Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai Water Sector Initiatives

Water Supply- Key Issues

Issues pertaining to Quantity of water Overall availability and equitable distribution

Issues pertaining to Quality of Water Contamination due to aging network

Issues pertaining to Cost of Operations and tariff
structure

Issues pertaining to hours of supply Intermittent supply vs. 24X7 supply

Issues pertaining to unaccounted for water Physical as well as revenue losses

Issues pertaining to Customers relationship
management
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Customer Care Challenges of Rising Expectations & Numbers

Mumbai Water Supply At A Glance

Water Supply: 3350 Mld Major Water Treatment Plants: Bhandup: Rated capacity 1910 Mld, working Mld Panjarapur: Rated capacity 1365 Mld, working Mld Vehar + Tulsi : Rated capacity 90 Mld Major Pumping stations: Pise Panjarapur Bhandup Raoli Master Balancing Reservoirs : 2 Yewai Bhandup Service Reservoirs Length of water mains No. of Distribution Zones No. of Leak-detection Zones No. of daily operated valves at 2100 at 1365

: 26 : 4000 Kms : 109 : 615 : 800

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Existing Water Supply Sources

Sr. No. 1 2 3 4 6 Name of the Source Year of Completion 1860 1879 1892 to 1925 1957 Qty of Water Supply (MLD) 110 18 485 1142 Total Qty of Water Supply (MLD)(Cumulative) 110 128 613 1755

Vihar Lake Tulsi Lake Tansa Lake Lower & Upper Vaitarna Bhatsa I Mumbai II Mumbai III Mumbai III A MUMBAI

1981 1989 1996 2007

455 455 455 350

2210 2665 3120 3470 *

Inclusive of 120MLD En-Route Supply

Sources of Water Supply For Mumbai

Basin wise water sources
Vaitarna
UPPER VAITARNA

PINJAL GARGAI LOWER VAITARNA

MIDDLE VAITARNA

Upper Vaitarna Lower Vaitarna

TANSA BHATSA

SHAI

Middle Vaitarna
Pinjal Gargai
Bhatsa
Ulhas
KALU

Kalu

Shai
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Mumbai Water Supply- Broad Features

Mumbais Current Population Mumbais water supply Non-revenue water Domestic per capita water availability
(excluding 20% leakage & Ind./Com. Demand)

: : : :
:

13 million 3350 MLD 20-25% 180 lpcd

2 to 4 hours

Avg. Hours of Supply

The per capita water availability in some cities having 24X7 water supply: London Singapore : Kuala Lumpur Paris Phnom-Penh : 150 lpcd 160 lpcd : 120 lpcd : 150 lpcd : 45 lpcd

Thus Mumbai has enough water to switch over from the present intermittent pattern to Continuous pattern of water supply provided:
1. Non revenue water is reduced significantly 2. Customer Demand is managed (including wastage) 3. Supply is augmented as per rising demand (new sources for future demand are created)

24X7 Water Supply- Myths & Realities

24X7 water supply is an achievable objective with proper technical & Managerial reforms.
Myth: The continuous water supply: Needs more water Expensive Is it necessary? Is it achievable?

Truth: The intermittent water supply Consumes more water. Requires huge capital investment & coping costs Associated with the water pollution & leakage management problems The system is never designed for intermittent supply Reduces the asset life

Intermittent System Consumes More Water 1. Consumer taps are usually kept open. 2. There is a tendency to store more water what is required. 3. The STALE water is thrown to store FRESH water. 4. High peak needs strong network and more capital investment. 5. Low pressures increases the coping cost of the consumer 6. Leak detection & management is difficult.

Benefits of 24 x 7 Water Supply

1. Improved public health through reduction of water pollution. 2. Better system: Demand management by efficient metering and rationalization of tariff 3. Better leak detection & control measures. 4. Higher consumer satisfaction: willingness to pay more and on time. 5. Investments in the network can be optimised. 6. Consumer can utilize his time more productively. 7. Reduction in the coping cost on the consumers. 8. The unregulated ground water exploitation and its negative environmental impact prevented. 9. Overall economic boost: Improved infrastructure attracts Industry / Commerce.

