Control Valve

Control valves are valves used to control conditions

such as flow, pressure, temperature, and liquid level
by fully or partially opening or closing in response to
signals received from controllers that compare a
"set point" to a "process variable" whose value is
provided by sensors that monitor changes in such
conditions.

Control Valve Parts:-
The Valves has Two Main Parts:
1. Body Assembly
2. Actuator Assembly

Body Assembly Parts:
Body:
The pressure retaining housing through
which the service fluid flows. It has inlet and
outlet connections, and houses the trim
components.



Bonnet:
The valve component which
houses the guides and packing.
It also seals one opening to the body.

Bonnet Flange:
Flange that attaches
the bonnet to the body.

Valve Trim:
The internal elements of a valve
are collectively referred to as a valves trim.
The trim typically includes a disk, seat, stem,
and sleeves needed to guide the fluid.
A valves performance is determined
by the disk and seat interface and
the relation of the disk position to
the seat. Because of the trim, basic
motions and flow control are possible.


Seat/Seal ring:
It provide the seating surface
for the disk. To improve the wear-resistance of
the seal rings, the surface is often hard-faced
by welding and then machining the contact
surface of the seal ring.


Stem:
It connects the actuator and disk and is
responsible for positioning the disk.
Stem designs fall into four basic categories:
Rising stem with outside screw
Rising stem with inside screw
Non rising stem with inside screw
Sliding stem.

Packing:
It is used to prevent leakage and the
space between the stem and the bonnet.





Packing Box:
Internal bore of bonnet which
contains guiding and packing.


Plug:
Part that moves in and out of the seat
ring to open and close the valve. It can also
be used to characterize the flow.

All Gaskets:
These are used in control valves to
prevent leakage. around the seat ring, bonnet
or pressure-balanced sleeve.


Actuator Assembly Parts
Actuator:
Device which develops sufficient
thrust to open or close the valve. Common
designs include piston, diaphragm, hydraulic,
manual hand wheel and electro-hydraulic
actuators.
Lifting Ring:
It is used for lifting the Valve.
Adjusting Screw:
Part used to compress the
actuator spring.



Cylinder:
Actuator part used for containing
air pressure and enclosing the piston.
Spring Button:
The part that prevents
movement of the actuator spring and permits
the adjusting screw to compress the spring.
Spring:
In piston actuators, the part which
provides force for fail-safe operation; in
diaphragm actuators, the part that provides
force to counteract air pressure from the
opposing chamber.

Piston:
Part used to separate two air
chambers of piston actuator.

Actuator Stem:
Part used to connect the
valve plug with the piston actuator.

Yoke:
A component which secures the
actuator to the valve body.