Hamrock, J acobson and Schmid 1998 McGraw-Hill

Shafting and Associated Parts

When a man has a vision, he cannot get the power from the vision until he has
performed it on the Earth for the people to see.
Black Elk, Oglala Sioux visionary, as told to John Niedhart.
Image: A crankshaft from an automotive diesel engine.
Hamrock, J acobson and Schmid 1998 McGraw-Hill
Shaft Assembly
Figure 11.1 Shaft Assembly.
(a) Shaft with two bearings at
A and B and two gears with
resulting forces P
1
and P
2
;
(b) free-body diagram of
torque and forces resulting
from assembly drawing; (c)
moment diagram in x-z and
x-y planes; (d) torque
diagram.
Text Reference: Figure 11.1, page 425
Hamrock, J acobson and Schmid 1998 McGraw-Hill
Example 11.1
Figure 11.2 Illustration used in Example
11.1. (a) Chain drive assembly; (b) free-
body diagram of forces; (c) bending
moment diagram.
Text Reference: Figure 11.2, page 427
Hamrock, J acobson and Schmid 1998 McGraw-Hill
Example 11.2
Figure 11.3 Figures used in Example 11.2. (a) Assembly drawing; (b)
free-body diagram.
Text Reference: Figure 11.3, page 430
Hamrock, J acobson and Schmid 1998 McGraw-Hill
Example 11.2 (cont.)
Figure 11.3 Figures used in
Example 11.2. (c) moment
diagram in x-y plane; (d)
moment diagram in x-z
plane; (e) torque diagram.
Text Reference: Figure 11.3, page 430
Hamrock, J acobson and Schmid 1998 McGraw-Hill
Fluctuating Stresses on
Shaft
Figure 11.4 Fluctuating normal and
shear stresses acting on shaft. (a)
Stresses acting on rectangular
element; (b) stresses acting on
oblique plane at angle .
Text Reference: Figure 11.4, page 432
Hamrock, J acobson and Schmid 1998 McGraw-Hill
Soderberg Line for Shear Stress
Figure 11.5 Soderberg line for shear stress.
Text Reference: Figure 11.5, page 433
Hamrock, J acobson and Schmid 1998 McGraw-Hill
Illustration of Eq. (11.29)
Figure 11.6 Illustration of relationship given in Eq. (11.29).
Text Reference: Figure 11.6, page 434
Hamrock, J acobson and Schmid 1998 McGraw-Hill
Example 11.4
Figure 11.7 Section of shaft used in Example 11.4.
Text Reference: Figure 11.7, page 438
Hamrock, J acobson and Schmid 1998 McGraw-Hill
Single Spring-Mass System
Figure 11.8
Text Reference: Figure 11.8, page 440
Hamrock, J acobson and Schmid 1998 McGraw-Hill
Example 11.5
Figure 11.9 Simply supported shaft arrangement used in
Example 11.5.
Text Reference: Figure 11.9, page 443
Hamrock, J acobson and Schmid 1998 McGraw-Hill
Flat Key Assembly
Figure 11.10 Flat key assembly. (a) Cross-
sectional view of assembly of shaft, hub,
and key; (b) three-dimensional view of flat
key.
Text Reference: Figure 11.10, page 445
Hamrock, J acobson and Schmid 1998 McGraw-Hill
Flywheel on Shaft
Figure 11.11 Flywheel with driving (mean) torque T
m
and load
torque T
l
.
Text Reference: Figure 11.11, page 448
Hamrock, J acobson and Schmid 1998 McGraw-Hill
Coefficient of Fluctuation
Type of equipment C
f
Crushing machinery
Electrical machinery
Electrical machinery, direct driven
Engines with belt transmission
Flour milling machinery
Gear wheel transmission
Hammering machinery
Machine tools
Paper-making machinery
Pumping machinery
Shearing machinery
Spinning machinery
Textile machinery
0.200
0.003
0.002
0.030
0.020
0.020
0.200
0.030
0.025
0.030-0.050
0.030-0.050
0.010-0.020
0.025
Table 11.1 Coefficient of fluctuation for various types of equipment [Adapted from
Kents Mechanical Engineers Handbook (1969).]
Text Reference: Table 11.1, page 450
Hamrock, J acobson and Schmid 1998 McGraw-Hill
Example 11.7
Figure 11.12 Load or output torque cariation for one cycle used
in Example 11.7.
Text Reference: Figure 11.12, page 451
Hamrock, J acobson and Schmid 1998 McGraw-Hill
Materials for Flywheels
Material
Performance
index, M
f
,
kJ/kg Comment
Ceramics 200-2000
(compression only)
Brittle and weak in tension.
Eliminate.
Composites: CFRP
a
GFRP
b
200-500
100-400
The best performance. A good
choice
Almost as good as CFRP and
cheaper . Excellent choice.
Beryllium 300 Good but expensive, difficult
to work, and toxic.
High strength steel
High strength aluminum
High strength magnesium alloys
Titanium alloys
100-200
100-200
100-200
100-200
All about equal in
performance. Steal and AL-
alloys cheaper than Mg and Ti
alloys.
Lead alloys
Cast Iron
3
8-10
High density makes these a
good (and traditional) selection
when performance is velocity
limites, not strength limited.
a
Ceramic-fiber reinforced polymer
b
Graphite-fiber reinforced polymer
Table 11.2 Materials for flywheels. [Adapted from Ashby (1992).]
Text Reference: Table 11.2, page 455
Hamrock, J acobson and Schmid 1998 McGraw-Hill
Punch Press
Figure 11.13 Punch Press
Text Reference: Figure 11.13, page 457
Hamrock, J acobson and Schmid 1998 McGraw-Hill
Torque Requirements of Press
Figure 11.14 Torque requirements of mechanical power press. (TDC=top
dead center, BDC=bottom dead center.)
Text Reference: Figure 11.14, page 457
Hamrock, J acobson and Schmid 1998 McGraw-Hill
JENIS POROS
POROS BEBAN :
Beban Tetap dan Beban Berputar
Jenis Pembebanan : lenturan dan geseran
Hamrock, J acobson and Schmid 1998 McGraw-Hill
Hamrock, J acobson and Schmid 1998 McGraw-Hill
POROS TRANSMISI
Hamrock, J acobson and Schmid 1998 McGraw-Hill
Perhitungan Kekuatan poros :
Perhitungan kekuatan terhadap lenturan
Perhitungan kekuatan terhadap tekanan
bidang antara tap dan bantalan
Perhitungan kekuatan terhadap penyaluran
panas

Hamrock, J acobson and Schmid 1998 McGraw-Hill
Perhitungan terhadap lenturan :
Hamrock, J acobson and Schmid 1998 McGraw-Hill
MOMEN INERTIA (I) dan
MOMEN TAHANAN BENDING (Wb)


Hamrock, J acobson and Schmid 1998 McGraw-Hill
MOMEN TAHANAN POLAR

Hamrock, J acobson and Schmid 1998 McGraw-Hill
Hamrock, J acobson and Schmid 1998 McGraw-Hill
Hamrock, J acobson and Schmid 1998 McGraw-Hill
Hamrock, J acobson and Schmid 1998 McGraw-Hill
Hamrock, J acobson and Schmid 1998 McGraw-Hill
Hamrock, J acobson and Schmid 1998 McGraw-Hill