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CATIA Training

Foils

Sketcher

Version 5 Release 9 June 2002 EDU-CAT-E-SKE-FF-V5R9

Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002

Course Presentation
Objectives of the course
In this course you will learn how to sketch, constrain, and edit 2D profiles. These profiles are then used to generate solids and surfaces

Targeted audience
New users
1 day

Prerequisites
CATIA Basics

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Table of Contents (1/3)


1. Introduction to CATIA Sketcher
Workbench Presentation

p.6
p.7

2. Sketching Simple Profiles


The Sketcher Work Modes Profiles Points Lines Spline Circles and Arcs Conics Axis

p.17
p.18 p.26 p.29 p.33 p.37 p.41 p.47 p.53

3. Sketching Pre-Defined Profiles


Sketching Pre-Defined Profiles

p.57
p.58

4. Editing Profiles
Modifying Profile Geometry Editing a Spline

p.64
p.65 p.70

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Table of Contents (2/3)


5. Operations on Profiles
Re-Limiting Operations Transformation Operations Offset Operation on 3D Geometry Edit Mark Definition Editing Parent Children and Constraints

p.75
p.76 p.88 p.94 p.99 p.105 p.108

6. Setting Constraints
Introduction to Constraints Quick Constraints Constraints Via Dialog Box Auto Constraints Animating Constraints Sorting Sketches by their Solving Status Relation between Dimensions

p.111
p.112 p.117 p.123 p.126 p.131 p.132 p.137

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Table of Contents (3/3)


7. Managing Sketches
Creating Planes Replacing a Sketch Changing Sketch Support Sketch Analysis Change Body

p.141
p.142 p.149 p.150 p.153 p.164

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Introduction to the CATIA Sketcher


In this lesson you will see the V5 CATIA Sketcher user interface and basic functions

Why Using the Sketcher ? Discover It Sketcher Workbench Sketcher Interface Sketcher Terminology Sketcher General Process To Sum Up

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Why Using the Sketcher?

The Sketcher is a set of tools to help users quickly generate 2D Geometry.


The completed Sketch can then be used to generate Solids and Surfaces The capability to define Constraints between elements in the Sketcher allows for quick modification of the Sketch and consequently the Solids or Surfaces that are based on it. Other tools such as Animate Constraints enable the user to explore design alternatives

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Sketcher Workbench (1/2)

Select Start > Mechanical Design > Sketcher then select a plane or a face on an object

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Sketcher Workbench (2/2)


You can also access the Sketcher by selecting the Sketcher icon from any Workbench where it is possible to do a sketch.

If you want to create a Sketch by specifying its 3D position and orientation, you have to select the Sketch Positionning icon.

A dialog box where you can define the Absolute Axis System appears. If you create a Sketch, it will be positionned regarding to this System.

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Sketcher Interface (1/4): Sketcher Workbench General


A New Sketch will register in the Part Tree when entering the Sketcher Workbench
Standard tools Part tree Exit to 3D Space

Tools & Operations


Constraints Icons
New Sketch

Sketcher Design tools...

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Sketcher Interface (2/4): Sketcher Tools

Exit Sketcher Profile Rectangles, Polygons... Circles, Ellipse, Arcs... Spline Ellipse Line Axis Points...

Profiles

Operations
Corner

Chamfer
Trim options... Symmetry Projection Constraints dialog box Constraint Auto Constraint Animate Constraint
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Constraints

Sketcher Interface (3/4): Toolbars Sketcher Icons


Insert menu or toolbars Predefined Profiles

Circles

Conic

Line

Point

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Sketcher Interface (4/4): Sketcher Plane


It is possible to zoom, pan and rotate (using the mouse).

Once on the plane on which you want to sketch has been selected, it is displayed parallel to the screen (if Tools+ Option + mechanical Design + Sketcher + Position sketch plane parallel to screen is active)

To reset a sketch plane orientation, select the Normal View icon

If you select the Normal View icon when the sketch plane is already displayed parallel to the screen, you will turn the sketch plane and see its other side.

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Sketcher Terminology
The Sketch is the holding point for a group 2D elements on a specific plane. There can be more than one Sketch using the same plane as support. The V-H Axis is the 0,0 for the Sketch. Sketches generally consist of a Profile, Constraints, and Dimensions (a type of Constraint).

Profile

Constraints

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Dimensions

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General Process
1 2
Select a plane, a solid face, or a planar surface to sketch on Access the Sketcher workbench

3 4 5
Constrain the geometric elements Create geometric elements

An in-work sketch is added to the Specification tree

Use the sketch to create a solid or surface

6
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To Sum Up

You have seen:


A QuickStart Sketcher demonstration Why Sketch? How to access the workbench Its user interface and tools The terminology that will be used The general design process

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Sketching Simple Profiles


In this lesson you will learn how to create most of the Sketcher geometric elements. You will also learn how to use the various work modes available for the Sketcher Workbench

The CATIA Sketcher Work Modes Profiles Points Lines Splines Circles and Arcs Conics Axis To Sum Up

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The CATIA Sketcher Work Modes


You will learn the Sketcher work modes by using:

Grid/Snap Standard/Construction Geometry

Value Fields Automatic Constraints Automatic Dimensions Section View

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Why Sketcher Work Modes?

The Sketcher work modes aid you while you sketch the geometry. They facilitate input of values, automate Geometrical/Dimensional Constraints creation, help visualize 3D geometry etc ...

