GOLAM SAHID AZAM

1
INTRODUCTION
In a telecom cell site lots of equipments and other
hardwares are used.

This presentation will focus on the materials used at
cell site & their descriptions.

It will also show us the proper guidelines to install the
telecom materials along with dos & dont.

Some of the quality issues which has to kept in mind
are illustrated.
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INDEX
MATERIAL & EQUIPMENTS DESCRIPTION

INSTALLATION PROCEDURE

QUALITY CHECK POINTS








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ANTENNA
Antenna is basically a transducer.
It converts electrical energy into electromagnetic
energy & vise versa .
It is a Passive Device.

Specification of GSM Panel Antenna.
The ports size is 7/8 inch Female Co-axial.
It has 50 impedence.
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Antenna classification
1. Single Port Antenna

2. Dual Port Antenna

3. Quad Port Antenna

4. Hex Port Antenna












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CLASSIFICATION OF ANTENNA
1. Single polarized antenna






2. Dual polarized antenna



3. Cross polarized antenna











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CLASSIFICATION OF ANTENNNA
Most commonly used beam width is 65 & 360.
360 beam width Antenna is used in IBS Site &
underground Metro station.

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E. ACCORDING TO DIRECTION OF
RADIATION
1. Omni-directional Antenna
mostly used in IBS Site & underground Metro station.
360 radiation pattern.





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2. Bi-directional Antenna
Used for highway coverage

highway
Bi-directional antenna
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3. Uni-directional Antenna
It radiates in single direction only.
Most commonly used.
65 beam width used.


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GSM ANTENNA MANUFACTURERS
1. KATHREIN
world leader in panel antennas.
Germany based company.

2. ANDREW
2
nd
largest manufacturer after Kathrein.
USA based company.

3. KAVVERI TELECOM
Less used because of its high cost.
USA operator AT&T is its Client.
Indian based company, HQ at Madurai, T.N
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Feeder cable or RF cable.

It consists of 4 layers.

Size= 7/8 inch or 5/4 inch.

Impedence = 50


Inner core
Soft insulation
Outer core Outer insulation
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Why inner core of Rf cable is hollow?
to save cost as Cu is very costly.

Conductivity increases.

It makes the wire flexible to bend.

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Aluminium RF Cable
The outer core is made up of Al with silver foil.
It comes only in 7/8 inch size.
Impedence = 50


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Manufacturer of RF Cable.
1. Andrew(largest manufacturer)
2. Nokia
3. Helix
4. Amphenol
5. Telegartner
6. Surbhi( Indian manufacturer)

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Jumper cable
diameter size.
50 Impedence.
More flexible than RF cable.

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Connectors
1. RF connector
2. Jumper connector.

Type of jumper connectors:

1. 7/8 F 7/8 M
2. 7/8 M 7/8 M
3. 7/8 F 7/8 F
4. 7/8 M 7/8 L.M

17
EARTHING KIT
Used to protect against lightening.
Cupper or Aluminium Strip.
Length approx 0.5 m

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LUGS
It is of 3 types.
1. I type - It is used to connect 2 cables.
2. Pin type It is used to connect cable to MCB.
3. Ring type It is used to connect cable to Bus Bar.

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Surge arrestor
It protects BTS from getting damaged against
strong lightening.

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Roxtec
It guides the RF cables into the shelter.
ROXTEC is also called WFT or Entry plate.
It contains rubber boots.
It can be of 4 way or 6 way.


6 way ROXTEC
WITH (7/8 BOOTS )
7/8 BOOT
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RF clamps
It is used to hold the RF cable in the cable tray.
It contains one C- clamp.
It can be of 1 way, 2 way, 3 way, or 6 way.
6 WAY ,7/8 FEEDER CLAMP
WITH FULL THREADED ROD & NUTS-BOLTS.

3 WAY ,7/8 FEEDER CLAMP
WITH FULL THREADED ROD & NUTS-BOLTS.

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WEATHER PROOFING KIT
It contains 3 tapes
1. pvc tape
2. Rubber tape.
3. Butyl tape.

It is tied by the cable ties.
FEEDERS WEATHER PROOFING
KIT (BUTYL TAPE,3/4 PVC TAPE &
,2 PVC TAPES )
Cable ties
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INSTALLATION PROCEDURE

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RF PLAN
PARTICULAR S1 S2 S3
1. Azimuth 35 180 270
2. Height 25M 27M 29M
3.Mechanical Tilt 0 0 0
4. Electrical Tilt 3 1 1
5. Type of Antenna KT54541 KT54542 KT54543
SITE NAME: TECHNOPOLIS BUILDING
SITE ID: KOL94348
ADDRESS: SECTOR V, SALT LAKE CITY, KOLKATA-64
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MATERIAL LIST FOR ANTENNA & ANTENNA LINES
SL. NO PARTICULARS SPECIFICATIONS QUANTITY REMARK
1 antenna 1800 band, cross polarized, 65 beam width 3
2 jumper 1/2" dia, M to F connector, 5m length 6
3 jumper 1/2" dia, M to F connector, 2m length 6
4 RF cable 7/8" Cu 186m
5 RF connector 7/8" M 12
6 earthing kit Cu Strip 12
7 grounding cable 10sq mm, black colour 6m
8 lugs 10sq mm, Cu, ring type 14
9 surge arrestor M to F pin 6
10 grounding cable 16 sq mm, green colour 9m
11 grounding cable 35 sq mm, yellow green colour 3m
12 Rf clamp 6 way 32
13 Roxtec 4 way 1
14 weather proofing kit pvc, butyl, rubber 6
15 labels 100
16 cable ties 100
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ANTENNA INSTALLATION
Before mounting the antenna, tilt is given in the
ground and mounted on the pole mount with rope &
pulley.
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1. ANTENNA IS TAKEN UP ON TOWER
WITH THE HELP OF PULLEY AND ROPE.
ANTENNA INSTALLATION
2. TO AVOID DAMAGE TO ANTENNA FROM
TOWER LEGS, WE PULL THE ROPE AWAY
FROM THE TOWER.
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RF CLAMP INSTALLATION
Before laying the cable, RF clamps are fixed on the
cable tray.