Transition from Intermittent to 24X7 Water Supply

Major Water Sector Initiatives

Source Augmentation Demand-side Management Supply-side Management

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Source Augmentation - Long Term Plan

In the year 1993, the Govt. of Maharashtra appointed an expert committee under the chairmanship of Dr M A Chitale (Ex-Secretary, Irrigation Dept) for advice on the long term planning for augmentation of water supply to Mumbai. The committee recommended development of following sources in phases

Sr. No.
1 2 3 4 Gargai Pinjal Kalu

Source
Middle Vaitarna

Basin
Vaitarna Vaitarna Vaitarna Ulhas

Yield [MLD]
455 455 865 590

The GoM has accepted the Dr. Chitale Committee recommendations and has approved allotment of these sources. The MCGM has therefore taken up the Middle Vaitarna Project as an immediate additional source of water supply.Simultaneously feasibility of Gargai and Pinjal Projects is currently being studied and the report of the Consultants, M/s Mot Mcdonald & Co. in this regard is currently under scrutiny.
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Demand Supply Scenario

163.8 lakhs 152.99 lakhs 121.94 lakhs 2001 4450 2980 2011 5010 3800 2021

5300 5120
Present Supply 3350 Mld
Demand in Mld Supply in Mld

Source: Dr. Chitale Committee Report

Source Augmentation III A Mumbai Water Supply Project

Present allocation of
355 mld water for the project has been renewed for 5 more yrs after 2007. Additional allocation of 300 mld okayed for Mumbai from Bhatsa Dam for five years till Middle Vaitarna Project is completed.

Project based on Bhatsa Dam Original cost: Rs. 667 cr; Revised estimate: Rs.739 cr Earlier scheduled for completion in 2009,
this project is fully commissioned in May 2007, giving 355 mld of additional water to Mumbai

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Middle Vaitarna Water Supply Project

Approved Project Cost:

Rs.1,329.50 crore

Project is based on a new dam to be constructed

between Upper Vaitarna dam and Modak Sagar Environmental Clearance along with permission for diversion of 634 ha of forest land received from the Ministry of Environment & Forest, Govt. of India Detailed estimates of all the components of the scheme prepared through Consultants. Tenders invited for most of the components of the Project Agency fixed for the Tunnel & Pipeline components The work on the Project expected to start in Oct 2007. Rehabilitation Plan for the 43 Project Affected Persons has been submitted to the District Rehabilitation Officer Thane for implementation after securing approval of the State Rehabilitation Authority Proposal for financing under JNNURM cleared in February 07 by

the Government of India.1st

installment of grant released.

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Middle Vaitarna Project Financing

Share of State Gov.(15% ) Rs.199.43 Crores, MCGM share, (50% ) Rs.664.75 Crores,

Share of GoI under JNNURM (35% ) Rs.465.32 Crores

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Demand/Supply Side Initiatives

Apart from source augmentation, the Corporation is also taking a number of measures on both, the Demand side as well as the Supply side to ensure greater efficiency and consumer satisfaction.

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Demand Side initiatives

Universal metering is being introduced to enable the citizens pay as per their
consumption Expressions of Interest have been called for short-listing one or more agencies for supply, installation, operation/maintenance & reading of water meters throughout Mumbai. The agency will be appointed by the end of November 2007.

Telescopic Rates to encourage conservation of water are proposed to be introduced

after installation of meters on the connections to domestic consumers of planned buildings

Proposed Tariff Structure is as under : Upto 150 lpcd One time 150 to 200 lpcd Two times 200 to 250 lpcd Three times 250 lpcd & above Four times Proposal is under consideration at the level of the Group Leaders and the Standing
Committee.

