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MEIOSIS & MITOSIS

ANA MELISA F. DORUELO


PICTURES
VIDEOS
CONTRAST
Mitosis Meosis
Occurs in all somatic cells Occurs only in reproductive (sex) cells
Chromosome number remains same, i.e., diploid
(2n), hence it is equational division
Chromosome number reduces to half, i.e., haploid
(n), hence it is reductional division
Two daughter cells are produced Four daughter cells are produced
One cell division involves four phases
Consists of two sub-divisions: Meiosis - I and Meiosis
- II each involving four phases. Prophase - I is again
subdivided into five sub-stages
No crossing over Crossing over takes place
Daughter cells have identical chromosomes to parent
cell, i.e., genetic material remains constant
Daughter cells have chromosomes with combined
genetic material from both parents i.e., genetic
variability occurs
COMPARISON
Meiosis Mitosis
Definition
A type of cellular reproduction in which the
number of chromosomes are reduced by half
through the separation of homologous
chromosomes, producing two haploid cells.
A process of asexual reproduction in which the
cell divides in two producing a replica, with an
equal number of chromosomes in each
resulting diploid cell.
Function sexual reproduction
Cellular Reproduction & general growth and
repair of the body
Type of Reproduction Sexual Asexual
Occurs in Humans, animals, plants, fungi all organisms
Genetically different identical
Crossing Over Yes, mixing of chromosomes can occur. No, crossing over cannot occur.
Pairing of Homologs Yes No
Number of Divisions 2 1
Number of Daughter Cells produced 4 haploid cells 2 diploid cells
Chromosome Number Reduced by half Remains the same
Steps
The steps of meiosis are Interphase, Prophase I,
Metaphase I, Anaphase I, Telophase I, Prophase
II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II and Telophase II.
The steps of mitosis are Interphase, Prophase,
Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase and
Cytokinesis
Karyokinesis Occurs in Interphase I Occurs in Interphase
Cytokinesis Occurs in Telophase I & Telophase II Occurs in Telophase
Centromeres Split
The centromeres do not separate during
anaphase I, but during anaphase II
The centromeres split during Anaphase
COMPARISON (VIDEO)
Click the one of the box you want to play-Press the playback/format
in Video tools. Click Play
Mitosis Vs Meiosis
Comparison of Meiosis & Mitosis
MITOSIS
Mitosis is the process, in the cell cycle, by which a
cell duplicates into two genetically identical
daughter cells. In mitosis, chromosomes in the cell
nucleus are separated into two identical sets of
chromosomes, each in its own nucleus. In general,
mitosis is followed immediately by cytokinesis,
which divides the cytoplasm, organelles, and cell
membrane, and later karyokinesis, which divides the
nucleus, dividing the cell into two new cells
containing roughly equal shares of these cellular
components.
[1][unreliable source?]
Mitosis and cytokinesis
together define the mitotic (M) phase of the cell
cyclethe division of the mother cell into two
daughter cells, genetically identical to each other
and to their parent cell. This accounts for
approximately 20% of the cell cycle.
MEIOSIS
Meiosis is a special type of cell division
necessary for sexual reproduction in eukaryotes,
such as animals, plants and fungi. The number
of sets of chromosomes in the cell undergoing
meiosis is reduced to half the original number,
typically from two sets (diploid) to one set
(haploid). The cells produced by meiosis are
either gametes (the usual case in animals) or
otherwise usually spores from which gametes
are ultimately produced (the case in land
plants). In many organisms, including all animals
and land plants (but not some other groups such
as fungi), gametes are called sperm in males and
egg cells or ova in females. Since meiosis has
halved the number of sets of chromosomes,
when two gametes fuse during fertilization, the
number of sets of chromosomes in the resulting
zygote is restored to the original number

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