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Using Grid/Snap
When creating any lines ( profile, segment, circle, arc, curve, ), you can activate or deactivate the snap to point icon at any time. When the snap to point icon is active, the cursor only snaps on the points of the grid (graphical creation). If you enter coordinates when the snap to point icon is active, the system does not take into account the grid and place the point in accordance with the coordinates you have entered. To modify the grid parameters, select Tools + Options from the top of the screen, select Mechanical Design from 3 the dialog box then, select the Sketcher tab. 1 4

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Standard / Construction Geometry

Two types of element: Standard or Construction


Standard elements represent the most commonly created elements Construction elements aim at helping you in sketching the required profile. They facilitate your design

Creating standard or construction elements is based upon the same methodology.


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Standard + Construction Elements

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Value Fields
1

When sketching, you can enter exact coordinates/lengths/angles in the Tools bar.

For the profile first point, you can define the Horizontal and Vertical coordinates. By pressing the tab key you access the Horizontal coordinate field, so you can enter it. By pressing the tab key once more, you access to the Vertical coordinate field, so you can enter it

For example, in using the Profile tool ... 2 For the profile second point, you can also use the tab key to enter a coordinate, but you can also define the second point of the profile by entering the length of the segment between the first and the second point and/or by entering the angle between the Horizontal axis and the segment to be created.

3 When profiling an arc, the tools bar allows you to enter the H and V coordinates of the last point of the arc but you can also enter a radius. You can enter these coordinates by using the tab key.

If you enter only one of the coordinates (H, V, L, A or R) you fix it, this means that the other parameters can move graphically but not the fixed one.
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Automatic Dimensions

In sketcher, select the Dimensional Constraints Icon

When activated: - corner dimensions - chamfer dimensions - dimensions entered into the value fields are automatically created during geometry construction.

Multi-select two edges of existing rectangle

Select the Corner icon

4
With Dimensional Constraints on

Move the corner preview to the desired location and click

With Dimensional Constraints off

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Automatic Constraints

In sketcher, select the Geometrical Constraints Icon

In Tools/Options/Mechanical Design/Sketcher/Constraint/SmartPick specify which Constraints you want detected

Notice that Tangency Constraints are created even if Geometrical Constraints is Off

With Geometrical Constraints Off

3
With Geometrical Constraints On Start to sketch the geometry. Variations of valid Constraints will be proposed depending on where the Mouse is with respect to the existing geometry. When you see the Constraint you require, click on the Mouse to store the Constraint (and the new geometry).

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Section Views

In order to see a Section View of the part while sketching, click on the Cutting Plane icon in the Cut By Plane toolbar.

This is purely a visualization tool, no intersection curves are created from the intersection of the Solid with the Cutting Plane.
If you need to constrain to (or Dimension off from) the intersected outline of the Solid, use the Intersect 3D Elements tool

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Profiles
You will learn how to create a Profile element

Profile in the Sketcher

Profile seen in 3D

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What are Profiles ?


A profile is a series of adjacent planar geometric elements such as points, lines, and curves Profiles are used to extrude Sketch-Based features Closed or open ? A profile can be: "Closed" (the last element connects up with the first element in the series) or "Open" (the first and last elements in the series are not in contact). If a profile is "Closed", it can have other profiles contained inside its boundaries
Open profile

Inner profiles
A profile, within a profile, is shown here to illustrate how "Inner Domains" work. Notice the reversals of the Boolean operations between addition and subtraction as we progress from the outside inwards
Inner profiles
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Creating Profiles
Horizontal constraint

Select the tangent arc icon, select end point

Tangency constraint

In the Sketcher, Select Profile icon

2
6

Select the line icon (default) and click on two points to create line

Drag horizontally and click to create line. Rather than using the Tangent arc icon to create the final arc, click, drag and release at the beginning of the arc and CATIA goes into the tangent arc mode automatically.

Select the Three Point Arc icon and click on two points to create arc

5
Select the line icon and drag vertically to create line and click
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Points
You will learn the various methods to create points

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Two Ways to Create Points in the Sketcher


Points can be created in the Sketcher in two ways:

- By the user - By the system When the user creates a line, the lines end points are automatically created by the system. When the user creates a circle, the center point is created. The coordinates of these automatically created points can later be modified by double-clicking and entering new values. Alternatively, the user can first create the points directly. He can then create a line or any other geometry by selecting these points.

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Points by Identification

1 2
In the Sketcher, select the Point by clicking on the Coordinates icon
Click to define the location where you want the point

For ease of placing the points, select the Snap to Point icon so the cursor will snap to the grid while trying to locate the point

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Points by Coordinates

In the Sketcher, select the Point by clicking on the Coordinates icon

Fill in the desired Cartesian or Polar coordinates

If the Dimensional Constraints mode is on, Polar dimensions will automatically be created in the case of Polar input. (Cartesian dimensions created in the case of Cartesian input)

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Lines
You will learn the various methods to create lines

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What is a Line in CATIA V5?

In CATIA V5, a line segment is described in the Specification Tree by three nodes - two point nodes (Point.1 and Point.2) and one line node (Line.1). The line is supported by its parents - the points. When the position of a point is modified (either by double-clicking and entering new coordinates; or by dragging), the position of the line will change accordingly.

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Lines Between Two Points


1 2
In the Sketcher, select the Line icon Click on starting point of the line... then click on the end point

OR you can type the line specifications in the value fields of the Tools toolbar

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Bi-Tangent Lines

2
Select the two elements you want the line to be tangent to ...

In the Sketcher, select the Bi-Tangent Line icon

The Bi-Tangent line is created

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Splines
You will learn how to create a Spline in the Sketcher

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Which Should I Use - Sketcher Spline or 3D Spline?


