Technical Seminar

A
SEMINAR REPORT ON
ASYNCHRONOUS TRANSFER MODE(ATM)

Under the Guidance of

Mr R.K.Shial

By
Sangram Sekhar Choudhuri
CS200118218

Presented by :- Sangram Sekhar Choudhuri(CS200118218) 1

Technical Seminar

INTRODUCTION
• High performance, cell-oriented switching and
multiplexing technology

• Utilizes fixed-length packets to carry different

types of traffic

• Helps in efficient multimedia applications,

high-speed LAN connections and used in
broad range of networking devices

Presented by :- Sangram Sekhar Choudhuri(CS200118218) 2

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OVERVIEW

Presented by :- Sangram Sekhar Choudhuri(CS200118218) 3

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BENEFITS OF ATM
• high performance via hardware switching
• dynamic bandwidth for bursty traffic
• class-of-service support for multimedia
• scalability in speed and network size
• common LAN/WAN architecture
• opportunities for simplification via VC architecture
• international standards compliance

Presented by :- Sangram Sekhar Choudhuri(CS200118218) 4

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ATM CELL HEADER FORMAT

Presented by :- Sangram Sekhar Choudhuri(CS200118218) 5

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ATM REFERENCE MODEL

Presented by :- Sangram Sekhar Choudhuri(CS200118218) 6

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ATM ADDRESS FORMAT

Presented by :- Sangram Sekhar Choudhuri(CS200118218) 7

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ATM SERVICE CLASSES

• constant bit rate (CBR)

• variable bit rate–non-real time (VBR–NRT)

• variable bit rate–real time (VBR–RT)

• available bit rate (ABR)

• unspecified bit rate (UBR)

Presented by :- Sangram Sekhar Choudhuri(CS200118218) 8

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ATM TECHNICAL PARAMETERS

• cell loss ratio (CLR)

• cell transfer delay (CTD)
• cell delay variation (CDV)
• peak cell rate (PCR)
• burst tolerance (BT)
• sustained cell rate (SCR)

Presented by :- Sangram Sekhar Choudhuri(CS200118218) 9

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ATM STANDARDS
• A cohesive set of specifications that provide a
stable ATM framework.
• Provide the end-to-end service definitions
• An important ATM standard is interworking
between ATM and frame relay
• Two ATM networking standards
1)broadband intercarrier interface (B–ICI)
2)public network-to-network interface (P–NNI)

Presented by :- Sangram Sekhar Choudhuri(CS200118218) 10

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DATA INSERTION SCHEMES

• RFC1483-specifies how interrouter traffic is

encapsulated into ATM
• LANEMPOA- support dynamic use of ATM
SVCs
• voice and video adaptation schemes-for efficient
traffic that no natural breaks, such as a circuit
carrying bits at a fixed rate

Presented by :- Sangram Sekhar Choudhuri(CS200118218) 11

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ATM LAN EMULATION(LANE)

• LANE components
1)LANE clients
2)LANE servers

Presented by :- Sangram Sekhar Choudhuri(CS200118218) 12

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VIDEO OVER ATM

• Handled by VBR–RT VCs using AAL–5 for
MPEG2 on ATM for video-on-demand
applications
• MPEG2 coding can result in two modes:
1. program streams—variable-length packets
carrying single or multiple programs
2. transport streams—188-byte packets that contain
multiple programs
• Time stamps are inserted into MPEG2 packets
during the encoding and multiplexing process to
make better use of networking resources.

Presented by :- Sangram Sekhar Choudhuri(CS200118218) 13

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VOICE OVER ATM

• VBR–RT connections is used over ATM which
uses silence period.
• Various dynamic compression techniques are
used to free bandwidth and alleviate congestion
• A further enhancement is to support voice
switching over SVCs which interprets PBX
(private branch exchange) signaling and routing
voice calls to the appropriate destination PBX

Presented by :- Sangram Sekhar Choudhuri(CS200118218) 14

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NETWORK TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT

• objectives :To deliver quality-of-service (QoS)
for multimedia applications and provide overall
optimization of network resources.

• categorized into three distinct elements

1. nodal-level controls that operate in real time
2. network-level controls operate in near real time
3. network engineering capabilities operating in
non real time

Presented by :- Sangram Sekhar Choudhuri(CS200118218) 15

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ATM APPLICATIONS

Presented by :- Sangram Sekhar Choudhuri(CS200118218) 16

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ATM AND IP INTERWORKING

• ATM and IP offer: Scalability, traffic engineering, service
differentiation, high availability, value-added applications such
as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs)
• Some specifications of ATM and IP
1. Multi-Protocol over ATM (MPOA) as addition to LAN
Emulation (LANE)
2. Additions to ATM's superior routing protocol PNNI
3. adoption of Frame-based ATM over Sonet/SDH (FAST)

Presented by :- Sangram Sekhar Choudhuri(CS200118218) 17

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CONCLUSION
• ATM technology is the only technology that can
guarantee a certain and predefined quality of
service.
• The growth of the Internet, need for broadband
access and e-commerce are spurring the need
for a reliable, flexible, scalable, predictable,
versatile transport system and that is given by
ATM Technology.
• For voice, video, data and images together, the
next generation network depends on ATM.

Presented by :- Sangram Sekhar Choudhuri(CS200118218) 18

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Presented by :- Sangram Sekhar Choudhuri(CS200118218) 19