?

Why do we need a new technology

Cost minimization

Increase data speed

Quick deployment

More service

Serve more customer

Undergraduate thesis on

Fixed & Mobile WiMAX deployment in Bangladesh

(WiMAX Network Planning for Dhaka city)

Supervised by Mrs Sadia Hamid Kazi

Sunjib Kumer Singha

Kaisar Hamid
 < 10 m
802.15 (Bluetooth)

IEEE Standards View of Wireless Communication

WiMAX

WWAN
Proposed
802.20
 WiMAX

• Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access

• State of the art Broadband Wireless Technology
• IEEE 802.16d- Fixed WiMAX, IEEE 802.16e-2005- Mobile
WiMAX
• Standardized & regulated by WiMAX Forum
Why WiMAX is Special?
• OFDM-based physical layer
• Very high peak data rates
• Scalable bandwidth and data rate support
• Adaptive modulation and coding (AMC)
• Support for TDD and FDD
• Orthogonal frequency division multiple access
(OFDMA)
• Flexible and dynamic per user resource allocation
• Support for advanced antenna techniques
 WiMAX Network Architecture

Internet
BS AAA
MS ASP

MIP-HA
BS
ASN IP IP
Access network GW Network
Network
MS
Connectivity service
network (CSN)

BS
Access service OSS/BSS PSTN
MS network (ASN)

Gateway

3GPP/
3GPP2
 Cell Planning Process
System
requirements

System growth Nominal cell plan

Coverage
System tuning
Infinite loop! & interference
predictions

System
installation Surveys

System Design
Cell Planning Basic

Cell Area where radio coverage is provided by

●
●

one Base Transceiver Station (BTS)

Hexagonal cell
●
● The geographical location where the RBS
Site equipment is stored, and the BTS antennas
are mounted.

●
● The functional entity of the Base Station
BTS System (BSS) which handles the radio interface
to the Mobile Station (MSs) in one cell.
Cell Planning Basic

Site

Omni Directional Cell 3 Sectored Cell (120)

BTS
Cell Planning Basic

Frequency Reuse

Cluster (N=3) i
Bcell = Btotal / N

Because…
Because…
•• overcome
overcome the
the limitations
limitations of
of allocated
allocated bandwidth
bandwidth Same set of frequency
•• Minimize
Minimize the
the interference
interference
•• Hence
Hence design
design aa planned
planned network
network
Proposed Network Design

BTRC Regulations

• At least 128 kbps per subscriber should be ensured at all time

• EIRP of Central Station (Hub) should not exceed +40dBm per RF channel

• The minimum compression Codec to be used as equivalent to Q. 729.

• A contiguous 30 MHz of unpaired spectrum from 2.3 GHz band (23xx-23xx MHz and 23xx-23xx MHz)
will be assigned to 2 licensees. A contiguous 30 MHz of unpaired spectrum from 2.5 GHz band
(25xx-26xx MHz) will be assigned to 1 licensee.

• 30MHz contiguous channel will be allocated to each operator to provide BWA services. Per channel
bandwidth should be either 5 or 10 MHz

• Subject to the availability, two pair of frequency will be assigned form any of the 18, 23, 26 and
38 GHz band to build their own point to point link.
Proposed Network Design

Network Design
For
For our
our proposed
proposed design
design we
we have
have use
use HiperMAX
HiperMAX 44 manufactured
manufactured by
by Airspan
Airspan
Proposed Network Design