Since the 3D Spline Tool - available within the Wireframe&Surfaces (WFS) or Generative Shape Design (GSD) workbenches - can also be used in a 2D manner (with Geometry on Support being a plane), when should you use the Sketcher Spline and when is the 3D Spline more appropriate? In general, use the Sketcher Spline to create Sketches for generating solid SketchBased Features. (Although Pads and Pockets can be generated from 3D Splines) Use the 3D Spline when you need more control over the Spline - i.e. Tangent Tension, Curvature Direction, Curvature Radius. Surfaces can be generated from Splines created by either method.

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Creating a Spline
1 3 2
In sketcher, select the Spline Icon Click first point to start the spline then click the second point of the spline

5 4
Double-click to specify the spline End Point.

4
Double-Click on a Spline Control Point to specify exact coordinates or to create a Tangency vector at that point. You can later apply Constraints to this vector (i.e. make it parallel to a line). then click for the third point of the spline

Double-click on a Spline Control Point to specify exact coordinates or to define a Curvature after a tangency vector
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Connecting Curves
1 Select the
Connect icon

Select the first curve

3
Select the second curve

You get:

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Circles and Arcs


You will learn the various methods to create circles and arcs.

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What are Circles and Arcs in CATIA ?

In CATIA V5, a Circle consists of two nodes: Point.1 Circle.1 specifying the coordinates of the Circle Center specifying the Radius of the Circle

The Arc will have two additional nodes: Point.2 Point.3 specifying the coordinates of one limit specifying the coordinates of the second limit

Note: When a Circle is Trimmed leaving only a portion of the complete circle. Two additional points are added to the Specifications Tree. In fact, the representation becomes the same as that of an Arc.

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Basic Circles

Click once to define the center point of the circle, then drag the cursor

In the sketcher, select the Circle icon

3
and click again to define the circle size

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Circles Through Three Points

In the Sketcher, select the Three Point Circle icon

Click three times to define 3 points. The circle will pass through these points

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Circles Using Coordinates

In sketcher, select Circle using the Coordinates icon

3 2
Enter the absolute coordinates of the circle Enter the size of the radius

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Three Points Arcs


Click to define the first point to start the arc...

In the Sketcher, select Three Point Arc icon

3
then click to define the second point of the arc

4
Then click to define the end point of the arc

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Conics
You will learn the various methods to create conics

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Types of Conic that Can Be Created

Ellipse

Parabola

Hyperbola

Conic Ellipse Parabola

Required Inputs Center, Major Axis Limit, Point on Curve Focus, Apex, Start Point, End Point

Hyperbola

Focus, Center, Apex, Start Point, End Point

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Creating an Ellipse (1/2)


Click to indicate center point of ellipse

then click the second point for the major axis endpoint

In the Sketcher, select the Ellipse Icon

The Tools Toolbar then displays values for defining the ellipse major axis endpoint

Center point coordinates can also be input in the Tools Toolbar

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Creating an Ellipse (2/2)

4 Click to indicate for


minor axis endpoint

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Creating a Parabola
2 Click to indicate the
Focus Point of the Parabola

then click the second point for the Apex

In the Sketcher, select the Parabola Icon

Next indicate the two endpoints

As always, the Tools Toolbar is contextual and allows the user to input specific point coordinates during the creation steps

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Creating a Hyperbola
2
Click to indicate the Focus Point of the Hyperbola

4 click the third


point for the Apex

In the Sketcher, select the Hyperbola Icon

3 then click the


second point for the Center

Next indicate the two endpoints

As always, the Tools Toolbar is contextual and allows the user to input specific point coordinates during the creation steps

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Axis
You will learn the method to create an Axis in Sketcher

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What is the Axis Used for?


An Axis element must be included in a Sketch from which a Shaft or Groove solid feature is created. The Profile to be swept around this axis must either be Closed or have its endpoints Coincident to the axis.

An Axis drawn into a Sketch can also be used (but not required) to generate a Surface of Revolution. A separate Line or Solid Edge can also serve to specify the axis of revolution. Also, the Profile need not be Closed nor Coincident to the axis in this case.

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Creating an Axis

1 2
In the Sketcher, select Axis icon Click the first location for starting point of the axis...

then click the end location

You will need axes whenever using a symmetry command or creating a grove or shaft.

3
Using the shaft command on our profile sketch, CATIA produces a shaft using the axis we defined

Axes cannot be converted into construction elements


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To Sum Up ...
You have seen how to set the Sketcher work modes:

Grid/Snap Construction/Standard Elements Automatic Constraints and Dimensions etc


You are now familiar with tools for Sketching simple profiles: Profile Points Lines Splines Circles and Arcs Conics Axis

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Sketching Pre-Defined Profiles


In this lesson you will learn how to Sketch the Pre-Defined Profiles

Sketching Pre-Defined Profiles To Sum Up

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Sketching Pre-Defined Profiles


You will learn the different ways to create pre-defined profiles Rectangle

Oriented Rectangle

Parallelogram

Elongated Hole
Cylindrical Elongated Hole Keyhole Profile Hexagon
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What are Pre-Defined Profiles ?

Pre-Defined Profiles are tools to facilitate the creation of standard complex shapes with the minimal number of inputs that can fully describe all aspects of that shape. It increases productivity by reducing Mouse/Keyboard interactions

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Rectangle

Click to define the starting corner of the rectangle...

