Prepared by:- Priyal Rana

In economics, the term glass ceiling refers to situations where the advancement of a qualified person within the hierarchy of an organization is stopped at a lower level because of some form of discrimination, most commonly sexism or racism. However, since the term was coined, "glass ceiling" has also come to describe the limited advancement of the deaf, blind, disabled, and aged.

[[Sexual discrimination]] was outlawed in the United States through the [[Civil Rights Act of 1964]] in the hopes of allowing women to rise in the working world once proper experience has been achieved. The term glass ceiling was first used in a Wall Street Journal column, Corporate Women, in the late 1980s. It is a reflection of gender roles and relations which give rise to and perpetuate inequalities between women and men in all walks of life The invisible artificial barriers that block women from senior executive jobs

Different pay for comparable work. Sexual, ethnic, racial, religious discrimination or harassment in the workplace Lack of family-friendly workplace policies. Exclusion from informal networks Stereotyping and preconceptions of women's roles and abilities. Failure of senior leadership to assume accountability for women's advancement; Lack of role models; Lack of mentoring Requiring long hours for advancement, sometimes called the hour-glass ceiling.

IT
Banking/finance

Health Industry
Government

Education
Its everywhere!

Exclusion From Networking

Stereotypes Lack of Role Models Inability to Re-enter Workforce Culture

Traditional approach of companies

Indra Nooyi - Chairperson & CEO of PepsiCo

Kiran Mazumdar Shaw- Chairperson & M.D. of Biocon Naina Lal Kidwai-CEO of HSBC

Although some believe there to be a glass ceiling, many women have still found much success. When at the top management, many women feel like outsiders. Most of the time they are the only female at that level and are surrounded by males. Some women have faced sexual harassment, wage inequality, blocked movement and gender stereotyped roles. Women are said to have different styles of leadership and management once they break the barrier. They are generalized to be more nurturing and caring in nature than men.

Women are a key resource in the race to create new products and resources Womens skills level is rising More and more women are starting businesses Its not only the right thing to do, its also good for business

Thiruvananthapuram:- First Bollywood and now the Malayalam film industry. Women are making inroads in the male-dominated territory of filmmaking, quitting cushy jobs and breaking away from their settled lives to wield the megaphone. Take 38-year-old Shiny J. Koshy who took a break from Kuwait, where her husband was employed, and took the plunge into filmmaking. Today she is busy working as an assistant director to award-winning filmmaker Jairaj in his latest film "The Train", which stars Malayalam superstar Mammootty. "Twelve years back I had worked as an assistant with Jairaj for two of his films and due to reasons of my own I took a break from films. Now, since I have a lot of time, I have decided to rejoin him," Koshy told IANS "I will be assisting him in his next film also. I am simultaneously working on my own film...I will announce it at an appropriate time," she added

Women hold 1 to 5 per cent of top executive jobs in the largest corporations world wide Only 12 countries have a women head of state Only 14 % of the worlds Parliamentarians are women Only 1 per cent of trade union leaders are women

Brass Ceiling - In the traditionally male-dominated fields of law enforcement and military service, some people use the term brass ceiling to describe the difficulty women have when they try to rise up in the ranks. "The brass" denotes the decision-makers at the top of an organization, especially in the military; it is an example of synecdoche. Stained-Glass Ceiling is a sociological phenomenon in religious communities similar to the concept of the "glass ceiling." The concept revolves around the apparent difficulty for women who seek to gain a role within church leadership Bamboo Ceiling - The exclusion of Asian-descendants from executive and managerial roles on the basis of subjective factors such as "lack of leadership potential" or "inferior communication ability" where the East Asiandescendants candidate has superior objective credentials such as education in high-prestige universities

Expatriate Glass Ceiling - After breaking through the first level of the glass ceiling, many women are beginning to face an additional barrier. This is a term used to describe this second level of obstruction which prevents women in managerial positions from receiving foreign management assignments, projects, and experiences that is becoming increasingly more important for promotion into the upper-level managerial positions. Glass Closet - The exclusion of openly gay men and women from certain jobs, especially in the media. concrete ceiling is due to minority women facing both issues of sexism and racism which intensifies their obstructions in advancing within the labor market

Glass cliff - A situation wherein someone has been promoted into a risky, difficult job where the chances of failure are higher. Sticky Floor - refers to women who are trapped in low-wage, low mobility jobs in state and local government. Celluloid ceiling- Referring to the small number of women in top positions in Hollywood. Glass Labyrinth - referring to something related to a maze that one can find the way out of and get through; otherwise thought of as finding a path through power in an organization. Sticky Ladder - A term used to describe women's struggle to reach the top of the corporate ladder. This term describes the theory that women are not incapable of reaching the top; they just get "stuck" on the middle rungs of the ladder.

GLASS WALL - REFERS TO THE PHENOMENON OF HIGH RATES OF WOMEN ADVANCING TO EXECUTIVE POSITIONS BUT ONLY IN CERTAIN INDUSTRIES. GLASS ELEVATOR (OR GLASS ESCALATOR) - SOME BELIEVE THERE IS A RAPID PROMOTION OF MEN OVER WOMEN, ESPECIALLY INTO MANAGEMENT, IN FEMALE-DOMINATED FIELDS SUCH AS NOURISHING.

Top jobs 1-5 percent of executive jobs occupied by women.

Senior management percent. Managerial jobs 10-20 6-30 percent.

Administrative and managerial 10-43 percent.

Professional and technical percent.

20-60