence
Enhance customer satisfaction: Meeting cost and schedule targets with high
quality products that are validated against customer needs helps in
achieving customer satisfaction
Increase market share: Market share is a result of many factors, including
quality products and services, name identification, pricing and image
Implement cost savings and best practices: Processes that are
documented, measured and continuously improved are perfect candidates
for becoming best practices
Gain an industry-wide recognition for excellence:Having processes that
conform to CMMI requirements can enhance that reputation

QCON Solution

Led by authorized Lead Appraiser
Can be Tailored to organization and model
scope
Source selection appraisals or process
monitoring are tailoring options of SCAMPI

Appraisal Method
Standard CMMI Appraisal Method for Process Improvement (SCAMPI)
QCON Solution
Maturity Level
Process Area Process Area Process Area
Generic Goals Specific Goals
Generic
Practices
Specific Practices
Structure of CMMI Representation
QCON Solution
Goals and Practices are the model elements used to realize the
values on both the capability and process dimensions.
Goal
A high level statement of the outcome to be achieved by
effective implementation of a group of practices. (These are
required.)
Practice
A description of an action that is necessary to enact a key
element of a process area. (These are expected, and
alternate practices are acceptable.)
Goals and Practices
QCON Solution
Specific Goals and Specific Practices
realize the process dimension
therefore, they apply to a particular Process Area

Generic Goals and Generic Practices
realize the capability dimension
therefore, they apply across all Process Areas
Goals and Practices
QCON Solution
Example-Requirements Management

SG 1: Manage Requirements
SP1.1 : Obtain an understanding of the requirements
SP1.2 : Obtain commitment to requirements
SP1.3 :Manage Requirement Changes
SP1.4 : Maintain bi- directional trace ability of
Requirements
SP1.5 : Identify inconsistencies between project work and
requirements
QCON Solution
CMMI V 1.2 Changes from 1.1
QCON Solution
Model Changes
The model was changed mainly due to the following:
Reduce complexity and size
Expand model coverage

To reduce model complexity and size, the following changes were made:
eliminated advanced practices and common features
eliminated the Supplier Sourcing (SS) addition
incorporated Integrated Supplier Management (ISM) into Supplier Agreement
Management (SAM)
consolidated and simplified the IPPD material
added, modified, and consolidated definitions in the glossary (e.g., bidirectional
traceability, sub process)
adopted a single book approach (i.e., both representations are published in one
document)

To expand model coverage, the following changes were made:
added hardware amplifications
added two work environment specific practices one in Organizational Process
Definition (OPD) and one in Integrated Project Management (IPM)
updated notes and examples to address service development and acquisition
updated the model name to CMMI for Development (CMMI-DEV) to reflect the new
CMMI architecture

QCON Solution
No More Supplier Sourcing Addition

Supplier Sourcing was eliminated as an addition.
ISM has been eliminated.
SAM has been enhanced to contain the unique material from ISM.
Two specific practices were added to Goal 2 in SAM:
SP 2.2 -Monitor Selected Supplier Processes
SP 2.3 -Evaluate Selected Supplier Work Products


QCON Solution
Changes in Process Areas in CMMI 1.2
The following process areas were improved significantly:

Integrated Project Management +IPPD (IPM+IPPD)
Organizational Process Definition +IPPD (OPD+IPPD)
Organizational Process Focus (OPF)
Requirements Management (REQM)
Requirements Development (RD)
Supplier Agreement Management (SAM)
Technical Solution (TS)
Validation (VAL)
Verification (VER)
QCON Solution
Summary
Many changes were made to the CMMI models to improve quality. The
major changes include
Name changed to CMMI for Development
Both representations in one document
Amplifications improved; added hardware amplifications
Common features and advanced practices eliminated
SS addition eliminated; ISM brought into SAM
Guidelines for not applicable process areas clarified
Overview and glossary improved
Work environment material added to OPD and IPM
IPPD material simplified and consolidated
Process deployment strengthened in IPM and OPF
QCON Solution
Usage of Telelogic Tools for continuous
Improvement
QCON Solution
Telelogic Tools
Telelogic Tools
For Product development
Requirements Management

Enterprise Change Management

Software Configuration Management

Enterprise Architecture

Product Management and Portfolio
Management

System Design and Software Design
QCON Solution
Telelogic tools and Process Areas
Telelogic Focal Point
Portfolio and Product Management
Capture ideas and product requirements from internal
stakeholders, customers, competitive analysis
Understand customer value when making decisions
about products
L3 Requirements Development
L3 Decision Analysis and Resolution
L2 Requirements Management
CMMI
QCON Solution
Telelogic tools and Process Areas
Telelogic DOORS
Requirements definition and management
Centralize requirements capture, refinement, Priority
Track and Trace requirements throughout development
Requirement Coverage
L2 Requirements Management
CMMI
QCON Solution
Telelogic tools and Process Areas
Telelogic Change
Enterprise Change Management
Change lifecycle management or lifecycle change
management
Compliance support (Sarbanes Oxley, CMMI, ISO....)
Change request management, issue management, item
and defect tracking
Customer information and action items
L2 Requirements Management
CMMI
QCON Solution
Telelogic tools and Process Areas
Telelogic Synergy
Software Configuration Management
Ensures the consistency of user deliveries and
workspaces through workflow driven by logical changes
(such as fixes and enhancements)
Accelerates development through the identification and
resolution of integration problems
Provides Project Management with total control and
flexibility of release
L2 Configuration Management
CMMI
QCON Solution
Telelogic tools and Process Areas
Telelogic Tau
Model-Driven Development Standard
Automated error-checking, and model verification
minimize errors from initial requirements to final
documentation and code.
supports the latest industry standards for visual systems
and software development, including UML 2.1, SysML,
MDA, DoDAF, SOA, and the UML Testing Profile.
L3 Technical Solution
L3 Verification
CMMI
QCON Solution
Telelogic tools and Process Areas
Telelogic Rhapsody
Model-Driven Development for Embedded, Real-time Applications
Software Development with complete design portability
Integrated Requirements modeling, traceability and
analysis
supporting SysML, UML 2.0, DoDAF, and Domain
Specific Languages
C, C++, Java, Ada language support
L3 Technical Solution
L3 Product Integration
CMMI
QCON Solution
Thank You