In the Sketcher, select the Rectangle icon

then click to define the diagonal corner

OR you can type the rectangle specifications in the value fields of the Tools toolbar In creating all the Pre-Defined Profiles, it is always useful to read the prompts at the bottom left corner of the screen

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Parallelogram
3

Click to define the starting corner of the Parallelogram ...

then click to define the second corner

In the Sketcher, select the Parallelogram icon

finally, click to determine the width and internal angles of the Parallelogram

OR you can type the Parallelogram specifications in the value fields of the Tools pallet
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Elongated Hole
3 1 2
Indicate the first center of the hole ...

indicate the second center ...

4
finally, click to determine the radius of the Elongated Hole

In the Sketcher, select the Elongated Hole icon

OR you can type the hole specifications in the value fields of the Tools pallet
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To Sum Up ...
You have learned to create Pre-Defined Profiles such as:

Rectangle Oriented Rectangle Parallelogram Elongated Hole Cylindrical Elongated Hole Keyhole Profile Hexagon

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Editing Profiles
In this lesson will learn tools to help you edit Sketcher elements

Modifying Profile Geometry To Sum Up

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Modifying Profile Geometry


You will learn how modify 2D sketch elements to propagate changes to 3D parts

Before

After Change

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Why Modify Profile Geometry?


Sketch-based features rely on profiles for their shape Especially if defined with the proper constraints that represent the design intent of the part, the profile geometry can easily be changed for downstream design changes

Modified cube Corner removed from sketch

Design change
Changing the sketch that defines a feature propagates that change to all subsequent operations involving the feature
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Modifying Profile Element Coordinates


1
Double click the line to edit its coordinates

Edit the existing coordinates of the line to new parameters (V: 50mm)

H: -40 V: 50

This method works on most construction entities, opening the appropriate dialog for the entity selected

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Editing Profile Shape and Size

1
Click and drag the line downward to its new location

The profile changes according to where you move the element and the constraints you have applied

You have modified the shape of the profile without using any intermediary menu options

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Deleting Sketcher Elements


1
Select the element to delete

Select Edit->Delete and the element is suppressed. Now multi-select additional elements to delete

Use the contextual menu (select Mouse Button 3 while cursor is on one of the selected elements) to delete

Select the Undo icon or option to restore deleted elements. The Undo icon or option will remember all changes up to the last time the part was saved
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Editing a Spline (1/3)


You can edit a spline modifying, adding or removing the spline control points

Double click on the spline to be edited

Select the control point to be edited

You will see:

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Editing a Spline (2/3)

Select the control point to be edited

Select the Add Point After option Click a point

You will see: Using the same method, you can add a point before the current point or to replace the current point by another one

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Editing a Spline (3/3)

You can also close the spine

You can also define a tangency or/and a curvature on the current point

Do not forget to select OK in the dialog box to validate the modifications

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Auto Search
1
Select one element in the Profile Commands such as Auto Search that are found in the Menu bar can be added as an Icon into a Toolbar if desired

Drag down to Auto Search from the Edit Menu bar. All elements in the Profile are selected.

Auto Search is a multi-selection tool. Once selected, you can use the Contextual menu to delete or change the properties of all the elements in one go.

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To Sum Up ...
You have seen various ways you can edit Profiles:

Double-Clicking to edit Element Coordinates Modifying Shape and Size by Dragging Deleting Elements
and Using Auto-Search as a handy tool for Multi-Selecting a Profile

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Operations on Profiles
In this lesson you will learn how to reuse existing geometry

Re-Limiting Operations Transformation Operations Offset Operations on 3D Geometry To Sum Up

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Re-Limiting Operations
You will learn how to re-limit geometry using Corner, Chamfer, Trim, and Break Operations

Before Relimitations

After Relimitations

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Why Re-Limiting Geometry?


In general, there is much less need to re-limit geometry in V5. Each one of the closed profiles below was completely sketched with a single activation of the Profile tool. (Refer back to the Profile section for help in sketching these profiles) In fact, using the Profile tool whenever possible is the preferred practice since it will cut down on the number of user interactions.

For a large number of cases, however, re-limitation of sketched geometry using Trim or Break is still necessary to achieve Design Intent.

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Corners
1
Select the Corner Icon

2 Select the Mode - Trim All, Trim First


Element, or No Trim

3
Select the two lines

4
Move the mouse around so that the corner is visualized in the correct quadrant

5
Type in the radius required and hit Enter

If Dimensional Constraints is activated , the radius dimension will be created on the Sketch.

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Chamfers (1/3)
The chamfer command allows you to create a chamfer between two lines trimming either both, the first or none of the elements
Select the Chamfer icon 2 Select the first line on which the chamfer will be created 3 Select the second line on which the chamfer will be created

Select the desired chamfer trim option

Select the desired chamfer definition option

You get:

Using the TAB key, enter the chamfer parameters

Press the Enter key to validate the chamfer creation


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Chamfers (2/3)
Chamfer trim options

Trim all elements

Trim first element

No trim

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Chamfers (3/3)
Chamfer definition options

Length/Angle option:

Length1/Length2 option

Length1/Angle option:

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Trimming Lines (1/5)


Use the trim icon to keep/erase segments before or after an intersection point between two curves or lines
1 Select the Trim icon 2 Select the lines you want to trim on the sides you want kept. According to the selected trim option (Trim All or Trim First Element), you will get :

