CONDITIONAL

SENTENCES
Conditionals First Conditional
There are many different ways of making sentences
with IF. It is important to understand the
difference between sentences that express real
possibilities, and those that express unreal
situations.
First conditional sentences express a real
possibility, a possible condition and its probable
result in the future.

If it rains, well stay at home.
If I find a jumper that suits you, Ill buy it for you.
Well come and see you on Sunday if the weathers
good.
First Conditional - Form
We form the first conditional like this:

IF + Present Simple + WILL

If I find your wallet, Ill let you know.
If-clause (present simple)

Result clause or Main
clause (Future tense)

If clause and main clause can change
the position:
Ill let you know if I find your wallet.
First Conditional
We can use the first conditional to express
different functions (all of which express a possible
condition and a possible result)


If you that again, Ill kill you! (=A THREAT)
If you are late again, you wont be in the team. (=
A WARNING)
Ill post the letter if you like. (= AN OFFER)
If you lend me 200, Ill love you forever. (A
PROMISE)

First Conditional
1. IF can be replaced by UNLESS (=if not) or IN
CASE (=because of the possibility)


Unless I hear from you, Ill arrive at 8 oclock.
Ill take my umbrella in case it rains.

2. Sometimes WILL/WONT can be replaced by going
to or by modals:
If youre not at home by six, Im going to eat
without you.
If she finishes early, she may go to the cinema.

Variations of the basic form 1
If you refer to conditionals which are always true
or to scientific facts, you use the Present Simple in
the main clause.
IF + PRESENT + PRESENT
They express a situation that is always true and
this type is called ZERO CONDITIONAL:

If you heat water, it boils. (scientific fact)
If you put paper on a fire, it burns quickly.
If you drop an egg, it breaks.
If I read too much, I get a headache.

In this type of conditional sentence, IF can be
replaced by WHEN.
Variations of the basic form 2

IF + PRESENT + IMPERATIVE

If the bell is out of order, please knock.
If he calls, tell him Ill ring back.
If you cant beat them, join them.
If you cant stand the heat, get out of the kitchen.

PRACTICE
1. If the class (be) full, we (find) another one.
2. If he (see) me here, he (be) really angry.
3. (ask) for help, if you (have) problems.
4. The engine (start) if you (turn) this key.
5. If I (swim) all day, my swimming (improve)
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