Network Design

BS
BS Type
Type HyperMAX4
HyperMAX4
Sector
Sector Angle
Angle 120
120 deg
deg
Antenna
Antenna Height
Height 60m
60m
EIRP
EIRP (dBm)
(dBm) 36
36
Frequency
Frequency Band
Band 2.5
2.5 GHz
GHz
Duplex
Duplex Method
Method TDD
TDD
Channel
Channel Bandwidth
Bandwidth (MHz)
(MHz) 10
10
Network
Network Type
Type Cellular
Cellular
Propagation
Propagation Environment:
Environment: Hilly,
Hilly, moderate
moderate to
to heavy
heavy tree
tree density
density //
Dense
Dense Urban
Urban
Maximum
Maximum Non-LOS
Non-LOS Range
Range (km)
(km) 4.95
4.95
Maximum
Maximum LOSLOS Range
Range (km)
(km) 44
44
Planned
Planned Cell
Cell Range
Range (km)
(km) 4.95
4.95
Proposed Network Design

Downlink NLOS LOS Network Design

BS Tx Power dBm 21.0206 21.0206
Tx Channel Combination Gain dB 6 6
Tx AAS Gain dB 3.3 3.3 Uplink
AAS Pointing Loss dB 0 0
    NLOS LOS
Tx Diversity Gain dB 0 0
CPE Tx Power dBm 23.0206 23.0206
BS feeder Loss dB 1 1
Tx Subchannelisation Gain dB 0 0
Standard BS Antenna Gain dBi 16 16
Tx Diversity Gain dB 0 0
CPE Antenna Gain dBi 13 13
CPE feeder Loss dB 0 0
CPE Feeder Loss dB 0 0
CPE Antenna Gain dBi 13 13
Rx Diversity Gain dB 0 0
Standard BS Antenna Gain dBi 16 16
BS Feeder Loss dB 1 1
BPSK_1/2 Rx Sens dBm -95.4 -95.4 BS Antenna Array Gain dB 6 6
        Rx Diversity Gain dB 3 0
Downlink Budget dB 153.8 153.8 BPSK_1/2 Rx Sens dBm -95.4 -95.4407
       
Uplink Budget dB 155.5 152.5

EIRP= BS Tx Power+ BS Antenna Gain- BS Feeder Loss

= 21.0206+16-1 = 36.026 dB
Proposed Network Design

VOIP Specification

Codec G729 10 ms
Codec Data Rate (bits/s) 8000
VoIP Payload Header Size (octets) 40
Codec Frame Duration (s) 0.01
Codec Sample Size (octets) 10
Total Payload Size (octets) 50
Required Thruput per call (octets/s) 5000
Required Thruput per call (Mb/s) 0.04
 
Maximum # simultaneous calls = 51
Erlangs per RF 38.9
Erlangs per line 0.08

486
Maximum Planned VoiP Users per RF Channel
 Proposed Network Design

VoIP Service Flows Data Service Flows

  Range (km)   (with average 50byte packets) (with average 500byte packets)
Modulation Distribution Uplink Downlink   Uplink Downlink Uplink Downlink

Gross Net Data Net Data Net Data Net Data

Burst Rate Rate Rate Rate Rate
Mod     (Mbps) %age (Mbps) %age (Mbps) %age (Mbps) %age (Mbps)
                       

BPSK1/2 5.48 4.95 4.32 17% 0.80 20% 2.13 17% 1.17 20% 2.37
QPSK1/2 4.65 4.20 8.64 15% 1.40 16% 4.25 15% 2.35 16% 4.74
QPSK3/4 4.05 3.68 8.64 0% 1.88 0% 6.37 0% 3.52 0% 7.11
16QAM1/2 3.45 3.08 17.28 20% 1.88 21% 8.50 20% 4.69 21% 9.48
16QAM3/4 2.93 2.63 25.92 19% 2.80 19% 12.65 19% 7.04 19% 14.23
64QAM2/3 2.33 2.10 34.56 7% 2.80 6% 16.87 7% 9.39 6% 18.97
64QAM3/4 2.10 1.95 38.88 22% 2.80 18% 18.97 22% 10.56 18% 21.34
                       

Aggregate Capacity (Mbps)       100% 2.07 100% 9.73 100% 5.83 100% 10.92
            Max Peak Rate (Mbps) 10.56   21.34
Proposed Network Design