Trim all elements

Trim the first element

Move the mouse around before selecting the second line - notice that the system shows you the various solutions possible depending on where you select this line.
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Trimming Lines (2/5) - Quick Trim


Using Quick Trim when trimming lines and curves, allows you quickly remove unwanted segments
2 Select the Quick trim option 3 Select the line (a) to be trimmed You get :

Deletes

Select the Quick Trim icon

You get :

Keeps

You get :

Breaks

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Trimming Lines (3/5) - Close


Using Close allows you to close an arc into a full circle.
1 Select the Close icon

Select the arc to be closed

You will get :

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Trimming lines (4/5) - Close


You can close an opened ellipse using the Close icon

Select the Close icon from the Operation toolbar

Select the part of the ellipse you want to close

You get:

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Trimming lines (5/5) - Close


You can also close an opened ellipse using the contextual menu of the ellipse

Select the Close command from the ellipse contextual menu (MB3)

You get:

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Breaking
Use Break to split a line or curve into two parts.

Select the Break icon

Select the line to be broken (a) then select the breaking line (b)

You will get two lines (L1 and L2) :

(a)

(b)

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Transformation Operations
You will learn how to perform transformations such as Rotation, Translation, Scaling and Symmetry on Sketcher Geometry

7 X 45 Degrees Rotation in Duplicate Mode

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Why Transform Geometry?


Using Transformations helps the user avoid repetitive work by enabling the user to reuse existing geometry to help define new geometrically-related Sketcher elements.

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Symmetry

2 1
Select (or Multi-Select) the element(s) to symmetrize

Select the Symmetry icon

Remember that there are a variety of Multi-Selection Tools available

Select a line or axis to specify the axis of symmetry

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Translation

In general, once a value is entered, it is temporarily fixed. The remaining values continue to float. In the example below, if the length of translation is entered, the user is still capable of moving the mouse around to change the direction of the translation. Number of Copies

Select (or Multi-Select) the element(s) to translate

2 3 4

Select the Translation Icon Select a first point on the Grid to define the origin of the translation

Options: A) Select a second point of the Grid to define the distance and direction for the translation B) Type in the coordinates of the second point into the Tools Toolbar C) Make the Translation Definition window active and type in the Length of translation. Indicate the preferred direction. (Press the TAB key to go between fields)

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Rotation
When the Snap Mode is active (as in the Rotation Definition window), the angle values that are proposed as the user moves the mouse around will take on Integer increments

Select (or Multi-Select) the element(s) to rotate

2 3 4

Select the Rotation Icon Select the Center Point for the Rotation

Options: A) Select two points on the Grid with respect to the center to define the angle B) Type in the coordinates of the two points into the Tools Toolbar C) Make the Rotation Definition window active and type in the Angle of Rotation (Press the TAB key to go between fields)

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Scaling
When the Duplicate Mode is not active, the selected geometry is transformed (no new elements are created)

Select (or Multi-Select) the element(s) to scale

2 3

Select the Scaling Icon

Options: A) Select the Center Point and a second point on the Grid with respect to the center to define the magnitude of the Scaling B) Type in the coordinates of these two points into the Tools Toolbar C) Select a center point. Make the Scale Definition window active and type in the Scaling Factor (Press the TAB key to go between fields)

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Offset
You will learn how the Offset tool is used

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What is the Offset Operation?


Offset is a local operation which allows you to duplicate one or several elements of a profile. These elements will be duplicated keeping the parallelism between the selected elements and the duplicated ones

The offset can be positive or negative to determine on which side of the profile the offset profile will be created
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Offsetting Elements (1/2)


The Offset capability allows you to duplicate one or several elements in the Sketcher. These elements will be duplicated keeping the parallelism between the selected elements and the duplicated ones

Once in the Sketcher, select one of the element to be offset

Select the Offset icon

In order to select the connected element of the profile, select the Point Propagation icon

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Offsetting Elements (2/2)


The Offset command allows you to duplicate one or several elements in the Sketcher. These elements will be duplicated keeping the parallelism between the selected elements and the duplicated ones
4 In the Tools toolbar, enter the Offset value: 2

You get: 5 Press the Enter key

To validate, click on the side you want to get the offset profile

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Additional Information
Different options to define an offset

Instead of entering an offset value, you can define a point the offset profile will pass through by entering its coordinates
To offset only the selected element To define several instances

To offset only the tangent elements

To offset only in both directions

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Operations on 3D Geometry
You will learn what tools operate on 3D Geometry from Sketch Mode and why they are important

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What are the Tools that Operate on 3D Geometry and Why are they Important?
Project - projects elements that are off the current Sketch plane into the Sketch. - Projection is associative to the parent 3D geometry - intersects 3D elements with the Sketch plane - Intersection is associative to the parent 3D geometry - Breaks the links that Projected and Intersected elements have with their parent 3D geometry so that they may be edited independently

Intersect

Isolate

The Profile of the Tray is linked to the Profile of the Support through a Projection

Tray Support

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Project 3D Elements
2 1
Select (or Multi-Select) the elements to project onto the Sketch plane. (Selecting Solid Faces or Surfaces will project the boundary curves of these elements) Select the Projection Icon

Here a projected Solid Edge (a Spline contour) is used as part of the closed profile for the current Sketch

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Intersect 3D Element

Select (or Multi-Select) the elements to intersect with the Sketch plane.