Prepaid water meters- water connections with prepaid meters are proposed to be
given to the inhabitants of unauthorised slums & structures so as to avoid stealing of water & tampering of the watermains and thereby cut down the wasteful use of water.
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Supply Side initiatives

Comprehensive Water Supply Distribution Improvement Programme is being taken up under the guidance of a reputed Consultant, broadly along the following lines -

Water Distribution Management & NRW Reduction: 1. Digital mapping of the utility on GIS compatible base maps. 2. Hydraulic modeling of the entire network. 3. Hydraulic model of DMA, each comprising about 1000 connections. 4. 100% Consumer metering, Bulk metering and District Metering set-up. 5. Water balance and estimation of NRW/UFW 6. Leakage detection, Repairs / Rehabilitation / Replacement plan 7. Water balance. If NRW within limits, implement 24X7 supply 8. Introduce pressure regulating devices for equitable distribution 9. Introduce / upgrade Distribution management tool SCADA
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IMPROVEMENT IN PRIMARY NETWORK

A massive programme for replacement of Tansa Water main is proposed to be undertaken from Gundavali to Tansa due to ageing of old pipes. Replacing Tansa and Vaitarna Mains between Gundavali and Bhandup Complex by 5500 mm dia. Tunnel for a length of 15 Kms. DPRs of these projects are under preparation and would be submitted to GoI for availing financial assistance under the JNNURM.

Improvement in Secondary Network

A major programme has been taken up for replacement of Trunk mains / Inlets / Outlets by Tunnels due to aging of pipe lines, and to avoid leakages (i) Replacing Tansa and Vaitarna Mains between Maroshi and Ruparel by 3000mm dia. Tunel for a length of 12 Kms. (ii) Replacing of Outlets of Malbar Hill Reservoir between Malabar Hill and Cross Maidan by 2200mm dia. Tunnel for a length of 3.6 Kms. (iii) Replacing of Outlets of Veravali Hill Reservoir between Veravali Hill and Yari Road by 2200mm dia. Tunnel for a length of 6.1 Kms.

TUNNEL FROM MAROSHI TO RUPAREL COLLEGE

TUNNEL - SHAFT EXCAVATION (Photographs from earlier works)

TBM CUTTER HEAD-FRONT VIEW

STEEL LINER PLATES BEING FIXED

Steel Liners

LOOSE ROCK FALL ON TBM FRONT PORTION.

REINFORCEMENT BEING PLACED FOR TUNNEL LINING

RCC LINED TUNNEL WITH WATER FOR CURING

2200mm

Improvement in Secondary Network

Replacement and Rehabilitation of old pipelines
A major programme costing Rs. 356 Crore, to be implemented over two years, has been drawn up for replacement/rehabilitation of old pipelines to reduce leakages and possibility of contamination. DPR of Rs. 253.47 Crore is prepared and submitted to the GOI for availing financial assistance under the JNNURM.

Year
Pipelines Replacement

2006-07
length 221 Km

2007-08
length 103 Km

Total
length 324 Km

Rehabilitation

196 Km

94 Km

290 Km

Total

417 Km

197 Km

614 Km

Expenditure (Rs. Crores)

150

206

356

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Improvement in Tertiary Network

In order to reduce leakages and consequent contamination, the tertiary network is being replaced / rehabilitated wherever necessary, under Expert guidance. Zonal contractors are being appointed for carrying out the work as suggested by the Consultant for which a proposal to appoint contractors in six zones of Mumbai has been submitted to the Standing Committee. Tender process for appointing a reputed Consultant for Comprehensive Water Supply Distribution Improvement Programme is currently going on.

Supply Side Management: Reduction of Operational Costs

Energy Audit
A reputed agency has been appointed for carrying out energy audit of the complete system and major pumping stations in water supply sector in order to identify areas where energy can be saved. The Audit Report is submitted in the month of February 07 and the recommendations are being implemented

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