Power Required Per BS

BS Tx Power in dBm= 21.0206
In our design we have used COST231 HATA Propagation
21.0206 = 10 Log10 (Ptx ) Model

Log10(Ptx ) = 2.1

Ptx = 0.12 Watt

L(dB)  46.3  33.9 log f MHz  13.82 log h1  a( h2 )  (44.9  6.55log h1 ) log dkm  K
= 162.95 db
For Urban- Large City (K=-3)
a (h2 )   1.1log f MHz  0.7  h2   1.56log f MHz  0.8  15
Frequency f: 1500 – 2500 MHz
Base station height h1: 30 – 200 m
Mobile station height h2: 1 – 10 m
= -14.95 Distance d: 1 – 20 km
Proposed Network Design

Area of the Dhaka = 815 km²

Population: 11,918,442
BS radius r = 1.25 km

Served area by per BS =

Needed Cell =

Needed BS (3 Sectored site) =

Proposed Network Design

3 Sector per cell

Total Cell = 68
Cell Radius = 1.25 km
Proposed Network Design

Access Frequency Charge

Spectrum Charges in Taka = STU x CF x BW x AF x BF
Where,
i) STU=Spectrum Tariff Unit=1 US Dollar equivalent BDT @ published by Bangladesh
Bank on the last day of each quarter.
ii) CF=Contribution Factor for Access Frequency shall be calculated considering the
following table of subscriber base
iii) BW=Bandwidth Assigned for Access Frequency in MHz
iv) AF=Area Factor for Access Frequency= Geographical area of Bangladesh.
v) BF=Band Factor = 0.50
Proposed Network Design

Microwave Frequency Charge

Spectrum Charges in Taka = STU x CF x BW x AF x BF
Where,
i) STU=Spectrum Tariff Unit=1 US Dollar equivalent BDT @ published by Bangladesh
Bank on the last day of each quarter.
ii) CF=Contribution Factor for Microwave Frequency=1
iii) BW=Bandwidth occupied for Microwave Frequency in MHz
iv) AF=Area Factor for Microwave Frequency Point to Point link=Link Length² x 0.273
(Minimum distance for Link Length shall be 7 km)
v) BF=Band Factor shall be calculated as per following table:
Proposed Network Design

Transmitted Power Charge

About bracNet

•• Fixed
Fixed WiMAX
WiMAX in in 3.5
3.5 GHz
GHz Frequency
Frequency
•• Flat
Flat Network
Network
•• Channel
Channel Bandwidth
Bandwidth 3.5
3.5 MHz
MHz Uttara
•• 88 BS
BS
•• 22 Network
Network Operation
Operation Center
Center with
with Full
Full
control
control option
option to
to POP
POP (Aarong
(Aarong House
House & &
Kaderia
Kaderia Tower)
Tower)

•• Serving
Serving about
about 600
600 CPE
CPE Mohakhali
•• Internet,
Internet, Intranet,
Intranet, Online
Online Banking
Banking
•• EIRP
EIRP 34
34 dBm
dBm
Dhanmondi
•• Applied
Applied for
for BWA
BWA license
license for
for WiMAX
WiMAX
•• Cell
Cell Planning
Planning for
for future
future network
network isis
ongoing
ongoing
Motijheel
Eventually….

• We don’t have any RF Planning Software

• As WiMAX is a complex technology we need more time to examine it
• As bracNet going to implement WiMAX network, we are planning to work
with them voluntarily.
 Vote of Thanks
 Mrs. Sadia Hamid Kazi, Senior Lecturer
Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering, BRAC University

 Mustafa M. Husain, Associate Professor

Dept. of Electronics & Communication Engineering, East West University

 Md. Manir Hossan Sarkar, Asst. Manager

Customer Care & Network Rollout, bracNet

 Kaashif Reza Choudhury, Asst. System Administrator

Network Operation Center (NOC), bracNet
?