Select the Intersection Icon

If the shape of the surface should change, this contour will also change accordingly

Here the curve generated by intersecting the surface with the Sketch plane can be used as part of the closed profile for the current sketch
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Project 3D Silhouette Edges


The Project 3D Silhouette Edges command shows how to create silhouette edges to be used in sketches as geometry or reference elements. Limitations are the same as for the Projection/Intersection tool, as far as associativity is concerned. You can only create a silhouette edge from a canonical surface whose axis is parallel to the Sketch plane. 1
Select the Project 3D Silhouette Edges icon

2 Select the element to be


projected

You get:

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Isolate
The Isolate command breaks the links between Projected and Intersected elements and their parents 3D geometry so that they may be edited independently 2 Activate the Isolate option from the menu
- Insert/Operation/3D Geometry

1 Select (or Multi-Select) the elements


to be isolated (Here two of the edges from the projected face)

The isolated lines turn white to indicate that they are no longer linked. You can now drag these lines to new locations or change them as needed

A Projected or Intersected curve does not need to be isolated in order to be relimited (position is not modified)

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Edit Mark Definition


You can see the mark characteristics and you can transform the mark into a construction element. The mark can result from a projection or an intersection

In the Sketcher, double click on the projection

In the dialog box, select the Construction element button

Select OK

The mark is now a construction element

You get:

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Edit and Modify Import Properties (1/2)


You can edit Projections and Intersections

Double click on Projection.4

Select a new edge to be projected, then select OK New edge

When leaving the sketcher, you will get:

Double click

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Edit and Modify Import Properties (2/2)


You can highlight the Reference Element inside the Sketch.
Project your Line onto the plane. If you double click on this projection, the Reference Element will be highlighted.

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Editing Parents Children and Constraints (1/2)


You can edit an element using the Parents/Children capability
Select Parent/Children from the constraint contextual menu

Select Show All Parents from Offset.12

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Editing Parents Children and Constraints (2/2)


3
Select Edit from Pad.1

You can, now, edit the pad

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To Sum Up ...
You have learned how to perform various operations on the geometry you create in the Sketcher (and to bring 3D geometry into the context of the Sketcher): Re-limiting Operations (Corners, Chamfers ) Global Transformations (Translations, Rotations ) Offset Operations on 3D Geometry (Project, Intersect )

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Setting Constraints
In this lesson you will see:

Introduction to Constraints Quick Constraints Modification of Constraints Auto Constraints Animating Constraints Sorting Sketches by their Solving Status Relations Between Dimensions To Sum Up

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Introduction to Constraints
You will learn the different ways to create constraints

What are Constraints and why do we need them? Sketching in Context

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Why Constraints?
Without Constraints, geometry can be moved freely just by using the mouse to drag them. If Sketcher profiles are moved, so do the solids that are supported by them. In the context of an assembly, if one part moves, another part that is related to it may also move. Although in CATIA V5 geometry will remain in place when put there, without Constraints any subsequent movement of elements by the user may go unnoticed and affect Form Fit and Function of entire assemblies. Hence, Constraints serve to mathematically fix geometry in space. They also can specifically relate one element to another and serve as visual feedback to the user on what these relationships are. After Constraints are created, they are easily modified by merely changing their values or placement. From the ease at which Constraints may be modified and from the inherent downstream associativity of V5, the user can quickly explore alternative designs.

Movement of 4 Unconstrained Lines

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What are Geometric and Dimensional Constraints ?

Geometric constraints
A Geometric constraint is a specification of how two geometric elements are related to one another: are the elements coincident (located at the same place), are they concentric, tangent, perpendicular or parallel to one another?

Geometric constraint
(here concentricity)

Dimensional constraints
A Dimensional Constraint, one type of Geometric Constraint, specifies the distance between two elements. This distance can be specified as a linear distance, an angular distance, or a radial distance depending on the type of geometric elements involved

Dimensional constraint
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(here distance)

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What Does Sketching in Context Mean ?


Sketching in context is using existing geometry to create new geometry When sketching with CATIA V5 space geometry is visualized. You can use it to guide your sketch

From rough to precise sketch


At first, the sketch has to only be made to conform to the spatial intent i.e. the left or right of a hole, on the inside or outside of a pocket, on the top or bottom of a pad, etc. Later, the exact dimensions or precise geometric constraints (concentricity, parallelism, coincidence...) can be applied to the sketch (or profile) to define it precisely
3D geometry used to sketch and constrain profiles

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Sketching in Context

You can add constraints between the active sketch and any part edges, vertices or other sketches.

Activate the Constraint icon

Select the edge of the part then the segment to be constrained

Select the Distance constraint from the contextual menu (MB3)

Place the constraint and modify it if necessary

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Quick Constraints

Dimension Constraints

Contact Constraints

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Why Quick Constraints?

Dimension constraints and Contact constraints are frequently used. Hence, they are made accessible with just one click.

Other constraints are chosen from a Constraint Definition Box

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Setting Dimensional Constraints


3 2 1
Select the line to constrain (dimension) Select the Constraint icon Select the Constraint icon

Select location of dimension

Post selecting the circle produces a diameter dimension...

but then selecting the line turns the dimension to a distance dimension

Pre and post selection affects the way CATIA applies dimensional constraints.
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Setting Contact Constraints

2 1
Select the Contact Quick Constraints icon

Select the two elements to be constrained

Generally, the first selected element will remain in its current position. The second one will move. For more control, use the Fix Constraint beforehand.
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Modification of Constraints

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What Type of Modification Can be Done on Constraints?