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RF cable Installation
RF cable is laid on the cable tray & fixed by RF clamps.
EARTHING KIT
RF CABLE
RF CLAMP
CABLE TRAY
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BENDING RADIUS OF RF CABLES

While laying the RF
Cable, we should be
careful about the bends.



FOR 7/8 FEEDER CABLE.
Minimum single bending radius is 300mm.

Bending radius
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ANDREW 7/8 FEEDER
GROUNDING KIT ,(IT INLUDES GROUNDING
STRIP,CABLE,WEATHER-
PROOFING KIT).
EARTHING STRIP
EARTHING KIT INSTALLATION
After laying the RF cable on the VCT, we can put the
earthing kit on the cables.
Earthing kit is generally installed 1 - 1.5m below RF
connector on the RF cable.
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ROUTING OF RF CABLE INTO THE SHELTER
THROUGH THE ROXTEC
Before connectorization, RF cables are guided into the
shelter through roxtec for internal marking on the
cable.
BTS
ROXTEC
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CONNECTORIZATION
RF Connectors are connected at the both ends of RF
cables.

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Connection with the surge arrestor
After connectorization, Rf cables are inserted into the shelter &
connected with the surge arrestors.
The Surge arrestors are then grounded to IGB.


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FLEXI BTS
SURGE ARRESTORS
SURGE ARRESTORS
GROUNDING BUS BAR
EGB
IGB
Connection of jumper to BTS
Finally the jumper cables are connected to the BTS ports.
jumper
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WEATHER PROOFING & LABELLING
After making all the connections, outdoor connections
are weather proofed properly.
Then labels are provided on the required positions.
FEEDERS
WEATHERPROOFING
KIT (BUTYL TAPE,3/4 PVC
TAPE & 2 PVC TAPES ),
THESE ARE SET OF ONE KIT
CABLE TIES
WEATHER PROOFED
LABEL
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QUALITY CHECK ISSUES
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OK
ANTENNA JUMPER LOOPS
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INDOOR JUMPER CABLES LOOP
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EGB
ROXTEC
S- BEND
S- BEND IN RF CABLE
There should be S-bend in the RF cable before entering the
Roxtec.
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WEATHER PROOFING
All ourdoor antenna line connections, grounding kits and wall entries have
to be weather proofed.
Connections where weather proofing is needed:
Feeder to jumper at antenna end.
Feeder to antenna
Feeder to EMP (if located outdoor)
Grounding kits have to be sealed according to manufacturer instructions.



WEATHER PROOFING
NEEDED
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1.CONNECTION TO BE TAPED USING APPROVED TYPE OF INSULATION TAPE.
2.CONNECTION TO BE TAPED USING APPROVED TYPE OF SELF
AMALGAMATING TAPE.
3. CONNECTION TO BE TAPED USING APPROVED TYPE OF INSULATION TAPE.
2. TWO STRETCH WRAPPED
WRAPS OF SELF AMALGAMATING
TAPE (STRETCH 30%,
OVERLAPPING 50%)
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50 50 20
3. THREE WRAPS OF
INSULATION TAPE
(OVERLAPPING 50%)
1. ONE WRAP OF INSULATION
TAPE (OVERLAPPING 50%)
TAPING OF CONNECTION BETWEEN RF FEEDERS AND JUMPER
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PROPER TAPING OF JUMER
Apply two rounds of self amalgamating tape,
taping will end to top
Start insulation round from down and apply three
round of tape, so taping will end to the top.
Tape on feeder
50mm
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PROPER TAPING AFTER WATER PROOFING
Finally secure tape ending with cable tie to prevent tape loosening and applying better
waterproofing to jumper connector and antenna connection point
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BENDING OF CABLE
Decreasing of bending radius of cable will cause:
a) holes to cable jacket/sheath
b) damages to braid
c) damages to center conductor
Do not decrease bending radius of cable under manufacturers specification.
NOT OK
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ROUTING OF GROUNDING CABLES

Always try to treat the lightning path as a drain.
NOT OK OK
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SAFETY MEASURES
1. ALWAYS wear helmet.

2. Always use Belts to prevent from falling down.

3. DO NOT store inflammable liquids.

4. DO NOT use candles or other naked flames for lighting purposes,
especially during a power failure.

5. DO NOT smoke inside the shelter.







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THANK YOU.
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