Study of flutter on UAV composite wing

Static Divergence Control effectiveness Aileron reversal Load distribution on wing denotes elastic deformation

Dynamic Flutter Buffeting Dynamic response (gust/landing)

Aerospace vehicles
Aircraft Spacecraft Rotorcraft Combusters

Utilities
Hydroturbines Steamturbines Gas turbines piping

Civil Structures
Bridges Buildings

Transportation
Ship Train

Hadley page O/400 (1916)

Bi-plane flutter problems Fuselage torsion coupled with elevators Solution was to add torsional stiffness between right and left elevators.

Fokker D-8
Suffered from wing failure in steep dives. Early monoplane had insufficient torsional stiffness resulting in wing flutter and loss of aileron effectiveness. Solution was to increase torsional stiffness and mass balancing

S.P. Langlays Aerodome (monoplane)

Failed due to wing torsional divergence

Aerodynamic forces

Inertial forces
A dynamic instability encountered in flexible structure subjected to/ interaction between

Elastic/stiffness

when
Resulting in 2 or more structural modes Wing bending and torsion Wing torsion and fuselage bending Horizontal and vetical fuselage

How

As the speed of the wind increases

A point at which the structure damping is insufficient to damp out the motions which are increasing due to aerodynamic energy being added to the structure At wing; Above the critical speed, wing experience flutter instability which causes the wing to oscillate Begins when lift twist wing in one direction, the wing stiffness resist this twisting. It reaches equilibrium, it start to oscillate in other direction Other than damping, this oscillation can increases to a dangerous level

Wing Divergence- Reissner (1926) Wing flutter Frazer and Duncan (1929) Aileron reversal cox (1932) Unsteady aerodynamic and flutter Glauert, Frazer, Duncan, Kussner, Theodorsen ( 1935) 3 DOF wing aileron flutter Smilig and Wasserman (1942)

Anaytical Methods

Eigenvalue Solutions K- method

Softwares

MSC/ Nastran UAI/ Astros UAI/ Nastran

K-E method
P-K method

Langrance
Stars

P- method
State space

Abaqus

To carry out experimental results from the wind tunnel test.

To determine the causes of flutter and the ways to minimise flutter

To explore about the occurence of flutter on a composite UAV wing

 Understand the phenomenon of flutter of aircraft wings and its causes. Understand the flutter characteristics of the UAV wing Develop a model to describe the flutter phenomenon. Carry out analysis to model the flutter on the UAV wing. Perform experiment based on one of the NACA wing model. Suggest the solution for minimising of flutter in designing.