All geometric and dimensional constraints may be deleted using the Contextual Menu (third mouse button)

Values of dimensions may be changed by double-clicking on them The location of dimensions and the extension lines can be modified by dragging with the left mouse button

The type of Constraints applied on an element can be modified by reentering the Constraints Dialog Box and making modifications there

A geometric or dimensional constraint attached to an element (i.e. line, circle etc ) can be reconnected to a different element. The geometry will change to conform to the new Constraint setup

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Modification in the Constraint Dialog Box


1 Select the two lines linked
with the Perpendicularity constraint

2
Select the Constraint Dialog Box icon

4
Select a new constraint eg. Verticality

Deselect the Perpendicularity check box

5 Click OK to Exit
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Reconnecting a Constraint
1 Double Click on the
Tangency Constraint

2
Click on More

6 Click OK to save and exit

5
Select the unassociated line in the Sketcher window

Select the Line component

4 Select Reconnect

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Additional Information ...


Dimension value:
To modify the position of a dimension's value:

Click the icon Select the value text of the dimension Drag the value text to the new position

Dimension line:
To modify the position of the dimension line:

Click the icon Select the dimension line Drag the line to the new position

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Auto-Constraint

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What is Auto-Constraint?

The AutoConstraint Tool:


The AutoConstraint tool automatically detects possible constraints between selected elements and imposes these constraints once detected

Elements to be constrained

Fixed Elements (Independent elements from which other elements can be constrained from - normally the Sketcher Axes)
Symmetry Lines (If selected will cause Symmetry Constraints to be created between elements symmetrical to these lines - the symmetry lines themselves will not be constrained)

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Auto-Constraints
1
Multi-Select the lines in this closed profile.

Select the Auto-Constraint Icon

3 Select the elements to


be constrained

Select the Reference Elements Field then select the Vertical and Horizontal Axes

5
Click OK to create the Constraints

Auto-Selection tools such as Auto-Search and Trap can be helpful

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Animating Constraints

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What is Animating Constraints?

The Animate Constraint Tool:


The Animate Constraints tool allows you to see how a constrained system reacts when you decide to make one constraint vary. In this way, it is a tool for understanding the limitations imposed on the geometry by the current set of constraints. It can be a very useful tool for exploring design alternatives.

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Animating Constraints
1
2
Select the dimension you would like to vary

Select the Animate Constraint Icon

3 Input the initial and final


values and the number of intermediate steps to display

4
Press the Play button. Cancel when done

The Animate Constraint panel works like a tape-recorder panel. The user can play forward and backwards, rewind, or play in cyclic repeat mode.

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Sorting Sketches by their Solving Status


You will see how to sort Sketches by their Status (Under-Defined, Well-Defined, Over-Defined and Inconsistent).

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What are Sketch Status?


You can define four Status for a Sketch : the Under-Defined, Well-Defined, Over-Defined and Inconsistent Status. It is now possible to sort Sketches by their Status.

Well-Defined Under-Defined

Inconsistent
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Over-Defined

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Sorting Sketches by their Solving Status (1/3)


1 2
Select Search in the Edit Menu. A Dialog box appears and a new attribute Solving Status is added to sort Sketches by their Status.

Select the Status you want to sort. In our example, we choose the OverDefined Status.
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Sorting Sketches by their Solving Status (2/3)


4
After clicking on Search, the Sketch which is Over-Defined appears in the Dialog box.

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Sorting Sketches by their Solving Status (3/3)


5
This Sketch is also highlighted in the specification tree and in the geometry area.

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Relations Between Dimensions

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What are Relations Between Dimensions?

Relations between Dimensions:


Dependencies can be established between dimensions (For example, A=B+C/2)

Originally a part of the Knowledgeware set of products, this functionality has been incorporated into the V5 infrastructure and is generally accessible from all Workbenches.
In CATIA V5, in addition to relationships between dimension values, dimensions can be made dependent on other parameters such as Forces, Temperature, Time, or Material Properties etc ...

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Creating a Relation Between Dimensions


1 2
Select the dimension you would like to be made dependent

Use the Contextual Menu (third mouse button) and drag down to Edit Formula

3
1) Select the 40 dimension 2) Type in + 3) Select the 10 dimension 4) Type in /2

When required, open ( and Close ) parentheses can be used to indicate the order of evaluation for the expression

4 Select OK to create the


relation
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To Sum Up ...
You have learned:

What Constraints are and what they are used for ...
And you have learned how to apply Constraints using: Quick Constraints Constraint Dialog Box Auto Constraint You have learned how to analyze a constrained system using: Animate Constraint and How to sort Sketches using their Solving Status How to establish a relation between Dimensions on a Sketch
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Managing Sketches
In this lesson you will see:

Creating Planes Replacing a Sketch Changing a Sketch Support Sketch Analysis Changing Body To Sum Up

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Creating Planes
You will learn how to create Planes in 3D space to be used as sketching planes

Planes

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Why Creating Planes ?


Sometimes you will need to create Planes to use them as Sketching planes

Offset planes
Offset planes are used to help define the extrusion extent of a Sketch-Based feature

Angled planes
Angled Planes are used to define Sketch-Based features that are angled with respect to other features

Offset planes

Angled planes

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Creating an Angled Plane


1

Select the Plane Icon (Available from the WireFrame&Surfaces (WFS or the Generative Shape Design (GSD) Workbenches)

2
For Angle to Plane creation type, select edge as reference to rotate resulting plane about

The resulting plane (Plane.3) is 45deg to the face, rotated about the selected edge

Select the upper face as the reference plane to rotate from. A preview plane that can be dragged to a new location is shown

Angle to Plane is just one of many creation types possible.


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Creating an Offset Plane


2 1
Select a Face

Select the Plane Icon (Available from the WireFrame & Surfaces (WFS) or the Generative Shape Design (GSD) Workbenches)

The offset distance from the reference face can be set by typing the value in the dialog or dragging the circular handle on the graphic screen

Offset from Plane is just one of many creation types possible.


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Additional Information ...

Different types of plane:


The plane definition dialog box provides you with various methods to define planes:

Different planes

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Replacing a Sketch
You will learn how to replace a sketch used to support a Solid or a Surface element by a different one

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Why Replacing a Sketch ?


Replacing a sketch is a quick way to modify solids or surfaces using that sketch for their definition.
The user creates a new sketch with a new profile. This new sketch will replace the old one. The solids or surfaces that are based on the previous sketch do not have to be re-created. They will be modified automatically.

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Replacing a Sketch

3 1
Check which plane the original sketch lies on. You can use the Parent/Children analysis from the Contextual Menu (third mouse button on the sketch) if you like

Create the new sketch on the same plane (Note: although this is normally the case - it is not a requirement)

Right click on the original sketch and drag down to Replace. Click on your new sketch as the replacing sketch

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Changing a Sketch Support

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Why Changing a Sketch Support?

Changing a Sketch Support:


By changing its supporting plane, a sketch can be moved to a new plane without having to recreate it Copies of a sketch can be moved onto different planes in this way

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Changing the Sketch Support


1
While outside the Sketcher mode, use the Contextual Menu on the Sketch to be modified and drag down to Change Sketch Support

Any Solid or Surface elements attached to the Sketch will be moved accordingly

2 Select the new plane for the Sketch

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Sketch Analysis
You will learn how to analyze sketches: geometry, projection and intersection. You will get either a global or an individual status, and you will be able to correct any problem

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Why Analyzing the Geometry of a Sketch? (1/2)


Most of the time, you draw a sketch in order to use it to build sketch based features (e.g. pads). Sometimes, when you try to use a sketch, CATIA refuses to build the feature because the sketch is not closed (or overlapping) and it is sometimes difficult to see where the sketch is opened (or overlapping). The Tools + Sketch Analysis option allows you to check whether a sketch can be used to create a sketch based feature

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Why Analyzing the Geometry of a Sketch? (2/2)


During the sketch analysis, it is possible to do corrective actions:

Set in Construction Mode Close Opened Profile Delete Geometry

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Why Analyzing the Projection/Intersection of a Sketch? (1/2)


The Sketch Analysis option can be used to check the projection onto or intersection with 3D elements

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Why Analyzing the Projection/Intersection of a Sketch? (2/2)


During the sketch analysis, it is possible to do corrective actions:

Isolate Geometry Activate / Deactivate Delete Geometry Replace 3D Geometry

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Analyzing a Sketch: Geometry (1/2)


The Tools + Sketch Analysis command allows you to check if a sketch can be used to create a sketch based feature

In order to edit the sketch, double click on Sketch.1 in the tree

Select the Tools+ Sketch Analysis menu option

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Analyzing a Sketch: Geometry (2/2)


The Tools + Sketch Analysis command allows us to check if a sketch can be used to create a sketch based feature
3 If necessary, select the Geometry tab in the dialog box 4 In order to better see the sketch, select the Hide constraints button, the constraints will be hidden

You can now see where the sketch is opened and you can correct it

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Analyzing a Sketch: Projection/Intersection (1/2)


The Tools + Sketch Analysis menu option allows you to check if a sketch can be used to create a sketch based feature
1 In order to edit the sketcher, double click on Sketch.3 in the tree 2 Select the Tools+ Sketch Analysis menu option

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Analyzing a Sketch: Projection/Intersection (2/2)


The Tools + Sketch Analysis menu option allows you to check if a sketch can be used to create a sketch based feature
3 If necessary, select the Projection/Intersection tab in the dialog box 4 You can now check if the intersections and projections contained in the sketcher are valid or not

Intersection between 3d elements

Projection of 3d elements
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Additional Information
Different corrective actions can be done when analyzing a sketch:

Analyzing a Sketch: Geometry

Set in Construction Mode

Close Opened Profile

Delete Geometry

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Additional Information
Different corrective actions that can be done when analyzing a sketch:

Analyzing a Sketch: Projection/Intersection


Isolate Geometry: When using this icon, the selected projected or intersecting element is separated from its 3d components

Activate/Deactivate: When using this icon, the selected element (of the sketch) is no more taken into account when creating a sketch based feature, but the element still exists

Delete Geometry: When using this icon, the selected element is remove from the sketch

Replace 3d Geometry: When using this icon with a projected or intersecting element (intersection or projection with 3d objects), you can select another 3d element to modify the projection or the intersection

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Change Body
You will learn how to move one sketch from a body to another one

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Why Moving One Sketch from a Body to Another one ?


When working with several bodies, you may want to create a sketch based feature (a pad for example) and the necessary sketch has been created in a body different from the active one. In this case you may want to transfer the sketch from its body of creation into the active one (it is not mandatory but it is helpful to understand the part structure

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Changing Body
You can move one sketch from a body to another one

Select the Change body command from the sketch contextual menu

Select the body in which you want to move the sketch, then select OK

You get:

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To Sum Up ...
You have learned how to manage 2D sketches in 3D space by: Creating Planes in 3D and using tools such as: Replacing a Sketch Changing a Sketch Support Sketch Analysis

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